Pengenalan e Commerce untuk Pemanfaatan

(1)

(2)

Name

Richardus Eko Indrajit

Date of Birth

24 Januari 1969

Zodiak

Aquarius

Home Address

Jalan Bangka VIII A No.4

Kemang, Jakarta 12720

Phone/Fax +62 21 7179-0028

Email and Website

eko@indrajit.org

http://www.indrajit.org

A

(3)

Bachelor of Computer Engineering

Surabaya Institute of Technology, Indonesia

Master of Applied Computer Science

Harvard University, USA

Master of Business Administration

Leicester University, UK

Doctor of Business Administration

University of Manyla, Philippines

Candidate Doctor of Information Technology

University of Indonesia, Indonesia

M

(4)

Academe Office

Chairman of Stimik Perbanas

Kuningan, Jakarta Pusat

Consultant Office

CEO Prime Consulting Indonesia

Simprug, Jakarta Selatan

Research Office

Director Renaissance Indonesia

Kebayoran, Jakarta Selatan

Other Offices

G

Lemhannas, Merdeka Selatan

G

University of Indonesia, Salemba

G

Bina Nusantara University, Hang Lekir

G

Trisakti University, Slipi

G

Atmajaya University, Semanggi

G

IPMI-Monash University, Kalibata

M

(5)

Wife

G

Elisabeth Dhany Retno Putri [Lisa A. Riyanto]

(6)

A

Ag

ge

en

nd

da

a ffo

orr T

To

od

da

ayy

G

Introduction

G

Part 1: Principles and New Perspectives of e-Commerce

G

Part 2: Internet Business Models

G

Part 3: Opportunities and Threats of e-Commerce

G

Part 4: World Trend in e-Commerce and ICT Industry

G

Closures

(7)

E

 

Introduction

E

 

Part 1: Principles and New Perspectives of e-Commerce

E

 

Part 2: Internet Business Models

E

 

Part 3: Opportunities and Threats of e-Commerce

E

 

Part 4: World Trend in e-Commerce and ICT Industry

E

 

Closures

(8)

OLD

ECONOMY

INTERNET

ECONOMY

Bridging

S

(9)

OLD

ECONOMY

INTERNET

ECONOMY

Culture ?

Ideology ? Politics ?

Social ?

Religion ?

Business !

Behavior ?

National Defense ?

Education ?

N

(10)

“

Penghasilan

Sebesar-besarnya

dengan

Pengorbanan

Sekecil-kecilnya

”

The Principle of

WEALTH MAXIMIZATION

G

It requires strategy because

of the scarce resources

G

Resource = consist of atoms

which are limited by time and space

O

(11)

10010001

atom

bits

text

image

audio

voice

video

data

information

knowledge

process

real things

abstract things

Bits characteristics:

-

 

easy to duplicate

-

 

cheap to produce

-

 

fast to restructure

-

 

good to represent

unlimited resources

digital economy

D

(12)

Digital Economy + Internet Development =

INTERNET

ECONOMY

INTERNET

ECONOMY

(13)

T

Th

he

e D

De

effiin

niittiio

on

n

E-CONOMY

The virtual arena in which business actually is conducted, value is

created and exchanged, transactions occur, and one-to-one

relationships mature.

E-BUSINESS

Any internet initiative – tactical or strategic – that transforms

business relationships, whether those relationships be business-

to-consumer, business-to-business, intra-business, or even

consumer-to-consumer.

E-COMMERCE

A particular type of e-business initiative that is focused around

individual business transactions that use the net as medium

of exchange, including business-to-business as well as

(14)

(15)

THEME

ECONOMY

ORGANISATION

Knowledge

Knowledge becomes an important

element of products

Knowledge work becomes the basis

of value, revenue, and profit

Digitization

Products and services

’

forms are

transformed into ones and zeros

format

Internal communication shifts from

analog to digital

Virtualization

Physical things (institution and

relationship) can become virtual

The business transformation into

virtual corporations type company

Molecularization

Replacement of the mass media into

molecular media

End of command-and-control

hierarchy, shifting to team-based,

molecular structures

Internetworking

Networked economy with deep and

reach interconnections of economic

entities

Integration of modular, independent,

organizational components for

network of services

Disintermediation

Elimination of intermediaries and any

stand between producers and

consumers

Elimination of middle managers,

internal agents, etc. who boost the

communication signals

N

(16)

THEME

ECONOMY

ORGANISATION

Convergence

Convergence of computing,

communications, and content

Convergence of organizational

structures responsible

Innovation

Innovation becomes the key driver of

business success

The only sustainable advantage is

organizational learning

Prosumption

Gap between consumers and

producers blurs in a number of ways

Consumers of information and

technology become producers

Immediacy

It is a real-time economy that occurs

at the speed of light

Required a new real-time enterprise

that can adjust to changing business

conditions

Globalization

Knowledge knows no boundaries,

there is only a world of economy

The new enterprise enables time and

space independence

Discordance

Massive social contradictions are

arising

Profound organizational

contradictions are arising

N

(17)

DISTRIBUTORS

SUPPLIERS

CUSTOMERS

PARTNERS

Finance and

Management

Manufacturing

and Production

R&D and

Engineering

Procurement

Distribution

Supply Chain

Logistics

Marketing

Advertising

Sales

Customer Care

Inward Focused

Core Business

Process and

Applications

Internet/Intranet/Extranet

T

(18)

1. Power Shift to Customer

2. Global Sales Channel

3. Reduced Costs of Buying and Selling

4. Converging Touch Points

5. Always Open for Business

6. Reduced Time-to-Market

7. Enriched Buying Experience

8. Customization

9. Self-Service

10. Reduced Barriers of Market Entry

11. Demographics of the Internet User

12. Power Shift to Communities-of-Interest

13. Cybermediation

14. Logistics and Physical Distribution

15. Branding: Loyalty and Acceptance Still

Have to be Earned

16. When Most Markets Behave Like the

Stock Market

17. Auctions Everywhere

18. Hyper-Efficiency

1

(19)

S

Siim

mp

plle

e C

Co

om

mm

me

errc

ce

e

Access

Distribution

Customers

Online Ads

Online Orders

Standard Orders

Follow-On Sales

Electronic

Customer Support

Searches

Queries

Surfing

(20)

e

Phone, Fax,, Email

Website

Website, Phone,

Fax, Email

Emailing Lists

SELLLER

BUYER

send info

request info

demos,

reviews

credit cards,

digital cash

P.O.s

(21)

e

eP

Pa

ayym

me

en

ntt S

Syysstte

em

m

E

 

Browser

E

 

Credit card info

E

 

Checking account info

E

 

Digital cash

E

 

Receipt management

E

 

Security

E

 

Transaction management

E

 

Security

E

 

Chargeback/return

management

E

 

Capture/settlement

E

 

Protocol conversion

over SSL or private

network

E

 

Stand-in authorization/

management

E

 

Security

E

 

Financial host interface

E

 

Inventory

E

 

Accounting

E

 

Fulfillment

E

 

Marketing

CONSUMER

MERCHANT/

COMMERCE SERVER

_GATEWAY

ACQUIRING

BANK

Monthly statement,

other communication

between bank and customer

authorization/

settlement

(22)

T

Th

he

e S

Se

ec

cu

urriittyy

THE INTERNET

Recipient

’

s

Public Key

Recipient

’

s

Private Key

Original Message

(plain text)

Encrypted Message

(cipher text)

Encrypted Message

(cipher text)

Original Message

(plain text)

encrypt

(23)

E-commerce

selling products

and services in

the internet

E-Commerce

follows / mimics

how business

is performed

E-Commerce

transforms

the way business

is performed

Follower

New Rules of the Game

M

(24)

Customers

Unrelated

Industry

Corporate

Industry

Similar

Firms

New Types of

Delivery Channels

New Types of

Payment Alternatives

Competitors

Try to offer in a

cheaper-better-faster way

C

(25)

PHYSICAL WORLD of value chain

E

Business on the 80s-90s

E

Business after the year of 2000

VIRTUAL WORLD of value chain

+

N

(26)

1. Flow of Physical/Digital Products

2. Flow of Money/Financial Data

3. Flow of Documents/Information

4. Flow of Services and Other Resources

K

(27)

FIRM INFRASTRUCTURE

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

PROCUREMENT

INBOUND

LOGISTICS

OPERATIONS

OUTBOUND

LOGISTICS

MARKETING

AND SALES

SERVICE

FIRM INFRASTRUCTURE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT PROCUREMENT INBOUND

LOGISTICS OPERATIONS

OUTBOUND LOGISTICS

MARKETING

AND SALES SERVICE

MARKETING

G

 

Industry Based Value Chain

G

Best Practice Oriented

G

Software/Application Minded

G

Physical Flow of Goods

P

(28)

Gather

Organize

Select

Synthesize

Distribute

Business Model:

G

 

Info Based Process

G

 

Flow of Bits

G

 

Bit Restructuring

G

 

Digital Asset

D

(29)

Opportunity in the Internet Economy

T

(30)

P

1

Purchasing

and Inbound

Logistic

Logistic and

Distribution

Supports and

(31)

Customers

Enterprise A

Enterprise B

Enterprise C

Enterprise D

(32)

(33)

P

₁

(34)

P

₁

(35)

P

₁

& Winner

P

₄

Payment

& Settlement

(36)

N

Ne

ew

w T

Tyyp

pe

e o

off C

Co

om

mp

pa

an

nyy

PHYSICAL COMPANY

KNOWLEDGE COMPANY

G

 

Procure

G

 

Inbound Logistics

G

 

Manufacturing

G

 

Transportation

G

 

Distribute

G

 

Delivery

G

 

Customer

G

 

Value-Added Networks

G

 

Internet

G

 

Extranet

G

 

Web TV

G

 

Wide Area Networks

G

 

E-Marketplaces

G

 

Intranet

G

 

Private Network

G

 

Market Strategy

G

 

Product Design

G

 

Marketing

G

 

Customer Management

G

 

Value Network Management

G

 

E-Catalogues

G

 

ERP

G

 

Email

G

 

E-Collaboration

G

 

E-Forms

G

 

WWW

G

 

EDI

G

 

Electronic Funds

G

 

E-Bulleting Boards

(37)

E

 

Introduction

E

 

Part 1: Principles and New Perspectives of e-Commerce

E

 

Part 2: Internet Business Models

E

 

Part 3: Opportunities and Threats of e-Commerce

E

 

Part 4: World Trend in e-Commerce and ICT Industry

E

 

Closures

(38)

Communities

Of Interests

Brochureware

Customer

Interaction

Transaction

Enabler

Real-Time

Organization

Time

Evolution of

Internet Usage

C

(39)

Commodity

Exchanges

Value-Added

Services

Knowledge

Networks

Value Trust

Networks

Value Proposition

C

o

mp

le

xi

ty

B

(40)

S

Sttrra

atte

eg

giic

c R

Re

evvo

ollu

uttiio

on

n

Channel

Enhancement

Value-Chain

Integration

Industry

Transformation

Convergence

Leverage of e-Business

Business

Value

(41)

LOW

Value Integration

HIGH

SELF

ORGANIZING

HIERARCHICAL

Control

T

(42)

Seller

Buyer

O

(43)

Seller

Aggregator

Buyer

A

(44)

Seller

Buyer

Integrator

V

(45)

Value Space

Seller

Buyer

A

(46)

BACK

BACKWARD INTEGRATION

INTERNAL INTEGRATION

FORWARD INTEGRATION

Retail

And

Corporate

Customers

Company Resources

Suppliers

and

Business

Partners

Reach

versus

Richness

Connectivity

Bandwidth

(47)

Corporate Enhancement

Old Company plus Internet

DotCom

Start from Scratch in Internet

Extended Supply Chain

Upstream Connection through Internet

(Suppliers)

Customer Relation

Downstream Connection through Internet

(Customers)

1

2

3

4 F

(48)

S

Customers, Resellers

Selling Chain Management

Customer Relationship Management

Marketing – Sales – Customer Service

Business Partners

Suppliers, Distributors, Resellers

Supply Chain Management

Enterprise Resource Planning

Logistics – Production - Distribution

(49)

Consumer

&

Settlement

Web-Enabled

Call Center

Payment

Source Product

and Delivery

Services

Track and

Trace

Merge in Transit

and Installation

Services

Delivery

Inventory

Management

Availability to

Promise

Business Operations Management

Information flow

Money flow

Physical flow

End

being fulfilled ?

Who is supplying

the product ?

D

(50)

Engineering

Contractor

Value Added

Suppliers

3

rd

_Party

Logistics

Installers

Commodity

Suppliers

Contract

Manufacturing

3

rd

_Party

Service

e-Supply Chain Management

Collaborative Planning

G

 

On-line collaborative planning and forecasting

G

 

Supply chain available-to-promise

G

 

Inventory and order visibility

G

 

Dynamic scheduling and reprioritization

G

 

Real-time decisions based on demand, capacity, costs, and

responsiveness

G

 

Real-time demand profiles

Web Fulfillment

G

 

Real-time capture of customer orders into manufacturing systems

G

 

On-line training and information

G

 

Real-time product information / engineering changes

e-Supply Chain Management

G

 

Utilize information as a substitute for inventory

G

 

Compete on supply chain agility and speed

G

 

View partner collaboration as a strategic asset

E

(51)

Joint Offering

Partners

Indirect Channels

Partners

Existing

Customers

New Customers

New Markets

e-Customer Relationship Management

Real-Time Ordering

G

 

Customer-specific pricing and products

G

 

Accurate order status 24 x 7

G

 

Real-time available-to-promise

Opportunity Management

G

 

Competitive intelligence capability

G

 

Tracking of channel partner performance

G

 

Customer and channel partner incentive programs

Value Added Services via the Web

G

 

Training

G

 

Customer-specific functionality and branding

G

 

Demand full from customers

’

service provisioning

G

 

Cycle time monitoring from lead to installation

Customer and Partner Self-Service

G

 

Interactive customer assistance

G

 

Personalized extranets

e-Customer Relationship Management

G

 

Anticipate customer needs

G

 

View customer information as a strategic asset

G

 

Treat each customer as unique

G

 

Provide single face to customer

G

 

Mine customer information for sales purposes

G

 

Provide integrated multi-channel customer service

C

(52)

P

Po

orrtta

all B

Bu

ussiin

ne

essss

Sell-Side

Sites

1:M

Single supplier

Limited products

Fixed pricing

Inventory risk

Long-term scale

One-to-Many Model

Distribution

Portal

m:M

Few suppliers

Aggregate catalogs

Streamline selling

Larger audience

Many-to-Many Model

Vertical

Exchanges

M:M

Many buyers

Many sellers

Dynamic pricing

Most liquid

Efficient marketplaces

Many-to-Many Model

Procurement

Portals

M:m

Industry giants

Auto, computers

Combine purchasing

Force suppliers to join

Many-to-Many Model

Buy-Side

Sites

M:1

Attract many suppliers

Bid on major buyers

Business

Many-to-One Model

Customer Relation Management

Supply Chain Management

Marketplace Platform Providers

(53)

S

Sttrra

atte

eg

giic

c A

Alllliia

an

nc

ce

ess

Secure High-Speed Backbone

Manufacturing

Third-Party

Logistics

Distribution

Warehousing

Strategic Service Partners

Finance

Human

Resource

Indirect

Processes

Travel

Nonstrategic Service Partners

Commodity

Suppliers (CS)

Value-Added

Suppliers (VAS)

Network

Operations

Partner (NOP)

Application

Service

Provider (ASP)

(54)

E

 

Introduction

E

 

Part 1: Principles and New Perspectives of e-Commerce

E

 

Part 2: Internet Business Models

E

 

Part 3: Opportunities and Threats of e-Commerce

E

 

Part 4: World Trend in e-Commerce and ICT Industry

E

 

Closures

(55)

Know the

Paradigm

Impact on

Existing

Business

Reactive

Action

Highly Possible

Output

Yes

Survive

Yes

No

Business Threat

Yes

No

Yes

Opportunities Taken

Yes

No

Adding Knowledge

No

Yes

Boomerang

No

Yes

No

Dangerous

No

Yes

Gambling Adventure

No

Nice Watcher

(56)

Population

Internet Users

Internet

Business

B2B

B2C

C2C

1

2

3 V

(57)

1. New Business (products/services)

2. New Market (customers)

3. New Revenue (business model)

4. New Company (business transformation)

5. New Image (business community)

6. New Wealth (paradigm shift)

Etc.

Key Points:

A

 

From

“

nothing

”

to

“

existing

”

A

 

From

“

existing

”

to

“

creating

”

A

 

From

“

creating

”

to

“

improving

”

A

 

From

“

improving

”

to

“

growing

”

A

 

From

“

growing

”

to

“

performing

”

T

(58)

1. Loss market share (products and services)

2. Loss revenue (customers)

3. Loss competitive advantage (business model)

4. Loss trust (business community)

5. Loss resources (competition)

6. Loss opportunity (cost)

Etc.

Key Points:

A

 

From

“

performing

”

to

“

stopping

”

A

 

From

“

stopping

”

to

“

decreasing

”

A

 

From

“

decreasing

”

to

“

surviving

”

A

 

From

“

surviving

”

to

“

eliminating

”

T

(59)

AA: Traditional

“

invest

for future

”

going-

concern success

AB: Dark Model

Profitless growth, war

of corporate attrition

AC: Black Hole

Massive company

generates negative

cash flow, never recovers

T

(60)

F

Fo

orrm

mu

ulla

a 4

40 0/

/4

40

0 40%

60%

16%

24%

Total Demand, All Channels

First 40%

Critical Market Penetration

as Online Sector for That Service

Has or Will Achieve Around 40%

Penetration of Overall Demand from

All Channels and Sources.

Second 40%

(61)

CHARACTERISTICS

NET-PHASE 1

NET-PHASE 2

Ideal company

Thin float IPO, all-new online

standalone start up

Second generation bricks

‘

n clicks

hybrid with compelling market

proposition

Foundation investor/shareholders

Individual online investor, buying

anything in current Cant Miss

sector on dips

Institution, adapting value

investment principles to volatile

internet

Key player

Startup originators, early stage

angles, VC, top IPO investment

bankers

Killer model developers, secondary

(mainstream) financiers

Primary management focus

Positioning: Being in the right

sector

Viable business plan that ensures

survival today, segment leadership

tomorrow

Presence

Participation

Domination (40/40)

Market share capture approach

Bottom up

Top down

N

(62)

CHARACTERISTICS

NET-PHASE 1

NET-PHASE 2

Positive cash flow in the future

Communicated via

“

perceptions

management

”

Through specific forecasts and

commitments

Net-Brand development

Reliance on high risk, low-yield,

high-cost traditional media

Extending the few highly

successful key net nameplates and

bricks

‘

n clicks hybrid nameplates

leveraging on traditional market

presence

Mergers and acquisitions emphasis Cross-Dot-Com commercial

contracts with spin as special

alliances

Industry group strategic alliance

announcement: overpromise

Market share capture strategy

Bottom up

Top down

N

(63)

C

Co

om

mm

mo

on

n M

Miisstta

ak

ke

ess

1. “

Field of Dreams

”

Syndrome

2. Inadequate architecture

3. Putting lipstick on a bulldog

4. Islands of webification

5. “

Me too

”

strategies

6. One-time-effort mentality

(64)

C

Co

osstt T

Trra

an

nssp

pa

arre

en

nc

cyy

E

 

Avoid from having a high profit margin

E

Change the product into commodity

E

Weaken customer loyalty to brand

(65)

e

eE

En

nttrre

ep

prre

en

ne

eu

urrssh

hiip

p

1. Understand the principles of

new economy

2. Have a good vision

3. Excellence in working

stamina

4. Able to cope with change

5. Can manage people

6. Collaborate to compete

7. Combine professional with

(66)

(67)

R

Re

eq

qu

uiirre

ed

d S

Sk

kiillllss a

an

nd

d C

Co

om

mp

pe

ette

en

nc

ciie

ess

G

eCommerce Program Managers

G

Enterprise architects

G

Business and Information architects

G

Infrastructure architects

G

Application architects

G

Solution developers

G

Component developers

(68)

W

Wh

ha

att IIss a

an

n IIS

SP

P?

?

ISP - Internet Service Provider

E

Types of ISPs

–

 

Corporate ISPs - target enterprises

–

 

Residential ISPs - offer services to the consumer market

E

Services

–

 

Basic Internet access services through analog dial-up, ISDN,

xDSL, leased-lines or Frame Relay

–

 

e-mail services

–

 

Web hosting (including creation and maintenance services)

–

 

Application hosting (ASP) - corporate applications

(69)

T

(70)

(71)

T

Th

he

e IIS

SP

P’’ss F

Fu

uttu

urre

e

ISPs

(Internet Service Providers)

ISPs

(72)

(73)

C

Customer Service

Account Administration

Billing

Reporting

Site Security & Maintenance

Database Service Storage Management / Capacity Planning

Firewall & Installation Remote Firewall Management DNS Services FTP Email

Browser Directory Basic Web Hosting, Cache, Staging Usenet Search Engnie

Enhanced Directory Publishing Fax InfoXchange Paging Chat BBS/Forums Agents

New Feeds Authentication Encryption IP Voice Realtime Audio/Video Page Generation

Audio/Video Streams URL Controls Call Centre Services MM Players Workflow Tools

Collaboration T

o o

va Plugins Inventory Management Document Archive MM Archive

Transaction Processing Commerce Fulfillment Webcasting

System Integration

Legacy Integration

Service Customization

Custom Programming

Consulting

Training

S

(74)

CUSTOMER LAYER

Business, Consumers,

Families, Communities,

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

At Work, In Public,

In Vehicle, At Home

APPLIANCES LAYER

Personal Computer, Kiosk,

Fax, Telephone, Television,

Intelligent Monitor, PDA

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

Calling, Conferencing, Chatting,

Messaging, Online Support,

Retailer Transaction, Email

CONNECTIVITY

Telecom. Infrastructure

Internet Infrastructure

Managed Network Services

Application Integration Services

COMMUNICATION

Transaction Processing

E-Commerce Based Apps.

Multimedia Features

Workflow Tools

Call Center Services

Solutions Consulting Services

COMMUNITY

Content Providers

Business Verticals

Affinity Groups

SOHO Verticals

Consumer Verticals

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

(75)

EDL Layers

CUSTOMER LAYER

Business, Consumers, Families, Communities,

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

At Work, In Public, In Vehicle, At Home

APPLIANCES LAYER

Personal Computer, Kiosk, Fax, Telephone, Television, Intelligent Monitor, PDA

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

Calling, Conferencing, Chatting, Messaging, Online Support,

Retailer Transaction, Email

CONNECTIVITY

Telecom. Infrastructure Internet Infrastructure Managed Network Services Application Integration Services

COMMUNICATION

Transaction Processing E-Commerce Based Apps.

Multimedia Features Workflow Tools Call Center Services Solutions Consulting Services

COMMUNITY

Content Providers Business Verticals Affinity Groups SOHO Verticals Consumer Verticals

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

E-T

G

PC penetration (0.8%), phone line

penetration (3.67%), and internet

penetration (0.15%) in Indonesia is

the lowest in the South East Asia

region [WDR Research]

G

Facts from the research:

G

21% of the respondents have

subscribed internet at home (in

ten big cities)

G

Prefer to access internet from

office or warnet (83%) due to

cost structure (the growth of

internet users > internet

subscribers)

G

Use the internet for basic

communication such as email

(79%) and surfing (52%)

Trend Highlights:

G

Multimedia features (50%)

G

Entertainment Purposes (62%)

(76)

EDS Layers

CUSTOMER LAYER

Business, Consumers, Families, Communities,

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

At Work, In Public, In Vehicle, At Home

APPLIANCES LAYER

Personal Computer, Kiosk, Fax, Telephone, Television, Intelligent Monitor, PDA

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

Calling, Conferencing, Chatting, Messaging, Online Support, Retailer Transaction, Email

CONNECTIVITY

Telecom. Infrastructure Internet Infrastructure Managed Network Services Application Integration Services

COMMUNICATION

Transaction Processing E-Commerce Based Apps.

Multimedia Features Workflow Tools Call Center Services Solutions Consulting Services

COMMUNITY

Content Providers Business Verticals Affinity Groups SOHO Verticals Consumer Verticals

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

E-T

G

Telkom and Indosat are the main

players in connectivity industry

G

There are approximately 35 active

ISPs

G

More convergent products and

services

G

Fast growing internet community

G

Facts from the research:

G

Criteria in choosing the

internet connectivity and

communication provided by

ISPs: number of internet

subscribers, features, access

speed, and reliability

Highlights:

G

Scalability is the key

G

Free competition, no exclusive rights

(77)

Cost

CUSTOMER LAYER

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

APPLIANCES LAYER

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

CONNECTIVITY

COMMUNICATION

COMMUNITY

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

E-T

G

Facts from the research:

G

The cost of linking to the

internet is expensive:

G

PC

G

Telephone

G

Electricity

G

ISP

G

More people will subscribe

internet as long as the cost is

not expensive (79%)

G

Flat rate for internet

connection is required

Highlights:

G

Telephone pulse/internet is public good

G

Alternative technology that is cheaper

(78)

Speed

CUSTOMER LAYER

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

APPLIANCES LAYER

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

CONNECTIVITY

COMMUNICATION

COMMUNITY

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

E-T

G

Facts from the research:

G

For basic internet features

(email, chatting, and surfing),

the access is low but

acceptable (37%)

G

Become serious problem for

multimedia features:

G

Picture

G

Video

G

Audio

Highlights:

G

Broadband technology

(79)

Reliability

CUSTOMER LAYER

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

APPLIANCES LAYER

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

CONNECTIVITY

COMMUNICATION

COMMUNITY

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

E-T

G

Facts from the research:

G

74% of the respondents have

ever faced problems while

accessing internet

G

65% is uneasy to access

internet

G

71% experiences

“

hang

”

and

“

disconnected

”

G

Average of 72% has a

frequency of once/twice within

4 times access found the

problems:

G

Not easy to access

G

Browsing too long

G

Often disconnected

G

Offen

“

hang

”

Highlights:

G

Service level agreement and penalty

G

Transmission media alternative

(80)

Security

CUSTOMER LAYER

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

APPLIANCES LAYER

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

CONNECTIVITY

COMMUNICATION

COMMUNITY

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

E-T

G

Facts from the research:

G

88.4% knows about purchasing

online through internet

G

But 83.7% has not yet using

internet for purchasing

transaction:

G

No guaranteed payment

security system

G

Afraid of mis-operating the

transaction procedure

G

Example: Not all

companies have been

using internet banking yet

Highlights:

G

Hard and soft security aspects

G

Guarantee from third party

(81)

Scalability

CUSTOMER LAYER

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

APPLIANCES LAYER

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

CONNECTIVITY

COMMUNICATION

COMMUNITY

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

E-T

G

The fast growth of subscribers

should not decrease the

performance (internet access)

G

Switch of ISPs exists due to the

scalability problem (getting slower

as the subscribers grow)

Highlights:

G

Service level agreement and penalty

(82)

Development Stage

G

Facts from the research:

G

59% aware of advertisement in

internet (Level 1:

Brochureware)

G

59% using internet for

business and personal

purposes (Level 2: Customer

Interaction)

G

16% using internet for

purchasing transaction (Level

3: Transaction Enabler)

CUSTOMER LAYER

Institutions

LOCATION LAYER

APPLIANCES LAYER

INTEGRATION

MANAGEMENT LAYER

INTERNET PROTOCOL

LAYER

CONNECTIVITY

COMMUNICATION

COMMUNITY

Mass Market

Devices Layers

Community Layers

Cost

Speed

Scalability

Security

Reliability

E-Technology Infrastructure

E-T

G

Back-office move to front-office (B2B)

(83)

K

Ke

eyy S

Su

uc

cc

ce

essss F

Fa

ac

ctto

orrss

E-Vision

E-Volution

E-Strategy

E-Synchronization

E-Infrastructure

E-Capitalization

(84)

E

 

Introduction

E

 

Part 1: Principles and New Perspectives of e-Commerce

E

 

Part 2: Internet Business Models

E

 

Part 3: Opportunities and Threats of e-Commerce

E

 

Part 4: World Trend in e-Commerce and ICT Industry

E

 

Closures

(85)

E

(86)

H

(87)

(88)

F

(89)

W

(90)

(91)

H

(92)

T

(93)

T

(94)

D

(95)

T

(96)

T

(97)

T

(98)

V

(99)

N

(100)

T

(101)

B

Be

eyyo

on

nd

d tth

he

e e

ea

arrtth

h…

…

+

(102)

T

(103)

(104)

F

(105)

D

(106)

F

(107)

W

(108)

M

(109)

F

(110)

T

Th

ha

an

nk

k Y

Yo

ou

u

Richardus Eko Indrajit

http://www.indrajit.org

eko@indrajit.org

indrajit@post.harvard.edu