SPEECH FUNCTIONS USED AMONG SELLERS AND
PURCHASERS IN THE PADANGSIDIMPUAN
TRADITIONAL MARKET
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Applied Linguistic Study Program in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of
Magister Humaniora
By:
ABDUL RAHMAN SIAGIAN
Registration Number: 8106111001
ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
SPEECH FUNCTIONS USED AMONG SELLERS AND
PURCHASERS IN THE PADANGSIDIMPUAN
TRADITIONAL MARKET
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Applied Linguistic Study Program in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of
Magister Humaniora
By:
ABDUL RAHMAN SIAGIAN
Registration Number: 8106111001
ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
iii
ABSTRACT
Abdul Rahman Siagian, Speech Function Used Among Sellers and Purchasers In The Padangsidimpuan Traditional Market. Thesis: English Applied Linguistics Study Program. State University of Medan 2012.
This study deals with the analysis of Speech Function among used sellers and purchasers in the Padangsidimpuan traditional market. The objectives are to find types of speech functions used by seller and purchaser in the Padangsidimpuan traditional market, the dominant types of speech functions used by sellers and purchasers in the Padangsidimpuan traditional market, and the reason why speech functions are realized by seller and purchaser in the Padangsidimpuan traditional market the way they are. The research was conducted based on the qualitative
Sangkumpal Bonang, Pasar tradisional Utcok kodok, Pasar Tradisional Sadabuan, Pasar Tradisional Padangmatinggi.The analyzed the data were taken
iii
ABSTRACT
Abdul Rahman Siagian, Speech Function Used Among Sellers and Purchasers In The Padangsidimpuan Traditional Market. Thesis: English Applied Linguistics Study Program. State University of Medan 2012.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, the writer would like to express his greatest gratitude
to Allah SWT, the Almighty that has given him the ability, health, and safety to
finish this thesis completely.
In completing this thesis, the writer would like to express his biggest debt
is therefore to some persons. They are:
First, the writer would like to record his gratefully acknowledge to Prof.
Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd as the Head of English Applied Linguistics, Dr Anni
Holila Pulungan M.Hum as the Secretary of English Applied Linguistics in
UNIMED and as the first advisor of the writer who has kindly assisted him in
guiding, direction, revising and correcting the systematic or the concept of this
thesis and also the writer would like to record his gratefully acknowledge to Prof
Dr. Lince Sihombing M.Pd, Prof. Amrin Saragih, Ph.D., M.A, as the second
advisor of the writer who has also kindly assisted him in guiding, direction,
revising and correcting the systematic or the concept of this thesis May Allah
bless them.
Second, the writer also would like to express his gratitude expression to
the riviewers and examiners in examinations; Prof. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd,
Prof, Dr. Sumarsih,M.Pd, Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A right from Proposal Seminar
up to Green Table Examination. God bless them.
Third, the writer also would like to thank to all lecturers and tutors,
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valuable knowledge during the study in English Applied Linguistics of
Postgraduate School in the State University of Medan (UNIMED).
Fourth, the writer also would like to express his thanks to Sellers in pasar
tradisional padangsidimpuan and Kepala Dinas Pasar padangsidimpuan for their
helping and support and to provide the time and the chance during conducting this
study.
Fifth, to his beloved parents; Samaruddin Siagian (ALM) and Limbayung
Harahap (ALM) and his beloved sister and brother; Hotmasari Siagian, Muksin
Siagian S.Sos, Masrohaya Siagian Am.Kes for their supports and advices to him
until he finished this thesis.
Next, to his beloved wife Novalia Kasturi Pulungan S.Pd and his beloved
twin daughters Naylah Anzannah (Kakak) and Azizi Dien (Adek) boru Siagian for
their atmosphere, patience and support to let him continue his study until he
finished this thesis.
Finally, the writer has lost his wise words to pray to Allah SWT, to give
them proper reward. Amin.
Medan, December 27th , 2012
The Writer,
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1. Speech Functions ... 27
2. Type of Speech Functions ... 28
3. Elaboration of Speech Functions in Mood ... 34
4. Speech Roles and Commodities in Interaction ... 36
5. Speech Functions and Responses ... 38
6. Speech Function and Typical Mood of Clause ... 39
7. Speech Functions and Typical Clause and Non-Typical Clause of Mood.. ... 40
8. Proportion of Speech Function by the sellers ... 75
9. Proportion of Speech Function by the purchasers ... 76
10. Proportion of Mood sellers and Purchaser ... 77
11. Proportion of Speech Function by the sellers ... 78
12. Proportion of Speech Function by the Purchaser ... 79
13. Proportion of Mood sellers and Purchasers ... 80
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1. The Derivation of Speech Functions ... 29
2. Code of Speech Function ... 33
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusion
The interpersonal language refers to language used to enable one to
participate in communicative acts with another, to take on roles and to express
and understand feelings, attitudes, judgments and to exchange their experience
each other. This interpersonal function pours out through the elements participated
in the interaction. Based on the finding as presented in previous chapter,
conclusion are drawn as the following
(1) At the lexicogrammar level the four speech functions are realized coded as
Statement, Question, Offer and Command. The types of speech function
used by sellers in the less lasting product dominantly are statement (giving
information the product to by purchasers) and the purchasers used
command (demanding good & service about the quality of products and
prices) but the different with the long lasting product the sellers used
dominantly statement and purchasers is question. The four speech
functions used in the interaction of sellers with purchasers are coded into
the form of Moods : Declarative, Elliptical Declarative, Interrogative and
Imperative. The most dominant speech function used by sellers and
purchaser in less and long lasting goods product is declarative because
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(2) The speech function used by sellers in the Padangsidimpuan traditional
market dominantly is speakers and the purchasers is dominant hearer. The
proportions of speech functions used by sellers in less lasting product
commodity “kangkung, bawang, jeruk, salak and ikan tongkol were:
statement (25%) followed by command (17.5%), response offer to
command (17.5%), response to statement question (15%), question
(12.5%), aknowledge statement (10%), and aknowledge offer (2.5%). The
interaction of long lasting good commodity jeans, shoes, bags, shirts and
plash disk used by sellers of statement (26.15%) followed by question
(20%), response to statement question (15.38%), command (13.85%),
aknowledge statement (13.85%), response offer command (6.15%) and
offer (4.62%) and then the purchaser are question (25.58%) followed by
statement (23.65%), response to statement question (20.93%), command
(11.63%), aknowledge statement (6.98%), response offer command
(6.98%) and aknowledge offer (4.65%).
(3) Speech function is one contributed for the sellers to know because the
purchasers need information and good & service when in the interaction
and the sellers used the proposal language for negotiation in the
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5.2 Suggestion
In relation to the conclusions, suggestions are staged as the following.
1. It is suggested that all elements of traditional market should know the interpersonal coding in order to avoid misunderstanding with one another in
the field interaction especially traditional market and user the fourthly types
of speech function such as Calling, Response to Calling, Greeting, Response
to Greeting, Exclamation and response to Exclamation.
2. All elements of traditional market are suggested to use speech functions well, because using speech function enable speakers and listeners to express their
needs, message and to give information clearly.
3. It is worthy suggesting that others researchers should do further studies from the perspectives or theories of other linguistic fields.
4. It is suggested that the purchaser involved in the market activities should have good knowledge of speech function by which the can interact in the market
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