PENGARUH KETERSEDIAAN AIR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TIGA VARIETAS CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens)
ABSTRAK
Penelitian tentang “Pengaruh Ketersediaan Air terhadap Pertumbuhan Tiga Varietas Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens)” telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas MIPA USU Medan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penurunan ketersediaan air terhadap tiga varietas cabai rawit, membandingkan tingkat toleransi cabai rawit varietas Lokal, Genie, dan Bhaskara dan mengetahui pengaruh interaksi tingkat ketersediaan air dan varietas Capsicum frutescens yang memberikan pertumbuhan optimum. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan tiga varietas cabai rawit dan lima tingkat ketersediaan air (kontrol, 75%, 50%, 25% dan 10%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan varietas cabai rawit dan tingkat ketersediaan air berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, diameter akar, Relative Water Content (RWC), berat kering tajuk, berat kering akar, ratio tajuk akar, Efisiensi Penggunaan Air (EPA), klorofil b, total klorofil, tebal daun, kerapatan stomata adaksial dan abaksial, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang dan klorofil a, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang dan klorofil a. Varietas Lokal, Genie dan Bhaskara menunjukkan tingkat toleransi yang berbeda terhadap penurunan ketersediaan air. Interaksi tingkat ketersediaan air dan varietas cabai rawit berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat kering akar, Efisiensi Penggunaan Air (EPA), klorofil a, dan kerapatan stomata abaksial.
Kata kunci: Berat Kering, Cabai, Ketersediaan air, Varietas
EFFECT OF WATER AVAILABILITY ON GROWTH OF THREE Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens) VARIETIES
ABSTRACT
Research on "Effect of Water Availability on Growth of Three Varieties of Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens)" has been done at Plant Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Science USU Medan. The objective of this research was compare the effect of water availability on three chili pepper varieties and tolerance level of Local varieties, Genie, and Bhaskara, and to know the interaction of water avaibility and varieties. The factorial completely randomized design with three chili pepper varieties and five levels of water availability (control, 75%, 50%, 25% and 10%) is used. The results showed varieties of chili pepper and the water availability showed significant effect on plant height, root diameter, Relative Water Content (RWC), shoot dry weight, root dry weight, root shoot ratio, Water Use Efficiency (WUE), chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, leaf thickness, stomatal density of adaxial and abaxial, but no significant effect on stem diameter and chlorophyll a. Varieties of Local, Genie and Bhaskara showed different levels of tolerance to the decline in water availability. The interaction of water avaibility and chili pepper varieties showed significant effect on root dry weight, water use efficiency (WUE), chlorophyll a, and stomatal density of abaxial.
Keywords: chili, dry weight, water avaibility, Variety
