people perform tasks to
achieve goals
Tools
enlarge
the possibilities
in performing
DEFINITION
DEFINITION
the process of learning about ordinary users by observing them in action to understand in detail how they perform their tasks and achieve their intended goals. (Usability.gov, 2017)
Renardus M.M. Scheffer "Task Analysis“ is not a term with a fixed and agreed
a
simple
exercise
that
UX designers
can
undertake
during the definition of a problem,
which can help not just in
identifying where opportunities to
TASK ANALYSIS, why ?
designer assumption
all users are the same
all users are the same as me
TASK ANALYSIS, why ?
Human elements must be optimized
and potential errors must be minimized
To include human element directly on
the design, systematically and
Who is
Who is
USER
USER
?
?
• Individual • Group
• Operator
Techniques
Techniques
Task Analysis
Task Decomposition
• Proses dekomposisi (pemecahan suatu
task menjadi beberapa sub-task) ini sering juga disebut sebagai Hierarchical Task
Analysis (HTA).
hierarchical task analysis
hierarchical task analysis
provides an understanding
provides an understanding
of the tasks users need to
of the tasks users need to
perform to achieve certain
perform to achieve certain
goals
Task Analysis Methods:
Data Gathering
• Banyak metoda task analysis
• Tidak ada yg 100% memuaskan • Metoda umum
– Questionnaires and Interviews – Observational studies
Knowledge Based Analysis
Knowledge Based Analysis dimulai
dengan mengidentifikasikan semua objek dan aksi yang terlibat dalam task, dan
kemudian mengembangkan suatu
taxonomi dari semuanya. Hal ini mirip
Kitchen item AND
plate, soup bowl, casserole |_ for drink
User Task
Contoh :
Kasir (task) :
- Entry penyewaan VCD - Menerima pembayaran - Cek keterlambatan
Use Model
Example:• A software interface contains menubars, toolbars, work areas,etc
• A properly designed use model assures that each of
these components is properly placed within the system placed within the system
such that a user can easily understand easily understand how the
information is arranged, what actions they can perform • a use model is said to be the mapping of the user's
User Model
Styles : - Menu
- Form filling
- Command languange - Direct manipulation
User Model
• Menu, karena banyak perbedaan tugas yang harus dikerjakan oleh kasir
GOMS (Goals, Operators,
Methods and Selection)
• Goals
adalah tujuan dari user, menerangkan apa yang hendak dicapai oleh user. Dalam
GOMS (Goals, Operators,
Methods and Selection)
• Operators
adalah kegiatan dasar yang harus dilakukan oleh user untuk menggunakan sistem.
GOMS (Goals, Operators,
Methods and Selection)
Methods
cara untuk mendekomposisi goal sub-goals.
Misalnya : window manager, bisa ditutup
dengan 2 cara, yaitu dengan memilih option
GOMS (Goals, Operators,
Methods and Selection)
• Selection
– Dari contoh diatas, kita bisa melihat pemakaian kata ‘select’ pada saat memilih method. GOMS tidak
hanya menggunakan pilihan acak, tapi juga berusaha untuk memperkirakan method apa yang hendak
