PRESUPPOSITION USED IN VOICE OVER OF TANGKIS
PROGRAM ON INEWS TV MEDAN
A THESIS
Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By:
AMIRUL MUKMIN NASUTION
Registration Number : 082222810002
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
DECLARATION
I have familiarized myself with the University’s Policy on Academic Integrity.
Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own work, has been
expressed in my own words and has not previously been submitted for
assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise for
plagiarism.
Medan, September 2015
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The greatest thanks to the Almighty God for granting countless blessing,
mercy, and guidance in giving the writer full strength to complete this thesis. This
thesis is aimed to fulfill one of the requirements to obtain the S1 degree of Sarjana
Sastra at English Department in Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University
of Medan.
In completing this thesis, the writer has received a lot of assistance and
academic support from some people. Therefore, the writer would like to express
his sincere gratitude, love and special thanks to:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd, as the Rector of the State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., as the Head of English Department, Dra. Meisuri, MA as the Secretary of English Department and Academic
Adviser, Syamsul Bahri, S.S. M.Hum as the Head of English
Non-Educational Program and Nora Ronita Dewi, S.S., M.Hum., as the Head
of English Education Department in Faculty of Languages And Arts. Drs. Elia Masa Gintings, M.Hum, as his Thesis Adviser, for the advice,
guidance, constructive comment, valuable knowledge, and precious time
iii
His beloved parents; his mother Manise and his father Amiruddin Nasution for the pray, love, moral and financial support. And also thanks
for the love and support from his fiance Rahmadhani Fitri Pasaribu. All his beloved classmates of Applied Linguistics Regular 2008 that
could not be mentioned one by one. Thanks for their support, information,
encouragement, and beautiful day spent together.
Maam Endah and Maam Euis, for helping the writer in preparing the files for the purposes of this thesis.
Thanks to all friends for the support and care during complete this thesis, Christina Septiani Manurung, S.S., Habibbullah and Manuproject Production’s Crews.
Without their deep and sympathetic understanding, this thesis could not
complete. Over all, the writer hopes this thesis can give a bit contribution to the
Applied Linguistics. Therefore, comments, critics, suggestions, and advices are
expected from the readers.
Medan, September 2015 The writer,
i ABSTRACT
Nasution, Amirul Mukmin. 2015. Presupposition Used in Voice Over of Tangkis Program on iNews TV Medan. A Thesis. Faculty of Languages and Arts. State University of Medan.
This research focused on presupposition used in Voice Over of Tangkis program on Deli TV (now iNews TV). This research conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. The data were taken from voice over of Tangkis program on Deli TV. The findings shown that there were 305 utterances contained five from six types of presupposition. The result of this research show that voice over of Tangkis program on Deli TV tends to use Existential Presupposition (72%), Factive Presupposition (5%), Lexical Presupposition (6%), Non-Factive Presupposition (12%), and Counterfactual Presupposition (5%). The dominant type is Existential Presupposition, which means that the voice over purposed to tell the reader a news that happening to somebody especially crime such as murder and accident.
iv
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE A.Theoretical Framework ... 6
1. Linguistics ... 6
2. Pragmatics ... 10
3. Presupposition ... 13
a. Existensial Presupposition ... 15
b. Factive Presupposition ... 15
c. Lexical Presupposition ... 16
d. Structural Presupposition ... 16
e. Non-factive Presupposition ... 16
f. Counterfactual Presupposition ... 17
v
a. News ... 22
b. Tangkis ... 23
c. Voice Over ... 26
B. Related Study ... 24
C. Conceptual Framework ... 26
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD A. Research Design… ... 27
B. Source of the Data ... 27
C.Procedures of Analyzing Data ... 27
CHAPTER IV: DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS A. Data ... 29
B. Data Analysis ... 29
C. Research Findings ... 36
D. Discussions ... 37
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS A. Conclusions ... 38
B. Suggestions ... 38
vi
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1 41
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Study
Language is the most important communication tool in human life. By
using language, we could share our opinion, idea, feeling through others. Beside
that, communication is something that people must do in order to fill their daily
activities. Language is also a fundamentally instrument of communication (Clark,
1977:7). In making communication, people use their language, it could be a
written, spoken, or even symbol as their language.
To make a communication through others, people use many ways. They
use language, but what types of language that they use to make a communication
is sometimes interesting to be talked. Commonly they use spoken language as the
way to communicate, but it’s necessary for us that there are many ways to make a
communication to other through language.
Linguistics as the study about language, told us that language is very
important, because by knowing someone’s language, we may know where do they
come from. Linguistics is the study that using language as its object (Martinet,
1987:19). It’s clearly explained that linguistics needs language to be learned. As
the writer have explained before, the language could be anything, such as spoken,
written , symbol, or gesture of human body.
One of linguistics’ branch is pragmatic. According to Yule (1996:3) , there are
four definitions of pragmatics; (1) A study about the meaning of the speaker, (2) a
study about meaning depends on its context, (3) a study about the meaning that
2
spoken by the speaker, and (4) a study about expression that depends on the
social distance which limiting the participants. From the definitions above, we can
take a conclusion from those four definitions become what should be done in
pragmatics or what should be understood before we are analyzing language using
pragmatics. Pragmatics pay more attention to the speaker, not the conversation or
relationship between participants in a conversation. Then, pragmatics also means
that the communication that occure between people is not always two ways
conversation, which the participants on it could change their mind while talking.
Pragmatics is the study about the one way conversation that sometimes occure
when we are asked for listening, not for answering what someone’s says. For
example, watching news on a tv, we cannot make communication with someone
or sound which giving us some informations about what we’re watching. We just
pay attention and sometimes make our opinion ourselves.
Social language use ( pragmatics ). You have invited your friend over for
dinner. Your child sees your friend reach for some cookies and says, "Better not
take those, or you'll get even bigger." You're embarrassed that your child could
speak so rudely. However, you should consider that your child may not know how
to use language appropriately in social situations and did not mean harm by the
comment.
An individual may say words clearly and use long, complex sentences
with correct grammar, but still have a communication problem - if he or she has
3
have difficulty with pragmatics, for example, as a result of a brain injury or
stroke.
Pragmatics also have many branches in its study, one of it is
presupposition. Presupposition comes from English words pre-suppose that means
to suppose beforehand, which means the speaker have thought something like
prediction about someone he’s talking to or something that the’re talking.
Presupposition is quite common in public discourse especially in political
speeches, advertisements, or news.
News is including in the public discourse that need to be in formal
language. So, the writer will analyze the formal language that used in one of news
program in Deli TV called Tayangan Kriminal Sumatera Utara (TANGKIS). The
writer choose this kind of data to be analyzed is because it’s more interesting than
analyzing presupposition in a speech, not only because there have been so many
thesis that analyze these kind of topic, but also the data that will be anlyze is not a
valid data about someone’s speech. It’s because of the data about the speech is
taken from a magazine or newspaper, that there must be changes in some words
or sentences. So, the writer choose to analyze presupposition in news because the
data can be taken directly from Deli TV, as they which made the news originally,
in form of video or script.
Tangkis is one of local tv program in Deli TV, beside Deli News,
Kongkow-Kongkow, and some other programs. Tangkis is a program that
4
the one of criminal news program in Medan, tangkis using language that is
interesting to be analyzed by the writer.
B. The Problem of the Study.
Based on the background of the study, the problem of the study can be
formulated as the following:
1. What are the types of presupposition that used in Tangkis program?
2. What is the meaning of presupposition in Tangkis Program?
3. What is the dominant types of presupposition in Tangkis program?
C. The Scope of the Study
The topic in this discussion will be pay more attention in the
presupposition that used in Tangkis program. In this case, the writer will analyze
the voice over as the spoken script that always flows as the news being played
after the presenter read the news lead in front. The study is limited to the types of
presuppositions.
D. The Objective of the Study
Related to the problem of study formulated above, the objectives of the
study as below:
1. To describe the types of presupposition that used in Voice Over of Tangkis
program.
2. To describe the meaning of presupposition that found in Voice Over of
5
3. To describe the dominant types of presupposition in Voice Over of
Tangkis program.
E. The Significance of The Study
This reseach to be useful for:
1. The students, especially who wants to learn more about presupposition,
can use this research as a references.
2. The researcher who will analyze the same topic, can use this research as
the comparison in result.
3. For the readers who wants to learn more about presupposition, can use this
research as references or even comparison to other same topic by another
39
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
After the data have been analyzed in the chapter iv, the conclusions can be
drawn below:
1. There are five types of presupposition that contained in the data of Voice
Over in Tangkis Program on Deli TV, they are Existential Presupposition
(72%), Lexical Presupposition (5%), Factive Presupposition (6%),
Non-factive Presupposition (12%), and Counterfactual Presupposition (5%).
2. The meaning of the data based on types of presupposition that contained in
the data is to inform the readers or listeners about something happen with
someone, especially crime scenes.
3. The dominant types of presupposition in this study is Existential
Presupposition, which means Voice Over of Tangkis Program in Deli TV
purposed to tell the reader a news that occured to somebody especially
crime such as murder, accident, etc.
B. Suggestions
Based on the conclusion, there are some suggestions which are useful for :
1. English Department students who wants to analyzing presupposition in
their research, can use this research as references.
38
2. The readers who wants to learn more about presupposition, can use this
research as references or even comparison to other same topic by another
writers.
3. Linguistic at State University of Medan, this reasearch may
increase the bank of reasearch study about presupposition as the
references
40
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