CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Sanggam (2007:1) says, “Language is a unique human inheritance that plays the very important role in human’s life, such as in thinking, communicating ideas, negotiating with others”.
It is true that the language is a unique thing, it can be seen that though human being mix different words of different language, the human still understand.
English is use as the dominant International language. Almost in all aspects, such as communications, sciences, entertainments, diplomacy, aviation, business, and the internet, using English. Therefore, to study English, learners needs to look no further than internet or media, which is dominate as English language.
English as the most widely taught and understood language in the world, and sometimes is describe as a lingua franca. English language is the determined as the first foreign language to be teaching in Indonesia. It is conducted in national curriculum. It has already taught at the primary school level up to the university level. Therefore, in learning English, students must acquire the four language skills, i.e. listening, speaking, reading and writing. Up to now, the study of English has probably focused on the study of English grammar, and how sentences formed in English.
That is why in this modern era which full with global competition like at this time, mastery of English is a very valuable asset for academics student and professionals in all fields. Nowadays, as an International Language, the usage of English more widely and intensively almost on Faculty, Schools, Departments and specialties offered by institutions of higher education. In addition, scientific literature including various religious studies are also becoming much written in English. Therefore, a more adequate skills in applying the rules of English grammar is imperative undue negotiable.
is able to communicate in two languages, regional languages and the national language or the first language and second language. A person who mastered more than one language will not be aware of or exposed to the effects / consequences of the use of 2 (or more) languages. Some of them are symptoms of code switching and code mixing.
Hymes (1974: vii) said that sociolinguistics could be taken to refer to use of linguistic data and analyses in other disciplines, concerned with social life, and conversely, to use of social data and analyses in linguistics. The word could also be taken to refer to correlations between languages and societies, and between particular linguistic and social phenomena.
Hudson (1980) defines that in code-switching the point at which the languages change corresponds to a point where the situation change, either on its own or precisely because the languages changes. There are other cases, however where a fluent bilingual talking to another fluent bilingual changes language without any change at all in the situation. This kind of alternation is called CODE-MIXING for conversational code-switching.
Nowadays, we need some media to know some information. There is television, Radio, Magazine, etc. when we watching television, we found some information within the picture and sound there, from radio, we just heard the voice of announcer in brought that program throughout the air. From magazine, we find some picture there that is related with the information that we want to read there, we will not heard voice there. In writing some information, it must have creativity so that the people who want to read our article is interested. Many tricks that used by the writers, such as, take the picture in that information, the usage of language that is interested to many people, etc.
Usually “CHIC” consist of 130 pages. It has many topics, such as People that tell about many people that is famous in the world, Chic Online and Ala Mode that tell about fashion, about relationship, cover story, etc. Also CHIC have the short story. And the writer choose “story” that tell about the short story as the source of data.
The writer choose this also because this is tell about the story that is happened to many people or maybe this the experienced of the creator of the story. The creator of the story is Indonesian people. This is showed us that Indonesian people is usual to mix their language even in our country’s language (Batak, Java, etc) or maybe the other country language (English, France, etc).
The writer of the story mix the language so that it interested to read by many people because the people that usual to read the short story is the teenager or maybe the woman and as the writer said before, the people in Indonesia is usual to mix their language. They mix it because they think it impressive and good. It also done because when the writer of the short story wrote their short story, there are the word who can’t explained by them into the right Bahasa Indonesia.
For example:
1. Kita sangat excited untuk menjalankan bisnis baru ini, sepertinya dari beberapa cabang yang sudah kita buka, orang-orang tertarik untuk mencobanya.
Basically, the conversation that write in this magazine causes interference for Bahasa Indonesia. The writer in this magazine, switch or mix their language both English and Bahasa Indonesia. They mix and switch their utterance when interviewer ask them because they were actor and actress that is usual for go international. They must cover two language, and that language usually English and Bahasa Indonesia.
Chaer and Agustina (1995:163) says, “Penggunaan serpihan kata, frasa, dan klausa dari bahasa lain yang terdapat di dalam kalimat dapat juga dianggap
sebagai Interferensi pada tingkat kalimat”. It means that the use of fragments of
words, phrases, and clauses from other languages contained in the sentence can also considered as interference at the sentence level.
Interference occurs as an automatic transfer because of the learner’s habit or because the two languages that are learned are not well separated. As English is learned by speakers of various languages across the world, interferences of other languages in English are pretty common. What has been described before as forms of the non-native English varieties or the sub-standard ones may all be included as interferences. Thus, the sentences my sister, the expression okay lah, or think is pronounced /tink/, with is pronounced /wit/, are example of interferences.
1.2 Problems of the Study
Based on the description stated in the background of this thesis that there are three questions drawing, they are:
1. How many kinds of code-mixing in the text that can be found in Story of “CHIC”?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The objective of this study can be formulated as follows:
1. To find out kinds of code mixing used in story “CHIC” that using by the writers of the story.
2. To see the factors that influenced the short story of “CHIC” based on Dell Hymes theory.
1.4 Scope of the Study
1.5 Significance of the Study
This research is expected to provide benefits for the practical and theoretical developments in general linguistics and sociolinguistics in particularly. Practical benefit is closely related to understand code mixing, to know more about code-mixing, and to know how many types code-mixing.
The theoretical benefit this research is to help explain aspects of the language that cannot be reached by the description of syntax, morphology, phonology, and semantics in linguistic studies.
Furthermore, the writer hopes that this research can enrich the sociolinguistics literature.
Nasution (1988:5) says, “Penelitian kualitatif pada hakekatnya ialah mengamati orang dalam lingkungan hidupnya, berinteraksi dengan mereka, berusaha memahami bahasa dan tafsiran mereka tentang dunia sekitarnya”.
