Purwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
Pendahuluan
Rekayasa Proses Pangan
(Food Process Engineering)
ITP530
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 Ref.: Original C.J.K. Henry, Proc. Nutrition Soc 56:855-863, 1997;
2011 IFIC Communication Summit – Dave Schmidt, “Alliance to Feed the Future, 24 May 2011
ww
www.ift.org
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ?
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
Napoleon Bonaparte:
Sayembara berhadiah untuk mengatasi permasalahan kekurangan gizi dan keracunan pangan yang melanda tentara Perancis saat itu
1795
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
6
Nicholas Francois Appert
(i) Botol gelas diisi makanan, (ii) Ditutup rapat,
(iii) Dipanaskan dalam air mendidih beberapa saat, lalu
(iv) Didinginkan
Appertization
1804
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
Introduction of Food technology 1864 6
•
Fiber crates•
Cellulose packaging•
Gable-top, waxed milk cartons•
Sliced bread•
Regulations e.g. Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act1930s
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
Introduction of Food technology
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 • Automation • Mass production • Frozen foods • Vending machines 1940s
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 Introduction of Food technology
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
6
• Frozen dinners
• Food for bomb shelters • Frozen, ready-to-eat bakery
goods
• Controlled-atmosphere packaging
1950s
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 Introduction of Food technology
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
• Diet foods
• Process control computers • Clean-in-place
• Aseptic canning
• Drying improvements 1960s
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 Introduction of Food technology
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
6 • Energy efficiency • Water/waste utilization • Membrane processing • Health/organic foods • Computers 1970s
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 Introduction of Food technology
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 • Dechemicalization • Automation • Aseptic processing • Irradiation • Packaging 1980s
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 Introduction of Food technology
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
6 • Intelligent Packaging • Low Carb • Sachet Packaging • Functional Foods 1990s
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 Introduction of Food technology
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 • Aseptic Processing/UHT • Non-thermal Processes • RFID • Nano-Technology • Packaging • Chef-Like 2000s
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 Introduction of Food technology
TEKNOLOGIPANGAN ? –
menjawab berbagai tantangan jaman
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
Hunter-Gatherer Agricultural Industrial 4 million
Years ago Years ago10 000 1800 1900 2000 1 2 3 4 5 W o rld’ s Population (billions) 1850 1930 1960 1976 6
PENDUDUK DUNIA SEKARANG ?
http://www.worldometers.info/world-population/
?
Feb 10, 0015AM
PENDUDUK DUNIA SEKARANG ?
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
Food process engineering
• is a broad field that is concerned with the application of engineering principles and concepts to the handling, manufacturing, processing and distribution of foods.
(R P Singh, R.P. And Heldman, D.R. 2008. Introduction to Food Engineering. Academic Press)
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
• is concerned with feasibility and practicality, that is, will something work and how much will it cost?
• Food engineers are educated to analyze, synthesize, design, and operate complex systems that manipulate mass, energy, and information to transform material and energy into more useful form
Valentas, K.J., Levine, L and Clark, J.P. 1991. Food Processing Operation & Scale-up. Marcel Dekker Incorporated).
Food process engineering
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
• is concerned with feasibility and practicality, that is, will something work and how much will it cost?
• Food engineers are educated to analyze, synthesize, design, and operate complex systems that manipulate mass, energy, and information to transform material and energy into more useful form
Food process engineering
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
• is concerned with feasibility and practicality, that is, will something work and how much will it cost?
• Food engineers are educated to analyze, synthesize, design, and operate complex systems that manipulate mass, energy, and information to transform material and energy into more useful form
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015
X
Y
Nilai Pangan
= x
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
Provide better value of foods
A B
Nilai Pangan
= x
Faktor
Keamanan
Aman JasmaniFaktor
Mutu
Aman rohani DLL Ukuran Gizi Pilihan Fungsionalitas Sensori Etika Lingkungan Kinerja RasaHarga “Waktu” Persiapan
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 Aman rohani
Faktor
Keamanan
Aman JasmaniAMAN ROHANI
• kepercayaan
• AGAMA
• Dll?
• Budaya/Gaya Hidup
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
Provide better value of foods
Provide better value of foods
Aman rohani
Faktor
Keamanan
Aman JasmaniAMAN JASMANI :
Aman dari bahaya
• Kimia
• Fisik
• Mikrobiologi
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 Aman rohani
Faktor
Keamanan
Aman JasmaniREKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
Provide better value of foods
AMAN JASMANI :
Aman dari bahaya
• Kimia
• Fisik
• Mikrobiologi
Nilai Pangan = x
Faktor
Mutu
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ?
DLL Ukuran Gizi Pilihan Fungsionalitas Sensori Etika Lingkungan Kinerja Rasa
Harga “Waktu” Persiapan Aman rohani
Faktor
Keamanan
Aman JasmaniPurwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
“MAKE”
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
Perkembangan 25 tahun terakhir ...
1970
~1980
~1990
~2000
Efisiensi
.- Batch continuous processing - Improving process reliability - Reducing waste products, and - Effective energy utilization
KEAMANAN PANGAN
~2010
“better v a lue of foods” “SERVICE” “MAKE”1970
~1980
~1990
~2000
~2010
“MAKE”+
Melayani kebutuhan masyarakat; Convinience, food serviceKEAMANAN PANGAN
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
Perkembangan 25 tahun terakhir ...
“better v
a
lue
of
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 “CARE” “SERVICE” “MAKE”
1970
~1980
~1990
~2000
~2010
“MAKE” “SERVICE” “MAKE” KEAMANAN PANGAN+
‘Care’ food business : Perawatan kesehatan, kebugaran Perawatan lingkungan Perawatan thd “sosial” fair tradeREKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
Perkembangan 25 tahun terakhir ...
“better v a lue of foods” berlanjut, lebih personal, perscribed food and nutrition “CARE” “SERVICE” “MAKE”
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
... KEDEPAN ? ...
1970
~1980
~1990
~2000
~2010
“MAKE” “SERVICE” “MAKE” KEAMANAN PANGAN “better v a lue of foods”Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 berlanjut, lebih personal, perscribed food and nutrition
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
... KEDEPAN ? ...
• Pemastian : mempertahankan/meningkatkan keamanan pangan berlanjut, lebih personal, perscribed food and nutritionREKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
... KEDEPAN ? ...
• Pemastian : mempertahankan/meningkatkan keamanan pangan
• Mempertahankan kesegaran
• Mempertahankan/meningkatkan kualitas sensori
• Mempertahankan/meningkatkan kualitas gizi
• Mempertahankan/meningkatkan masa simpan
mengurangi kehilangan & kemubaziran • Meningkatkan keramahan thd lingkungan
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 berlanjut, lebih personal, perscribed food and nutrition
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
... KEDEPAN ? ...
• Pemastian : mempertahankan/meningkatkan keamanan pangan
• Mempertahankan kesegaran
• Mempertahankan/meningkatkan kualitas sensori • Mempertahankan/meningkatkan kualitas gizi • Mempertahankan/meningkatkan masa simpan
mengurangi kehilangan & kemubaziran • Meningkatkan keramahan thd lingkungan
• Meningkatkan fungsionalitas
• Meningkatkan peran pangan strategi “preventative health care”
berlanjut, lebih personal, perscribed food and nutrition
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
... KEDEPAN ? ...
• Pemastian : mempertahankan/meningkatkan keamanan pangan
• Mempertahankan kesegaran
• Mempertahankan/meningkatkan kualitas sensori • Mempertahankan/meningkatkan kualitas gizi • Mempertahankan/meningkatkan masa simpan
mengurangi kehilangan & kemubaziran • Meningkatkan keramahan thd lingkungan
• Meningkatkan fungsionalitas
• Meningkatkan peran pangan strategi “preventative health care ”
• Meningkatkan efisiensi proses produksi/pengolahan
Purwiyatno Hariyadi
ITP530, Tahun 2015
Rekayasa proses pangan mempunyai peranan
penting:
Dengan memberikan “better value of foods”
Meningkatkan jumlah individu yang
bisa hidup sehat, aktif dan produktif
REKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
... KEDEPAN ? ...
Jumlah pendudukStatus
Kesehatan
Umum
Status
Kesehatan
Individu yang sehat, aktif dan produktif Status Kurang/ tidak sehat Status Sehat & BugarREKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015 Jumlah penduduk
Status
Kesehatan
Umum
StatusSehat & Bugar Status Kurang/ tidak sehatStatus
Kesehatan
Individu yang sehat, aktif dan produktifREKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
... KEDEPAN ? ...
Jumlah pendudukStatus
Kesehatan
Umum
Status
Kesehatan
Individu yang sehat, aktif dan produktif Status Kurang/ tidak sehat Status Sehat & BugarREKAYASA PROSES PANGAN ? –
Purwiyatno Hariyadi [email protected] ITP530, Tahun 2015