TEXTUAL FUNCTIONS IN THE TEXT OF SEJARAH SIBOLGA
A THESIS
Submitted to English Applied Linguistics Study Program State University of Medan in Partial Fulfillment Requirements for the Degree of Magister Humaniora
By:
NOVA ANDRIANI
Registration Number: 8106111061
ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
TEXTUAL FUNCTIONS IN THE TEXT OF SEJARAH SIBOLGA
A THESIS
Submitted to English Applied Linguistics Study Program State University of Medan in Partial Fulfillment Requirements for the Degree of Magister Humaniora
By:
NOVA ANDRIANI
Registration Number: 8106111061
ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTICS STUDY PROGRAM POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
i ABSTRACT
ANDRIANI, NOVA. Registration Number :8106111061.Textual Functions in the text of Sejarah Sibolga.A Thesis. Postgraduate School, English Applied Linguistic Study Program. The State University of Medan.2014.
The objective deals with textual functions in the text of Sejarah Sibolga brochure. It based on qualitative descriptive research design. This objectives of the study were: (1) to describes the types of themes in the text of Sejarah Sibolga brochure and (2)to identify the social contexts in the text of Sejarah Sibolga brochure. This research applied qualitative descriptive to describe about data analysis. The qualitative analysis was applied in such away in order to find out theoretically related to the research question. The Source of data was the text of
Sejarah Sibolga brochure which consists of 22 paragraphs. The sources was
ii ABSTRAK
ANDRIANI, NOVA. Nim :8106111061. Fungsi Tekstual dalam teks Sejarah Sibolga.Tesis.Program Studi Linguistik Terapan Bahasa Inggris , Sekolah Pasca Sarjana. Universitas Negeri Medan. 2014.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
In the name of Allah SWT, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful
First of all the writer would like to express gratitude to Allah SWT the Lord of the mankind, djinns, and Peace upon Muhammad SAW, the prophets and upon his Messengers
and his family, his companions and whoever follows him with benevolence until the Day of Resurrection.
In the process of writing this thesis, the writer would like to confess a debt of deep gratitude to many people who have given care, attention and bright ideas. In this connection, she would like to express her very special gratitude to Prof. Dr. Amrin Saragih, M.A, Ph.D
as her first adviser and Dr.Syahron Lubis,M.A as her second adviser who have inspired her with their love of language, their methodological, helpful suggestions, and motivation.
She also would like to express her deepest thanks to the reviewers and examiners,
Prof. Dr. Busmmin Gurning, M.P.d., and Dr.Sri Minda Murni, M.S., and Dr. Rahmat Husein, M.Ed, for their valuable inputs the completion of this thesis. Her great gratitude is also due
to Prof. Dr. Busmin Gurning, M.Pd and Dr. Sri Minda Murni, M.S, as the head and secretary of English Applied Linguistics Study Program for their suggestions and administrative assistance.
She also would like to thank her beloved father Sofyan Tanjung and Mother Roslina , and also her beloved husband Arif Setiadi, S.E ,her beloved sisters and brothers : Hanafi,
Faisal, Sukma Dewi, Praka Muliansyah Putra, Akbar Tanjung for their support her and endless prayers.
Furthermore she also thanks all of her beloved friends in LTBI class of XIX; Ira, Ufe,
Mulki, Kak Khairiah, Bayu, Nasir, Bang Mulia, Syafiq, and Ismed. Thanks for their support, pray, and motivation in completing her study. May Allah SWT bless you all. Ammin.
Finally this thesis is still far from being perfect in spite of the fact that the writer has done her best in completing her work. For this reason, it is suggested that the other
researchers should make a further study related to this topic and subject.
.
Medan, February 2014 The writer
Nova Andriani
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS………. 51 5.1 Conclusion ………. 51
5.2 Suggestion……… 52
LIST OF TABLES
Pages Table 2.1 Process and Participants……… 8
Table 2.2 Circumstance………. 9
Table 2.3 Taxis and Logicosemantic Relations………. 12 Table 2.4 Metafuction as Theme and Theme Realization in Grammatical
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1.The Background of the Study
Many people have understood that there are two ways the way the speakers express
their feelings. It can be through written and spoken language. Written language is produced by the writer for making the reader understand the information easier and the information can be
caught by them easily. Sometimes the writer has difficulties to convey the information, because they don’t know or they get confused of understanding the need of the reader.
The problem that the writers have gotten shows that the language that they have
produced need to be analyzed for focusing the need of reader. That is why, many experts of literature have done many researchs on written language. Systemic Functional Linguistics is
one of the theories that has been created by them. It has been introduced in literature program, especially in Functional Grammar. This theory is used by the writer to analyze some texts in this research.
Systemic Functional Linguistic is concerned with metafunction, they are ideational, interpersonal and textual. The analysis was focused on textual function which talks about
Theme and Rheme. Halliday (1994:38), characterizes Theme as“ what message is concerned with or the point of departure for what speaker is going to say”, while Rheme is “ presentation which moves after the point of departure”. The part of this explanation is that if a writer writes a text, the text consists of theme. The themes that have been written focused on unmarked
theme. It means that writters convey the information focus on the object but if it focuses on the mark theme, it means that the writer focuses on the situation and this is the problem of the
writting process.
Research about systemic functional linguistic(SFL) and theme and Rheme analysis has ever conduct by other researchers, about SFL which is written by Noor Aisyah(2012) in her
thesis with title “ The Translation of Si Sampuraga From Mandailingnese into English with
Reference to Systemic Functional Linguistics Perspective and Meaning Based Translation
Approach” found that the social context in the research can be seen from field, tenor and mode
of Si Sampuraga foltake.
Furthemore Cozma(2012) has ever conducted the research about theme and rheme analysis the title is “Using Theme-Rheme analysis for improving coherence and cohesion in
target-texts: a methodological approach” the paper contributes to existing process-based
translation studies by putting forward a methodological approach for integrating information-structure theories in the translation process. The approach is based on a three-stage translation
method (analysis, transfer and reproduction) and used in translation classes or in real-life translation scenarios, it has the following advantages: it provides a basis for ST understanding and in this way students become aware of different patterns of textual organization; it facilitates
the creation of source- or target-oriented texts and shows how the source text may have different target versions in internal organization.
From the previouse research above show that eventhough both of the writter use SFL in the research but no one of theme research about Topical theme in the text, and in appliying SFL theory the researcher took the text from brochure, the brochure which was discussed in
this study is the brochure of “Sejarah Sibolga”. It is interesting since Sibolga has tried to introduce the city through writing the history in the brosure and has written the benefitsof
visiting thecity.
Sibolga is a multi ethnic city, the adhesive religious people, located on the west coast of North Sumatera Province. This town is located on the beach side of the Tapian Nauli by
facing the Indian ocean.Sibolga city is very potential. The main attractions for the tourists are the beauty of mountainous scenary, islands, the calm beaches and traditional food/culinary
Tanggo saratus, Poncan Gadang Island, Ujung Sibolga Beach, Poncan Ketek Island, Sarudik Island, Tor Simarbarimbing, and The Top of TVRI’s Transmitter.
The writerhas written about textual functions especially the topical theme of sejarah Sibolga. The writeris interested in studying this matter because she believes that the brochure
of sejarah Sibolga can be developed by introducing the culture through brochure. The way they wrote the brosure was analyzed based on Systematic Functional Linguistics theory.
In the Halliday framework, clause-initial elements are categorized as textual, interpersonal, and topical themes.
(from Halliday 1994:54) Figure 1: Textual, Interpersonal, and Topical Theme
The topical theme, the most important of the three theme types, comprises only one
experiential element — a participant, process, or circumstance — and ends and the thematic portion of the clause. Halliday (1994:53) argues that unless this constituent appears, "the clause
still lacks an anchorage in the realm of experi- ence." The thematic portion, therefore, extends from the beginning of the clause up to and including the first element that has some function in transitivity.
As mention above that topical theme is the most important theme than other types, that’s why the writer analyses the text based on textual function and specifically focus on analyze
Continuative Conjunction or wh-relative Conjunctive adjunct \
Vocative / Modal adjunct / Finite operator / Wh- (content
interrogative) /
topical theme, for that reason the writer focused on three steps: the first is by finding out text of Sejarah Sibolga, second by analysing the thematic structure of the text of Sejarah Sibolga
and the last is by analysing the social context of the text. These steps were taken to analyse the text, and it has included into the competences and the culture.
1.2.The Problems of the study
The problems have been formulated as in the following questions.
1) What types of topical themes are used in the text of Sejarah Sibolga brochure ? 2) In what social contexts are the themes used in the text of Sejarah Sibolga brochure?
1.3.The Objectives of the Study
In line with the problems, the objectives of this study are
1. to describe the types of theme used in the text of Sejarah Sibolga brochure, 2. to identify the social contexts in the text of Sejarah Sibolga brochure are used.
1.4The Scope of the Study
The writer focused heranalysis on Textual Function in the text of Sejarah Sibolga, and more specifically to analyze topical theme in each clause. There are three main aspect analyze
in this research; the types of topical theme and the social context.
1.5The Significances of the Study
The findings of the study are expected to be useful theoretically and practically.
1. Theoretically, the findings of this study are expacted to expand and enrich research in
linguistics, in addition the finding of the study can be references for other researcher
2. Practically, the findings of this study are expected to provide more information about
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions
After analyzing the data conclusion are drawn as the following:
(1) There are four types of theme in the text of Sejarah Sibolga Brochure, there are Marked Simple Theme ( MST), Marked Multiple Theme ( MMT), Unmarked Simple Theme ( UST)
and the last Unmarked Multiple Theme ( UMT).
(2)The social context are: Field, tenor and Mode. field; (1) Nort West of Sumatera, (2)Tapian Nauli which,(3)Simaninggir (4)Sibolga.Tenor; (1) Ompu Datu Hurinjom Hutagulung, (2) King
Luka Hutagulung,( 3) VOC and Dutch (4)Gerard de Roij and Laurens Decker . (5)William Marsden (6) Governor Van Soematera’s Westkust,(7) English, (8) Jhon Price,(9) .Governor Van Soematera’s Weskust.Mode; The text genre is a kind of historical recount text, That text
add information and knowlegde to the reader about the history of Sibolga.
5.2 Suggestion
The relation to the conclusions the suggestions are staged as the following:
(1) It is suggested that the writer of English text, is really recommended to pay attention in choosen the pattern of theme in each paragrahps to convey the message eficiently
to the reader.
(2) It is suggested that the translator of English text to be more concerned with theme development in SL to TL, because the different result in theme development will
cause different meaning to the reader.
(3) It is suggested that the other researcher should be more concerned with research about
the textual function in the text, because by research about text we can know the message that the writer want to deliver to the reader in more deeply and also by
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