RECLAMATION AND
REVEGETATION
(AFTER COAL MINING OPERATION
)
(PROBLEMS AND SOLUTION )
Dr. Yadi Setiadi
Dr. Yadi Setiadi
Mined Land Rehabilitation Specialist
Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University
Kampus IPB, Darmaga, Bogor
Tropical Rain Forest Function
Conserve soil and water
Supporting biodiversity
N
atural resources
Control climatic conditions
Water cycle processes
Carbon sequestration
Genetic resources
Habitat for flora and fauna
Illegal logging
Forest
fires
Agriculture
development
Timber plantations
Estate crops
plantations
Shifting cultivation
Transmigration
Mining Operations
Character Degraded Mined Land
Loss of vegetation
Disturbed ecosystem
Erosion and run-off (sedimentation,
contamination)
Reduce native species biodiversity
Damages to wildlife habitat
Damages of watershed area
Changes natural landscape
Exposed
Loss of root and crown function
No vegetation
Loss of supporting biodiversity
No top soil and sub-soil
Loss of land productivity
Land stability
Land slides and erosion
Poor soil
poor survival and poor growth
p
erformance
Government Regulation for Mined Land
Reclamation and Revegetation
FORESTRY DEPT
NO change the structure and function of the forest
Conduct reclamation and reforestation
Protect the forest from illegal logging, and land occupancy
ENVIRONMENTAL DEPT
Conduct mitigation measures for the significant impacts :
(
contamination of heavy metals, aggressive occupation of alien species
)
Minimize forest destruction (foot print)
Conduct Biological conservation
ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES DEPT
Land stability and Erosion control
Successful Standard Criteria for Reclamation and Revegetation
No. Kegiatan Reklamasi / Obyek Kegiatan Parameter Rencana Standar Keberhasilan Pelaksanaan1. Luas area yang ditata (Ha) > 80 %
2. Stabilitas timbunan (%) tidak ada longsoran
1. Luas area yang ditimbun (Ha) > 80 %
2. Stabilitas timbunan (%) tidak ada longsoran
1. Luas area yang ditebar (Ha) > 75 %
2. pH tanah 5 - 6
1. Saluran drainase (%) tidak terjadi erosi
2. Bangunan pengendali erosi (%) tidak terjadi alur erosi
3. Kolam pengendap sedimen (%) sesuai BML
1. Pengelolaan material (% Volume) sesuai rencana
2. Pengelolaan AAT (%) sesuai BML
1. Luas area penanaman (Ha) > 80 %
2. Jenis tanaman sesuai rencana
- Cover crop sesuai rencana
- Fast growing sesuai rencana
- Tanaman lokal sesuai rencana
3. Pertumbuhan tanaman (%) > 80 %
a. Penutupan tajuk > 80 %
1. Pemupukan sesuai kebutuhan
2. Pengendalian gulam, hama&penyakit sesuai kebutuhan
3. Penyulaman sesuai kebutuhan
b. Penimbunan kembali lahan bekas tambang
d. Pengendalian erosi dan pengelolaan air
b. Penanaman
b. Pemeliharaan
Revegetasi dan Pekerjaan Sipil
Penyelesaian Akhir 1.
2.
3.
c. Penebaran tanah zona pengakaran
a. Pengelolaan material pembangkit AAT a. Penataan permukaan lahan
Penatagunaan Lahan
Standard Criteria for Revegetation success
a. Pengisian kembali lubang bekas tambang > 80% sesuai rencana sesuai document b. Luas areal yang ditata > 80% sesuai rencana sesuai document c. Kestabilan longsor (< 5%) tidak ada longsoran presentase kejadian longsor d. Penaburan tanah pucuk > 80% > 75% sesuai document e. pH Tanah - - - > 5-6 sesuai analisis tanah a. Bangunan konservasi tanah ≥ 90% tidak terjadi erosi
- Jumlah fisik bangunan sesuai document - - - Kondisi bangunan berfungsi - -
b. Penanaman cover crop > 80% sesuai rencana sesuai document c. Erosi dan sedimentasi erosi ≤ 5% tidak terjadi erosi persentase luas erosi d. Pengelolaan Material Pembangkit AAT - - -
- Pengelolaan Material - - - sesuai rencana sesuai document - Kolam Pengendap Sedimen - - - kualitas air sesuai BML pH, TSS, Al, Fe, Mn a. Luas penanaman > 80 % > 80 % sesuai document b. Persentase tumbuh > 80 % > 80% secara sampling c. Jumlah tanaman ≥ 625 phn/Ha sesuai document sesuai document d. Komposisi jenis jenis lokal ≥ 40% Tanaman lokal ≥ 40% sesuai document
- Tanaman fast growing - - - sesuai rencana Model 1 {hanya Pioner (Lokal Potensial)} - Tanaman lokal - - - sesuai rencana Model 2 {Pioneer dan Primer (lokal)} e. Kesehatan tanaman > 80 % > 80% secara sampling
f. Penutupan tajuk - - - > 80% secara sampling
g. Pemeliharaan - - - sesuai kebutuhan pemupukan ; pengendalian gulma, hama&penyakit ; penyulaman
Penataaan Permukaan Lahan
Pengendalian Erosi dan Sedimentasi
Revegetasi
No. PerMenESDM N0. 07 Tahun 2014 Standar keberhasilan M TM
Checklist : M = Memenuhi ; TM = Tidak Memenuhi
1
Saluran drainase, checkdam, beronjong, turap, dll. (Kesesuaian dalam jumlah
dan spesifikasi) & fungsi
2
3
Keterangan TM
Standar keberhasilan
Kriteria / Indikator / Parameter PerMenHut No. 60 Tahun 2009 M
Planning Consideration
Land conditions
(
derelict
)
Status of forest function
(Forestry or APL )
Government regulations
(Revegetation Planning, Guide line, Criteria)
Post mining land use
(multi stakeholde, AMDAL)
Planting strategies
FIELD SURVEY
Trees species
selection and
propagation
• Suitable, potential local
species, regulasi
Nursery and
Planting stock
• Planting size, seedling
quality, compacted and
activated root
Land-reconstruction
and site preparation
• Land stabilization, leveling , top
soiling, and prevent erosion,
