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Journal de Th´

eorie des Nombres

de Bordeaux

17

(2005), 517–525

On the Galois group of generalized Laguerre

polynomials

par

Farshid HAJIR

`

A Georges Gras, `

a l’occasion de son 60`

eme anniversaire

R´esum´e. En utilisant la th´eorie des polygones de Newton, on obtient un crit`ere simple pour montrer que le groupe de Ga-lois d’un polynˆome soit “grand.” Si on fixe α ∈ Q−Z<0,

Fi-laseta et Lam ont montr´e que le Polynˆome Generalis´e de Laguerre L(nα)(x) =Pnj=0 nn

−j

(−x)j/j! est irr´eductible quand le degr´en est assez grand. On utilise notre crit`ere afin de montrer que, sous ces hypoth`eses, le groupe de Galois deL(nα)(x) est soit le groupe altern´e, soit le groupe sym´etrique, de degr´e n, g´en´eralisant des r´esultats de Schur pourα= 0,1,±1

2,−1−n.

Abstract. Using the theory of Newton Polygons, we formulate a simple criterion for the Galois group of a polynomial to be “large.” For a fixedα∈Q−Z<0, Filaseta and Lam have shown

that thenth degree Generalized Laguerre Polynomial L(nα)(x) =

Pn

j=0

n+α n−j

(−x)j/j! is irreducible for all large enough n. We use our criterion to show that, under these conditions, the Ga-lois group ofL(nα)(x) is either the alternating or symmetric group onnletters, generalizing results of Schur forα= 0,1,±1

2,−1−n.

FarshidHajir

Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of Massachusetts

Amherst, MA 01003-9318 USA E-mail:[email protected]

Manuscrit re¸cu le 23 juin 2004.

Mots clefs. Galois group, Generalized Laguerre Polynomial, Newton Polygon.

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