AZAOI KE BAAO URDU MEIN SAWANE NIGARI
KA TAHQUEEQI-WA-TANQUEEDI JAYEZA
ABSTRACT
OF
THESIS
SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF
Boctor of $i)ilo!B;opi)2)
IN
URDU
By
FIROZ AHMAD
Under the Supervision Of
DR. MOHD KHALID SAIFULLAH
DEPARTMENT OF URDU ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY
ALIGARH -202002 (UP) INDIA
2011
• 0^
I
3Jji
»fMI
JJO^' (/ir" J / ^ 'J'-' ^-^ '-^ ^ ^ u^Oi'>^? ^ f ( J j i ; T ^ ^ ^
* y *
r
Parallel
AZADI KE BAAD URDU MEIN SAWANE NIGARI
KA TAHQUEEQI-WA-TANQUEEDI JAYEZA
THESIS
SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF
IBoctor o! $t)tlos;opi)?
IN
URDU
By
FIROZ AHMAD
Under the Supervision Of
DR. MOHD KHALID SAIFULLAH
DEPARTMENT OF URDU ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY
ALIGARH -202002 (UP) INDIA
I
•
Centre of Advanced Study ^ ^ | I . 3 I 5 J 0 I wiT^jiLu^ Department of Urdu
Aligarh Muslim University a^J4LLi> Aligarh - 202002
K-mail; dcptt.urduiirf^niail.com
Dated: 18.11.2011
Certificate
^Uis IS to certify that the Q^h/D. thesis entitfecf
"Jizadi %e (Baad VrcCu Mein Sawane !Nigari Xa Tahqueeqi-Wa-Tanqueecfi Jayeza" which is being
suSmittecf 6y Mr. Tiroz Jlhmad is done under my supervision.
It IS further certified that this thesis has not been submitted in any other Vniversity for any degree.
(Prof. Mohd ZahicI) (Dr.Mohd Khalid Saifullah) Chairman j Supervisor
^ ^
AlOJ
1-lV
^ y
i^(J
• •Lrr .^Ajhii^AOyJ : Jjl^L
\rLj^Ci (jL/6'r'(/^U^J.bii(/U (...)m^rrr ^\JX
11
*
• • •
* •^
Ill
IV
"The History of the lives of individual men as a branch of literature." r
Q —
"Biography, nanatine which seeks, consiciously and artistically, to record the action and recreate the personality of an individual life." J^
Herold Nicolson "The Development of English ,f" Biography, p.71. The Hagarth Press, London, 5th
Editin, 1968.
"Biography may be defined as "the account of an actual hfe"^,
"Biography is, of the various kinds of narrative writing, that which is most eagarly rend, and most easily applied to the purpose of life." ^
"The new biography in consequence was after the record of the inner life, the relation of previously unsuspected aspects of character" ^
Encyclopedia Britanica, p.766, Vol. Ill, 1970 ,1 Editited by Johnson L. Clifford, "Biography as an Art", -f
Oxford University Press, New York, 1962
r
6>(/'C^/o^iTy (^^ c ^ tvr^ ^^v; J ji [,>o^^ ( j / ^
• I * t
c>
2_o^l^;(Vf(^0:jl7^-6'^c3tV(AD 46-120)Jie^^
rrji\ Ur'o/lj^^ jtif'^^/[j\y^^\/. SUJParallel Lives
L
A ** V j't^^6^-^ ^u?-''-'-^ < ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^'^tr6'>"^^Lfc^'-^ i^^if
o^.^-/J>f ; t > ^ jv^-6'^ jtv L^i^LTi/i^v^'6'^L^> A L
J^'^^\,f^^>.l^^h^/'J'-6j'^byiJ"
i.'1 L/f 0^ l>71^ L^ l^j Uc^ L>{jyji>ji\ c^j^\jL t / L ^ U j f
ji\ (Jy'^'b ^ J>^b>^- 6'>">^^^ wl?'(^ 6 r v J , oTI,^ ,'j^
J^i^L^/6'^'^/^ t^^L/%^^'6i>^tf ( ^ ( - ^ J ^
t V • • • • »
ir
• * t • « • *
* * * * • • * *
• * ' •
h
lA
*
Zl c<^(J y tUi'^^^^t ^y^ ^^ i/^f- (J->^/ff k.2^)}ijt
19
"The great charms of all biography is the truth, told simply, directly, boldly and charitably."^
Thom & Garaty, The Nature of Biography, p. 198, -I 1958,Britam
r*
^ J!>t/' (Buffon) c / - ^ f t ^ L / ^ ' ^ C ^ J ^ O ^ ^>^(
£'Style is the man himself"
"Nor can one word be change but for a worse." fl
J. Middlelon Michry, The Problem of the Style, p. 14, -I Oxford University Press, London, 1925
n
*
rr
^ • • • • ^ • * • ^^
^/TJ^>j>( (j/ij:!: U^^V^^'L^Vu tf>^'^ iftTj:^ t^^^ L ^
« • *
r^vt
tL
:^^ij/ (I)
4^( i.^7<: L^ ( j / ( - ^ iiri Jr^iy: if/^4 ^4 Lr4- iTjlf
rA
r*
••(jL^ck' (r)
rr
rr
rr
<L^
ra
n
*
vl/t c > ^ y lAylpi''! ^^ly^l L f l ^ j ^ J >
X^Ji^ rj^^. ci' M/I^|->"^ "^^J
Aih^^rx. j L / o & t / J U c ^ e ^ y ^
^y?^ i>f ^ U ^^ i; iX (J^ t^'- U ^ ' / ^ by i'U'
rA
•* • • ^ I • • • ^ ^^
^ 1 — • »
t/o^li^'L^L^'' J/y > J^i^aftr'i^ ±>7ui/L^i L C ^ V ^ C ^
n
r»
*
a^J^> J/u/t 4
c^^
4 ^ f^»^.
4 - ^
^ f^
n
^
t/^
rr
rr * • ^i:/-iU^j^7)'Lf/c^U'^'V'j^ybvL~'YL/yJ^i;j^-y 5j^L/4t>>G^^if't^yJr^i;^>y-(x^iPu/:!:.i9rz.i>^t^ c^>U'<c^k^'y<;r:^ a^o^Lt^i/^iJUc/'>-£L^y(j^i;^ya::jr/c^u7
rd Jii SJ
L'li^Jif4^(j-'^.£tr'a^ L)^\H
-^L"/dUj:!:;UU^L<:!^/c^UUIic:.U^^L-:i,^(y;fe'J^r^>dUD>l/lJl^^l/'yf-t'^>^^^-^/l/>4'd'^^^^/^-^
1^-l^^>c^^ ^ tr^Zl c/l c^y L U: ^ L F ^ 'rz
rq
d*
(il
ar
((
ar
Lo^il Essay-i^^^^jt^^iijy/iufi^Ul^^f^J^
at^)^L/c^Uy.>^.^;^/J/> ^
or
EsaayiJy/'
i / ' X ^ Essays ^ ^ 7 j cl"'-^ ^l^A^ycPi^ Jii^ cT^-O^^'i^Uyj
dA
^9
1»
<^i^yt^}/iif'S^O\ ^i^U/Bi/
i r
( •* t? 7
i r
i r
6 v ^ i ^ C/^(^ w^'->^'5> L (^ (Jj^lf :J^ C^ L ^ ^ t / J ^ > ^ - ' ' ' > ^ ' ^ J ^ ^
"id
11
iq
* • * ^ /
L*
*• X • • ^ « * ^ * ^ * ^ * ^
^1
^r
'V
• iJIJUi^
* *
^ r
VI U V
r u ^ ( w^^w:^^ u ! > i ^ / ^ j A . l > l i ( :^i>^C/t''Kil »/> ^^
Sijyt tiyjt i>j\ML -JL ^\y\ 6/"
LC
- ^ ^ y l>c^ c^lyl ijljij tir'jil tj^f^^
" ^ 4 » » « » ^ M » . , ~ ' ^ ^ »
Ld
LL
^9
A*
*
Al
^
'Ji^
^r
Ar
A^
£ ( A ^ A ^ I A ^ » ^ t ( J ) / t , J : K - ^ l ^ ^ | ^ t ^ ^ ^ ( ^ U > ^ > ? ^
L(^C^b;ZlflAqA/j_;:i,,IA^Airwie^-L/j>UjUyL;il^il(
A1
NL
Aq
^^1 J>'^Lf</^/':^-t^l-(Jr'*'X3r£T
^ i i i / " ^ » f s ' ' ' b i ^ / « ; /-,•• )J y ( ( < £
-^^>^r^.f(9^roii/^yjjrcJi^^^(iv^(ivc.bb*i
9r
. ^ ^ L^7 L~ ^ ji\ Ur-^ ^ ^^£1 o ^ ^ l/>oT
^c:>^f^ i^*f t ^ <:£ ^ / 3 J c ^ (/>f ^ j ^ 1/
i^^^jt^j-l ^ b | S ^ V c ^ / l ; ^ ; >
-r^fT
9r
9^
** V V •• y
9^
• / *
99
* ** V * I
\*r
L uy u^vi) ujiA J^'L L}/ ^ ( V / ^ * "
• •
I»r
2:^j
• »
rLL^>>y^3j/LLf(3/L{LyCtE:-(rV^ci'
M
\*L
i^r^ff
I •A
iir
ji
(L-.
ir
iir
y
1^
c^>t^ cCuip c^O 5'>^ J:ijj^ (j fe ( / j > ^
in
cl'cii 8^ii^2l (i>bj>>ji (Jji; L L ^ ^ ^ i ei^^ij:!: ^ L T J L ^ I
\r*
• • * *
irr
^U^^j iS^}{<Ui/L Mjii - ^ l:^^ Jut
j>\^'2iLf^ r^c^ui^>i)ra».
irr
• *
j-t>4 Z l Uj::^i;|'l/Lro^i7jl^ 1>/(J. y Jj::^^t7jl
irr
(j"'vUc3>€(JJt^L7c^lyo^L>^
c • I ^ t • • • •
ira
;>(/^>'iiuuyuu!^^tJ'^^I/^'L/^j-^^''-^Jt^*^^
j i A u a t u y ^ ^ / i u v ^ i ^ i ^ c f i l j ^ f
i n
in
ir»
in
i r r
irr
L f C ^ ^ - 2 L l f > r ( / > ^ i ; / y ^ J L f ' i ^ > ^ ' ^ t
iro
ir^
IC*
irr
*
• •. • * •
i r r
^VL U^S:/ Lr^ii f^'l fe'u V J >
* ^>
irr
•
i n
\^L
\(i*
- ^ i/or^ i/6'y LA 6/0yiJ^/i!^^S''i^hh".3iu^V
lor
iar
i^r
* **
l(iD
4(/^^i;.i^y/t ^ i ^ jK^: i^^L ^\j^\jt Wi/^
I(i1
/c^^^uTL^ (jT/^f yi^^vii ^.UeT'^ c ^ ^ i T i / r ^
\CiL
IJ^ J 4 J U Jij/(-L~/r J'L^^ fe^r^ (j:f5il J 7 J
-t>:
^^ji\
V " ~ V 7
IdA
itiq
M*
i i r
nr
nr
n i
M i l
^f) \^Lij 'c^yt 2^ ^ T / r , ^ ^ U
• • • • • • » / * • • • • • • • * •
11*^
^ •
* * •
\L*
\L\
i^r
4f^^-^L)i^'J^>^'(/^iif^y^4^uy^'-/LrLJ^-'^>'>^
iz.r
• • • • ^ • w ^ ' w
\LCi
1^1
