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CAD SYSTEM
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Contoh
penggunaan
sistem CAD
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A photorealistic rendered image created by
using
POV-Ray
3.6. The glasses, ashtray and
pitcher were modeled with
Rhinoceros 3D
and
the dice with
Cinema 4D
.
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An open surface with u- and
v-flow lines and Z-contours
shown.
wireframe
hidden edges
wireframe
uv isolines
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reflected image
reflection lines
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Visualization of how a car deforms in an asymmetrical
crash using finite element analysis.
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CAE
Computer-aided Engineering
CAD
(Computer-aided
Design)
CAA
(Computer-aided
Analysis)
CAM
(Computer-aided
Manufacturing)
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• Pemodelan geometri
• Analisis teknik
• Penyimpanan dan
pemanggilan data
• Penggambaran otomatis
Pekerjaan Dasar yang Dilakukan
dalam Sistem CAD
• Gambar pandangan
ganda
• Wire frame modeling
• Surface modeling
• Solid modeling
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• Membantu visualisasi. Ilustrasi
• Pandangan potongan pada berbagai sudut
pandang
• Memperkecil kesalahan dalam
produksi/pemesinan
• Menyediakan sifat-ifat massa (isi, berat, titik
berat, momen inersia dll.)
Analisis Teknik
• Untuk perhitungan stress dan sifat-sifat sistem
Analisis yang digunakan:
Kelebihan Solid Modeling
Sifat-sifat massa
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Mulai
Masukan
Data
Rancangan
Analisis
Rancangan
Perhitungan
Koordinat gbr.,
Ukuran benda
Dll.
Perhitungan
Koordinat gbr.,
Ukuran benda dll.
Ukuran dan
bahan
(spesifikasi)
Membuat file
Script
AutoCAD
Menjalankan
Script
Penyelesaian
Gambar
Gambar Model;
Layout
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SISTEM
CAD
untuk PISAU ROTARI
Mekanisme Kerja
Garu Rotari
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Dasar Rancang Bangun Pisau Rotari
Bagian Pegangan
Bagian Pisau Lurus
Bagian Ujung Pisau
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Tahapan Perancangan Pisau Rotari
Jari-jari
Kurva kelengkungan
Bagian sekop
Bagian pegangan
Lengkugan pisau
Ujung pisau
Pangkal dan
lengkungan
Bag. sekop
Potongan
Bag. sekop
Lengkung
belakang
Gambar kerja
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Sistem CAD Pisau Pemotong Rumput
Tipe slasher
Mata pisau
Tipe reel
Reel
Bedknife
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Blade
Belum dipotong
Arah putar
Setelah dipotong
Rangka
Arah maju pemotongan
Bedknife
Poros
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QBasic
Input data
rancangan
AutoCAD
Pembuatan gambar
kerja otomatis
QBasic
Pengolahan data
rancangan
Pembuatan dan
penyimpanan file script
Data
rancangan
saran
Gambar
kerja
File-file script
Proses Perancangan
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Sudut potong (a)
Diameter reel (b)
Panjang reel (c)
Jumlah blade (d)
c
b
d
a
Parameter Rancangan
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Lebar blade (e)
Tebal blade (f)
Rake angle (g)
f
e
g
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Rake angle & Penampang blade
Blade
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Rancangan model pisau tipe reel
Panjang = 540 mm
Diameter = 126 mm
Jumlah blade = 5 buah
Tebal blade = 3 mm
Lebar blade = 30 mm
Rake angle = 5
0
Blade
Rangka
Poros
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Hasil Gambar dari Program
Panja
ng
(mm)
Jumlah blade
3
5
8
11
500
700
900
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• Code Program• COLOR 11, 0: LOCATE 22, 21: INPUT "do you want to change data ?(Y/N):"; pil$ • IF pil$ = "Y" OR pil$ = "y" THEN GOTO 8
• 'PERHITUNGAN SUDUT POTONG
• PHI = 3.141593: KLL = DR * PHI: KLL1 = PR * TAN(SP / 57.29578) • SUDUT1 = (KLL1 / KLL) * 360: S1 = SUDUT1
• 'PERHITUNGAN KOORDINAT REKE ANGLE,SUDUT POTONGPerhitungan Rake Angle, Sudut Potong • X = 0: Y = 0: Z = 0 • RR = DR / 2: TB1 = TB / 2: TB2 = TB / 3: TB3 = TB / 6: TB4 = (2 * TB) / 3 • XSM = (TAN(30)) / TB4 • SSS4 = LB + XSM • SSS5 = SQR(XSM ^ 2 + TB4 ^ 2) • X0T1 = X + RR: Y0T1 = Y • XT1 = X0T1: YT1 = Y0T1 • SXT1 = XT1 - .05: SYT1 = YT1 + .0001
• R1 = SQR(XT1 ^ 2 + YT1 ^ 2): K1 = YT1 / XT1: S2 = ATN(K1) * 57.29578 • TRI = SQR(RR ^ 2 - TB3 ^ 2): TRI1 = ATN(TRI / TB3) * 57.29578 • TRI4 = 90 - TRI1
• X0T2 = TB2 * SIN(TRI4 / 57.29578): Y0T2 = TB2 * COS(TRI4 / 57.29578) • SX0T2 = X0T2 / 2: SY0T2 = Y0T2 / 2Perhitungan Koordinat titik-titik tepi blade • XT2 = XT1 - X0T2: YT2 = YT1 + Y0T2
• SXT2 = XT1 - SX0T2: SYT2 = YT1 + SY0T2
• R2 = SQR(XT2 ^ 2 + YT2 ^ 2): K2 = YT2 / XT2: S3 = ATN(K2) * 57.29578 • X0T5 = LB * COS(RA / 57.29578): Y0T5 = LB * SIN(RA / 57.29578) • SX0T5 = X0T5 / 2: SY0T5 = Y0T5 / 2
• XT5 = XT1 - X0T5: YT5 = YT1 + Y0T5 • SXT5 = XT1 - SX0T5: SYT5 = YT1 + SY0T5
• R5 = SQR(XT5 ^ 2 + YT5 ^ 2): K5 = YT5 / XT5: S6 = ATN(K5) * 57.29578 • X0T4 = TB * SIN(RA / 57.29578): Y0T4 = TB * COS(RA / 57.29578) • SX0T4 = X0T4 / 2: SY0T4 = Y0T4 / 2
• XT4 = XT5 + X0T4: YT4 = YT5 + Y0T4 • SXT4 = XT5 + SX0T4: SYT4 = YT5 + SY0T4
• R4 = SQR(XT4 ^ 2 + YT4 ^ 2): K4 = YT4 / XT4: S5 = ATN(K4) * 57.29578 • PT4T3 = TB4 * TAN(30 / 57.29578): P43 = LB - PT4T3
• X0T3 = P43 * COS(RA / 57.29578): Y0T3 = P43 * SIN(RA / 57.29578) • SX0T3 = X0T3 / 2: SY0T3 = Y0T3 / 2
• XT3 = XT4 + X0T3: YT3 = YT4 - Y0T3 • SXT3 = XT4 + SX0T3: SYT3 = YT4 - SY0T3
• R3 = SQR(XT3 ^ 2 + YT3 ^ 2): K3 = YT3 / XT3: S4 = ATN(K3) * 57.29578
Perhitungan Rake Angle, Sudut Potong
Perhitungan Koordinat titik-titik tepi blade
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•
'PERHITUNGAN PILIHAN SISI ATAS1
•
SXT1A = R1 * COS((S1 + S2) / 57.29578): SYT1A = R1 * SIN((S1 + S2) / 57.29578)
•
‘Perhitungan Sisi Atas
•
SXT2A = R2 * COS((S1 + S3) / 57.29578): SYT2A = R2 * SIN((S1 + S3) / 57.29578)
•
SXT3A = R3 * COS((S1 + S4) / 57.29578): SYT3A = R3 * SIN((S1 + S4) / 57.29578)
•
SXT4A = R4 * COS((S1 + S5) / 57.29578): SYT4A = R4 * SIN((S1 + S5) / 57.29578)
•
SXT5A = R5 * COS((S1 + S6) / 57.29578): SYT5A = R5 * SIN((S1 + S6) / 57.29578)
•
'PERHITUNGAN PILIH SISI BAWAH
•
SXT1 = (XT1 + XT2) / 2: SXT2 = (XT2 + XT3) / 2
•
‘Perhitungan Sisi Bawah
•
SXT3 = (XT3 + XT4) / 2: SXT4 = (XT4 + XT5) / 2
•
SXT5 = (XT5 + XT1) / 2: SYT1 = (YT1 + YT2) / 2
•
SYT2 = (YT2 + YT3) / 2: SYT3 = (YT3 + YT4) / 2
•
SYT4 = (YT4 + YT5) / 2: SYT5 = (YT5 + YT1) / 2
•
'PERHITUNGAN SISI ATAS OKEY
•
SXT1ATAS = (SXT1A + SXT2A) / 2: SXT2ATAS = (SXT2A + SXT3A) / 2
•
SXT3ATAS = (SXT3A + SXT4A) / 2: SXT4ATAS = (SXT4A + SXT5A) / 2
•
SXT5ATAS = (SXT5A + SXT1A) / 2: SYT1ATAS = (SYT1A + SYT2A) / 2
•
SYT2ATAS = (SYT2A + SYT3A) / 2: SYT3ATAS = (SYT3A + SYT4A) / 2
•
SYT4ATAS = (SYT4A + SYT5A) / 2: SYT5ATAS = (SYT5A + SYT1A) / 2
•
‘Mulai Membuat File Script untuk Gambar Isometri
•
'PROSES PENGGAMBARAN REEL ISOMETRI
•
CLS : LOCATE 15, 15: COLOR 5, 0
•
COLOR 5, 5: CLS : COLOR 3, 0
•
LOCATE 10, 10: PRINT “ "
•
FOR az = 1 TO 8
Perhitungan Sisi Atas
Perhitungan Sisi Bawah
Mulai Membuat File Script
untuk Gambar Isometri
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• LOCATE 10 + az, 10: PRINT "³ ³"• NEXT az
• LOCATE 18, 10: PRINT “ " • LOCATE 12, 20
• PRINT "Please Wait for a minute " • OPEN "O", 1, "C:iso.SCR" • LOCATE 15, 20
• PRINT "Your data is being saved at File C:Iso.SCR" • LOCATE 17, 30
• INPUT "go.... (Y/N):", PILL$
• IF PILL$ = "Y" OR PILL$ = "y" GOTO 19 • IF PILL$ = "N" OR PILL$ = "n" GOTO 200 • 19 OPEN "O", 1, "C:iso.SCR"
• PRINT #1, "-layer": PRINT #1, "n": PRINT #1, "Rangka": PRINT #1, "s" • PRINT #1, "Rangka": PRINT #1, "": PRINT #1, "COLOR": PRINT #1, "1" • PRINT #1, "CIRCLE"
• WRITE #1, X, Y, Z - 100: PRINT #1, "D": PRINT #1, "25" • PRINT #1, "EXTRUDE"
• WRITE #1, X + 12.5, Y, Z - 100: PRINT #1, "": WRITE #1, PR + 200 • PRINT #1, ""
• PRINT #1, "COLOR"
• PRINT #1, "6": PRINT #1, "CIRCLE"
• WRITE #1, X, Y, Z + 30: PRINT #1, "D": WRITE #1, DR - LB • PRINT #1, "EXTRUDE"
• WRITE #1, X + ((DR - LB) / 2), Y, Z + 30: PRINT #1, "": PRINT #1, "5" • PRINT #1, "" • IF PR < 400 GOTO 20 • WRITE #1, X + 12.5, Y, Z - 100 • IF PR >= 400 AND PR <= 600 GOTO 30 • IF PR >= 600 AND PR <= 800 GOTO 40 • IF PR >= 800 AND PR <= 1000 GOTO 50 • IF PR > 1000 GOTO 60 • 20 RANGKA = (PR - 60) / 2: GOTO 70 • 30 RANGKA = (PR - 60) / 3: GOTO 80 • 40 RANGKA = (PR - 60) / 4: GOTO 90 • 50 RANGKA = (PR - 60) / 5: GOTO 100 • 60 RANGKA = (PR - 60) / 6: GOTO 110 • 70 PRINT #1, "COPY"
