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(12)

i x K A R T S B A Y I R P R A M A D S U N I T S U G

A ANUGRAHA .The Message sRevealed through d n a l a P i r a s a

H H is Confilcts in Dominique Lapierre’ s The Ctiy o fJoy .

: a tr a k a y g o

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O salah satu nove lkarya Dominique Lapierre bejrudu lKota Bahagia .Novelt ersebu tpetramakal idtierbtikan padat ahun 1985 .

n a s e p a d a p s u k o f r e b i n i i d u t

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m an karaktert okoh dalam nove lyang berperan penitng dan membeirkan n a s e p m a l a d i s u b ir t n o

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m r iyangdigunakan untukmenganailsi snoveli ni .Selain tiu , . i n i s i s il a n a g n u k u d n e m k u t n u t e n r e t n i i r a d r e b m u s n a k a n u g g n e m a g u j s il u n e p .i n i l e v o n s i s il a n a g n e m k u t n u n a k p a r e ti d f it k e y b O k it ir K n a t a k e d n e P n a w h a b n a k l u p m i y n e m s il u n e p , t u b e s r e t s i s il a n a i r a

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m -pesan melalu icara tokoh menghadap ikonfilk-konfilk d i h u g g n a t , l a n o i s a r g n a y g n a r o i a g a b e s r e t k a r a k i a y n u p m e m i r a s a H . a ti r e c m a l a d a u m e s i p a d a h g n e m n a h a tr e b t a p a d a i d , u ti r e t k a r a k a u m e s a n e r a K . g n a y a y n e p n a d K . a y n k il f n o

k onfilk-konfilk d idalam certia dibag imenjad idua ,yatiu konfilk i m a l a g n e m i r a s a H a k it e k i d a jr e t l a n r e t n i k il f n o K . l a n r e t s k e k il f n o k n a d l a n r e t n i , l a n r e t s k e k il f n o k k u t n U . k a d it u a t a a y n g n a l u t l a u j n e m n a k a a i d h a k a p a , a m m e li d n o k i d a j n e m a y n i g a b m e m s il u n e

p filk melawan alam dan konfilk melawan a t k a f i p a d a h g n e m s u r a h a i d , m a l a n a w a l e m g n a u jr e b i r a s a H a k it e K . n a a d a e k a p a r e b e b i a y n u p m e m a g u j i r a s a H . i g a l h a l o i d a s i b k a d it a k e r e m n a h a l a w h a b h a l a d a i r a s a H , a m a tr e p n a a d a e K . a y n n i a l h a l a s a m u c i m e m g n a y n a a d a e k n e

p gangguran keitka dia petrama kal ipindah ke Kalkuta sehingga Hasar idan n i k a m e s a y n n a t a h e s e k a k it e k h a l a d a , a u d e k n a a d a e K . a ti r e d n e m a y n a g r a u l e k n a k l u p m u g n e m k u t n u g n a u jr e b s u r a h h i s a m a i d , i n i i s i d n o k n a g n e D . k u r u b m e m y n n a u p m e r e p k a n a n a k h a k i n e m a n u g g n a

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1

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w Theory o fL tierature desc irbed

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y l e s o l c s i tI . e fi l s i h d r a w o t g n il e e f n a m u h f o n o it c e lf e r e h t s i e r u t a r e ti L

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r which we can learn the image o f s a d e n if e d e b o s l a n a c t I . y a w n e tt ir w e h t n i d e s s e r p x e s i t a h t s g n i e b n a m u h

.) 4 9 : 6 5 9 1 ( e fi l n a m u h s t n e s e r p e r h c i h w s tr a f o k r o w e h t

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h g u o r h t d e n i a

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d n a t h g u o h t y e h t t a h w , e fi l n i d e c n e ir e p x e e v a h y e h t t a h w , e fi l n i n e e s e v a h n e m

, s d r o w r e h t o n I . ) 0 1 : 8 5 9 1 ( ” e g a u g n a l f o m u i d e m e h t h g u o r h t e fi l t u o b a t f e l e v a h

w y r a r e ti l e c u d o r p s r o h t u a e h

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d e lt it n e k o o b e h t n

I Reading t he Novel ,Henkle stated tha t“Many of t he

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b story t ha tkeepst her eader’ s

a e t a e r c o t y rt l li w s t s il e v o n y n a m t a h t s n a e m n o it a t o u q t a h T . ) 2 : 7 7 9 1 ( ” t s e r e t n i

. ti d a e r o t d e t s e r e t n i e l p o e p e k a m o t y r o t s g n it s e r e t n i y r e v d n a e v it a e r c y r e v

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(14)

t e g o t n o it a ri p s n i e h t t e g t h g i m t s il e v o n e h t , e fi l f o e c n e ir e p x e n w o r i e h t n o d e s a b

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n some valuable message swhich can en irch the readers ’

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y b n e tt ir w s i h c i h w l e v o n e h t e z y l a n a o t s t n a w r e ti r w e h t s i s e h t s i h t n I

d e lt it n e e r r e i p a L e u q i n i m o

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s i e H . il a g n e B d e ll a c e g a ll i v l l a m s a m o r f t n a s a e p a s i e H . l a

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m e h t r o f y s a e t o n o s l a s i e fi l , a tt u c l a C o t e m o c y e h t r e tf A . e fi l r e tt e b a e k a m

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l e v o n s i h t s e s o o h c r e ti r w e h t ,l e v o n e h t f o y r o t s e h t d n a r e t c a r a h c e h t m o r F

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s e g a s s e m e l b i s s o p e h t s i t a h t , n r a e l d n a t e g n a c r e ti r w e h t t a h t fl e s ti e r u t a r e ti l f o

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(16)

t y a w e h t d n a r e t c a r a h c e h t f o s c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t h g u o r h t d e l a e v e

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.r e t c a r a h C . 1

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t n i t n e v e n a o t t n a v e l e r s i o h w e r u g if a s i e H . m i h e v l o v n i s y a w l

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(18)

6

I I R E T P A H C

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n e e b s a h l e v o n s i h T . s r e t c a r a h c e h t f o e n o h g u o r h t s e g a s s e m s ’ r o h t u a e h t l a e v e r

s i h t r o F . y r o t s s i h t n i d e t s e r e t n i e r a o h w e l p o e p e m o s y b d e z i c it ir c d n a d e z y l a n a

d e t o u q r e ti r w e h t , tr a

p the ciritcism from severa lsources .The fris tciritcism

o n r e c n o c e h t d e r e v il e d e h S . ir a s a ti w r e P u y h a W m o r f s e m o

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.) ii x : 7 0 0 2 ( s r o i v a h e b

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e h t f o f l a h d n o c e s e h t g n ir u d a i d n I f o d n u o r g k c a b l a i c o s e h t , d n o c e s e h T “

m o r f s e c n e u lf n i e h T . y m o n o c e d a b e h t y b d e s u a c l l a e r a y r u t n e c h t e it n e w t

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, d e r e v o c s i d e b n a c h c i h w s e g a s s e m e h t l a e v e r o t y l n o y d u t s s i h t s e c a l p r e ti r w

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(21)

r e h t o n a y b n e e s s a r e t c a r a h C . b

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(22)

t n e m m o c t c e ri D . g

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r p y l n o r o h t u

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y r o t s a n i s r a e p p a s y a w l a t a h t l a u d i v i d n i r o e r u g if a s i r e t c a r a h C . n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c

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s ’ r e t c a r a h c m o r f n e e s e b n a c t a h t y r o t s e h t n i n o it i s o p s i d s ’ r e t c a r a h c o t d e t a l e r

. y r o t s a n i s n o it c a e r d n a t h g u o h t ,r o i v a h e b , h c e e p s

t c il f n o C f o y r o e h T . 2

ll i w e n o y r e v E . e fi l s ’ e l p o e p n i s r a e p p a s y a w l a t c il f n o

C expeirence a

n a c t a h t g n i k n i h t f o w e i v t n e r e f fi d a s a h n o s r e p h c a e e s u a c e b e fi l ri e h t n i t c il f n o c

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d eremaybet he

d n a t s t a h t s e c n a t s m u c ri c e h t t s n i a g a r o , e t a f t s n i a g a t s i n o g a t o r p a f o t c il f n o c

s i t c il f n o c e h t , s k r o w e m o s n i d n a , fl e s m i h t e s s a h e h l a o g a d n a m i h n e e w t e b

. ) 8 2 1 : 1 8 9 1 ( d n i m n w o f o s ’r e t c a r a h c a n i s e u l a v r o s e ri s e d g n i s o p p o n e e w t e b

r o c c

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s a s n o it a u ti s s u o ir a v n i r u c c o y a m s t c il f n o c t a h t e t a t s o s l a y e h T . ) 7 0 1 : 6 8 9 1 (

. w o l e b d e b ir c s e

d

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. c t e d n a e d il s d n a l , o d a n r o t , e k a u q h tr a e , m r o t s , d o o lf , e n a c ir r u h s a

.

b As rtuggleagains tanothe rperson

h ti w l a e d y e h t n e h w e l g g u rt s s ’ r e t c a r a h c e h t s t n e s e r p t

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(24)

.

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e h t s w o h

s srtuggilng of t he characte rwhen t hey rty t o change t hei rown fate o r

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. w o l e b n e e s e b n a c s t c il f n o c e s o h t f o n o it p ir c s e d e h T . t c il f n o c l a n r e t x e

t c il f n o C l a n r e t n I . a

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g n i h t e m o s e r o f e b o d o t t a h w t u o b a f l e s m i h h ti w g n i u g r a y r o t s e ri t n e e h t s d n e p s

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.r e t c a r a h c r e h t o n a y b d e s o p p o s i t s i n o g a t o r p e h T . s r e t c a r a h c s r e h t o e h t t s n i a g a

a h ti w s t h g if e h y lt n e u q e r

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.

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s a h c u s , tr a f o k r o w y n a n i d n u o f e b n a c t a h t t n e m e l e n a s i e g a s s e M

k o o b s i h n i n o s d u H y r n e H . y l s u o i c s n o c n u r o y l s u o i c s n o c r e h t e h w , e r u t a r e ti

l “An

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o t s e ir t n e v e e h , t c a f n I . k r o w r i e h t g n i s u y b s e it il i b i s s o p e s o h t w o h s o t d n a l l e t

(25)

s e u l a v n a m u h n o d e s a b n r e tt a p w e n s e t a e r c t i t u b m r o n r o n r e tt a p l a r e n e g

) 3 2 : 8 5 9 1 (

k o o b s i h n i ,r e t n u H d n a y t a e B o t g n i d r o c c

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e b n a c t a h t n o i s u l c n o c y s a e e m o s r o g n i n a e m l a e r e h t s a d e n if e d s i e g a s s e m

d e z ir a m m u s r o d e t a t s y l p m i

s inside a work o far t(1989:899) .In othe rwords ,

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. k r o w y r a r e ti l a , e s a c s i h t

t a h t n o s s e l l a c it c a r p o t d e t a l e r n o it s e g g u s s a d e d n e t n i s i y r o t s a n i e g a s s e M

e h t y b n e k a t e b n a

c reader sthrough the story .They are closely related to the

a n i m e h t d n if n a c s r e d a e r e h T . r o i v a h e b d n a , e d u ti tt a s a h c u s , e fi l n i s m e l b o r p

s ti h g u o r h t y r o t s e h t n o d e t c e lf e r e r a y e h t s a s r e n n a m e m a s e h t n i , e fi l l a e r

.s r e t c a r a h c

e t u b ir t s i d s i e g a s s e m e h

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T analyze

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m e l b o r p n i d e t a t s s n o it s e u q e h t r e w s n a o t e g a s s e m f o y r o e h t d n a , t c il f n o c

e z y l a n a o t d e s u e b n a c n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c d n a r e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t e h T . n o it a l u m r o f

s ’l a P i r a s a

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(26)

e h t s e k a t r e ti r w e h t e c n i s t n a tr o p m i d e r e d i s n o c s i t c il f n o c f o y r o e h T

s e g a s s e

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.r e h t o e h t h ti w d n a m i h h ti w t c il f n o c e h t s a h r e t c a r a h c

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t a h w r o o d o t d a h e h t a h w d i d i r a s a H t a h t s e e s r e ti r w e h t , n o it c a s ’i r a s a H h g u o r h T

h t m o r F . t o n r o s g n i h t t h g ir e h t e n o d s a h e H . o d o t t o n d a h e

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y B . e l o r t n a tr o p m i n w o r i e h t e v a h d n a t n a tr o p m i e r a s e ir o e h t e h t f o l l A

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(27)

5 1

I I I R E T P A H C

Y G O L O D O H T E M

.

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a s e g a s s e m w e n r o f d e h c r a e s y l s u o u n it n o c s a

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t ir i p s , e v a r b r i e h t s w o h s e r r e i p a L e u q i n i m o D . e fi l r i e h t n i s e it l u c if fi d y n a m e r a

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(28)

y li m a f ’ s r e h t o r b s i h d n

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ti r c e v it c e j b o e h t s e s o o h c r e ti r w e h T . h c a o r p p a n i a tr e

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e h t n o s i s y l a n a s ti s e s u c o f y d u t s s i h t ,t c e j b u s e h t y b g n i n r e c n o

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r a d n o c e

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(30)

8 1

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S I S Y L A N A

f o r e w s n a e h t d n a k r o w y r a r e ti l e h t f o s i s y l a n a e h t f o s t s i s n o c r e t p a h c s i h T

a t s ri f e h T . n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h

t nalysi sdeal swtih the characteirzaiton o f

d ri h t e h T . s t c il f n o c s ’l a P i r a s a H h ti w g n il a e d s i s i s y l a n a d n o c e s e h T . l a P i r a s a H

d n a n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c s ’l a P i r a s a H h g u o r h t s e g a s s e m e h t l a e v e r o t s i s i s y l a n a

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d e t a l u m r o f e h t r e w s n a o t d e s u e b l li w o w t r e t p a h c n i d e t n e s e r p e r e w t a h t s e ir o e h T

.s m e l b o r p

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y -old ch lid ,and Shambu ,a six-y s-ear old chlid .When he was i n Bengail ,he

.r e m r a f a s a d e k r o w

.

1 Ra itonal

s i ir a s a H , y r o t s e h t n

I descirbed a sa raitona lperson .Hasair i sapeasan t

n a c e h , r e v e w o H . g n i v il r o f s e o d e h t a h w d n a f l e s m i h f o d u o r p s i o h

(31)

e d ir

p when i tdeal swtih cetrain stiuaiton and being raitona lby thinking clealry

s i h e v a s o t r e d r o n i t o n r o n o it o m e s i h g n i w o ll o f s i t a h t n o it i d n o c a s e c a f e h n e h w

. y li m a f

k o o b s i h n i y b n r o H o t g n i d r o c c

A Oxford Advanced Learner’ sDicitonary

, h s il g n E t n e r r u C f

o tii sstatedt hatt hemeaningofr aitonali sablet ot hinkclealry

. ) 1 5 2 1 : 7 0 0 2 ( s n o it o m e n a h t r e h t a r n o s a e r n o d e s a b s n o i s i c e d e k a m d n a

t u o n e v i g g n i e b s a w d o o f t a h t d r a e h s r e g a ll i v y r a u n a J f o g n i n n i g e b e h t t A

n o o n t s ri f e h t t A . y a w a s e li m y t n e w t t u o b a , l a ti p a c t c ir t s i d e h t n

i ewanted

t u B “ . y a s o t r e t a l s a w l a P i r a s a H ” ,s r a g g e b t o n , s t n a s a e p e r e w e W ” . o g o t

s r u o n g i s e r o t d a h e w n e r d li h c d n a n e m o w e h t f o e k a s e h t r o

f elve sto

2 9 9 1 ( y ti r a h c g n it p e c c

a : -19 20) . o

it a t o u q e h t m o r

F n above, i tcan beseen t ha ta tthe fris t itmeHasa ir P la

t t p e c c a o t d e s u f e

r ha tchartiybecauseo fhi sp irdeo fbeing apeasant ,bu twheni t

,s ’ e fi l y li m a f s i h h ti w s l a e

d Hasar ichanged hi smindandacceptedtha tchartiyf o r

. n e r d li h c d n a n e m o w e h t f o e k a s e h t

s a

H ar’i satttiude when he accepts tha tchartiy sho ws tha thei sa raitona l

. n o s r e

p Eventhough att hef ris t itmeheha sasrtongf eeilng ofr especti nghimsel f

i ,t n a s a e p a s

a nstead o ffollowing hi sfeeilng o remoiton, Hasar imakes decision

. y ti l a n o it a r s i h n o d e s a b

a e d i e h t s n e h t g n e rt s t a h t t c a f r e h t o n

A tha tHasar ii sa raitona lperson i s

d a h i r a s a H , b o j o n d a h l li t s e h t u b , a tt u c l a C o t o g d a h e h s y a d l a r e v e s r e tf a n e h w

e b t s u m e h , e m it t a h t t A . y li m a f s i h r o f d o o f e m o s y u b o t t f e l y e n o m e r o m o n

r p s i h e c u d e r o t n o i s i c e d a g n i k a m y b l a n o it a

r ide a sapeasan tand do something

(32)

i r a s a H , s a n a n a b y u b o t y e n o m e r o m o n h ti w , g n i h c r a e s f o y a d d ri h t r e tf A

e r o f e B . t n a s a e p d u o r p a r o f n o it a il i m u h e m e r p u s f o t c a n a o t d e c u d e r s a w

d e k c i p e h , n o it a t s y a w li a r e h t o t k c a b y a w s i h g n i k a

m upallt hepeeilng s 2

9 9 1 ( d n if d l u o c e h s p a r c s d n

a :26) .

s i h s e b ir c s e d r o h t u a e h t t a h t n e e s e b n a c t i , e v o b a n o it a t o u q e h t m o r F

e h y ll a u t c a t a h t s n a e m t I . ” t n a s a e p d u o r p a r o f n o it a il i m u h e m e r p u s “ a s a n o it c a

f g n i k c i p t u o b a g n il e e f e l b a tr o f m o c n u e m o s s a

h ood on the srtee,t i n sptie o fhi s

ir

p de o fbeingapeasant .Howeve,ri nt ha tkindofs tiuaitonhenoitces tha tnothing

y li m a f s i h r o f s p a r c s d n a s g n il e e p e h t l l a p u g n i k c i p t p e c x e o d t o n n a c e h e s l e

.l a e

m A tfe rno itcing hi sown stiuaiton ,Hasar imakes a decision t o pu taside hi s

e l b a tr o f m o c n

u feeilngandpicks upallt hepeeilng sands crap sheca n if nd.

a s a n o it c i p e d s ’i r a s a H f o a e d i e h t s n e h t g n e rt s t a h t n o it a u ti s r e h t o n A

g e b o t o g o t r e t h g u a d s i h t e l o t ir a s a H d e t s e g g u s e fi w s i h n e h w s i n o s r e p l a n o it a r

t

a the en rtanceof t he staiton .At t he fris t itme hi swfie cameou twtih t hati dea ,

t h g u o h t e h e s u a c e b s a w a e d i t a h t d e s u f e r ir a s a H y h w n o s a e r e h T . ti d e s u f e r ir a s a H

y e h t t a h t d e z il a e r e h r e tf a , r e v e w o H . r a g g e b a e b t o n d l u o h s y e h t ,t n a s a e p a s a t a h t

y ll a e

r needed money i n ordert o cover t hei rdaliy need sand t hefactt ha thestli l

. g e b o t o g n e r d li h c s i h t e l y ll a n if i r a s a H , b o j o n d a h

“Tha tevening my wfiesuggested t ha tou rdaughter ,Amrtia ,go t o beg a t e

m a h s h ti w d e m l e h r e v O . n o it a t s e h t o t e c n a rt n e e h

t and despari ,shewep t .

e k o p s e h s s

a Wewerepeasant ,no tbeggar .s”Thepal scould notr econclie y e h t t h g i n d n a y a d e r o m e n o r o F . a e d i n a t n e r r o h b a o s o t s e v l e s m e h t

l ri g e lt ti l ri e h t t n e s y e h t , y a d g n i w o ll o f e h t n o e k o r b n w a d s a , t u b d e ti a w

t o r b o w t r e h d n

a herst ot akeupt hei rposiiton swheret he irch rtaveler sgo t h

t f o t u

o erit axi sandp irvatecars( 1992:27 .) a

h t s w o h s n o it a t o u q t a h

T the sitll t hink sabou thi sp irde .Bu tbecausehi s

ir

(33)

s i t I . n o s r e p l a n o it a r a s i i r a s a H t a h t a e d i e h t n e h t g n e rt s s n o it a t o u q e s o h t l l A

e k a m e h y a w e h t y b d e v o r

p s hi sdecision sbasedonar eason r athert hanemoiton .

y

B accepitng the chartiy ,picking up al lthe peeilng sand scrap sfo rhi sfamliy

l a e

m and by l etitng hi sch lidren go t o beg i n t heraliway staiton ,Hasairi sbeing

t g n i d n o p s e r n i l a n o it a

r ha tkind so fstiuaiton by deciding to do t hoseaciton sand

w o ll o f t o

n i nghi semoitoni nordert os avehi sfamliy.

.

2 Tough

g u o t s i H . n o s r e p h g u o t a s i ir a s a

H hnessi sshowni n t hewayhedeal swtih

. y r o t s e h t g n ir u d m e l b o r p s i

h According t oHornbyi n hi sbook Oxford Advanced

, h si l g n E t n e r r u C f o y r a n o it c i D s r e n r a e

L tii sstated t hatt hemeaningoft oughi s

i d n o c t l u c if fi d h ti w y ll u f s s e c c u s l a e d o t h g u o n e g n o rt

s iton so rstiuaitons .In the

r e h t a f s i h , m e l b o r p l a i c n a n if a d a h y li m a f s ’l a P e h t n e h w y r o t s e h t f o g n i n n i g e b

o t y ti n u tr o p p o b o j r e h t o n a r o f k o o l o t a tt u c l a C o t il a g n e B m o r f e v o m o t m i h d e k s a

e p o h y l n o e h t s i e h e s u a c e b y li m a f s ’l a P e h t r o f y e n o m e m o s n i a

g fo rhisf amliyo f

e v l e w t m i h e v a g y l n o r e h t a f s i h , il a g n e B t f e l ir a s a H n e h W . n o it a v r a t s f o g n i y d t o n

d n a , a tt u c l a C o t p ir t s i h r o f y e n o m e h t e s u o t i r a s a H o t d i a s r e h t a f s i H . e e p u r

o s d n e s d l u o c i r a s a H t a h t d e p o

h memoneywhateve rhecould( 1992:20) .

h t n

I estorywhen Hasar icamet oCalcuttaatt hef ris titme ,hehadnobody

n i b o j a t e g o t w o h d n a a tt u c l a C t u o b a g n i h t y n a w o n k t o n d i d i r a s a H . m i h p l e h o t

t u c l a

C ta .Hewa sgoingt o rtyandmakecontac twtihayoungmanf romhi svillage

a m u K m e r P s a w e m a n e s o h

w r ,whowa sworkinga sacolilei nt hemarke to fBara

(34)

g n i k o o l t p e k d n a p u e v a g r e v e n e h t u b , t c a f t a h t d e z il a e r ir a s a H . g n i h t y s a e n a t o n

. n a m g n u o y t a h t r o f

e h , l u f h c t a w r e v

E scru itnized every cooileand rtadesman and quesitoned a h c u s n i d n e ir f s i h d n if o t m i h p l e h d l u o c e l c a ri m y l n o t u b , s r e r a e b e h t ll a

d e u s r u p e h s s e l e h t e n o N . s s a m g n i h t e e

s hiss earchunit lnighftall( 1992:26 .)

t o l a d e c a f i r a s a

H o fproblems when hef ris tcamet o Calcutta ,hehad no

, y li m a f e h t f o d a e h e h t d n a r e h t a f a s A . y a t s o t e c a l p d n a b o

j he ha s a

e v i g o t y ti li b i s n o p s e

r hi sfamliy asafe placet o stay and give hi sfamliy food t o

r e m o c w e n s a n o it i d n o c s i h t u b , b o j a s d e e n y ll a e

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