THE SPEECH FUNCTION OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS’ CONVERSATION IN TANO PARSIRANGAN MOVIE.

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THE SPEECH FUNCTION OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS’

CONVERSATION IN TANO PARSIRANGAN MOVIE

A THESIS

Submitted to the English Department of UNIMED in Partial as Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of SarjanaSastra

By:

RIPKA BANJARNAHOR

Regristration Number 2103220037

ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, the writer would like to thank the Greatness God, Jesus

Christ, for all his kindness and blessing on him so finally she could complete this

thesis. She rescued the writer in her difficulties and sent helps through many

hands of completing this thesis. In this occasion the writer would like to express

her sincere gratitude to:

In accomplishing this thesis, the writer was helped by so many beloved

people and the writer would like to express her gratitude to:

 Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si as the Rector of State University of Medan

 Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum as the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts

 Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd. as the Head of English and Literature Department and Dra. Meisuri, M.A. as the Head of Applied Linguistics

Program.

 Dr. Zainuddin, DIP. TEFL,M.Hum as her thesis adviser, for the advice, guidance, comment, and precious time in supervising the draft of writing

during the completion of this thesis, Drs. Muhammad Natsir, M.Hum

as her academic adviser, and all her beloved lecturers in English and

Literature Department

 Her beloved family, her father, L. Banjarnahor (Alm) ; her mother, N.Simanullang ; and her dearest sisters/brothers Parbuktian/br Sinaga,

Risnauli/Sirait, Resmida/Hutasoit, Merianna/Simanullang, Sahat, and

especially for my sister Indahwati/Tambun, thank you for the

understanding and the big support in prayer, love, motivation and financial

while accomplished this thesis. And Pangihutan Simanullang thank you

for your helping to find the references and support.

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thanks also go to all friends in Applied Linguistics A and B 2010and many

others that she cannot be mentioned one by one.

 Her best friends Tika S, Tika G, Dosma, Sahat, Sarno, Donal, Tonny and many other in SMK Karya Pendidik Balige especially 3 AK 2 for their

support .

 Her friends in bording house Jl.Sukaria No.89, K’josep, B’Josep Sun, Wanti, Beri and others whose name cannot be mentioned one by one for

their help and support. Thanks for everything. May God bless us. Amin.

Finally, the writer admits that this thesis still far from being perfect.

Therefore, the writer would like to invite the readers to give suggestion for the

improvement of this thesis later on.

Medan, March 2014

The writer

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ABSTRACT

Banjarnahor, Ripka. 2014. The Speech Functions of the

Main Characters’ Conversation in Tano Parsirangan Movie.

A Thesis. Faculty of Languages and Arts. State University of

Medan.

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LIST OF TABEL

Table 2.1 Speech role and commodity exchanged ... 12

Table 2.2 Speech Functions and Responses ... 16

Table 2.3 The Examples of Realization Speech Functions in Moods ... 20

Table 4.1 Research Finding on Speech Function ... 30

Table 4.2 The realization of Speech Function in Moods ... 38

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LIST OF FIGURE

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. The Background of the Study

Communication as an essential part of life. No one can deny to

communicate with another that it has a great role in human life. Imagine what life

would be if we could not communicate?. There will be nothing. No way of talking

anything to anyone, no way to built a relationship with others, no way of passing

down information throughout time and so on.

Language as a system of sounds and words, used by human to

communicate thoughts and feelings or the communication used by people to

express their ideas, opinions, feelings, suggestions, desires, giving and demanding

information in both spoken and written communication because everyday lives we

are constantly using language. Language as a tool for communication and

interaction one each other in social life. Human beings uses the language as the

medium to exchange their experiences and to complete their requirement.

According to Saragih (2013:17) there are three factors necessitating human being

to be interactive in their lives. Firstly, humans being are social creatures or social

beings and therefore they cannot live isolate. A human being as anindividual

social product in the sense that his or her birth involves at least two individuals

(father and mother). In other words, one needs to interact with other. Secondly,

nobody can fulfill his or her needs completely by himself or herself. In either

prosperity and misery, sadness or happiness someone needs other to fulfill his or

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her food. Thirdly, among the living creatures only human beings are destined (by

God) to store information and pass the information from the one human being to

others and pass it on from one generation to the next generations.

In the process of communication, there is a transferring of information

occur between the speaker and hearer or addresser and addressee. In transferring

of information, the speaker produces an utterance and does the act of speaking.

Based on Halliday and Matthiessen (2004:106-107) stated that In the act of

speaking, the speaker adopts for himself a particular speech role, and in so doing

assigns to the listener a complementary role which he wishes him to adopt in his

turn. For example, in asking question, a speaker is taking on the role of seeker of

the information and requiring the listener to take on role supplier of the

information demanded. The most fundamental types of speech role are just two.

They are “giving” and “demanding”; giving means “inviting to receive” and

demanding means “inviting to give”. The speaker is not only doing something

himself, he is also requiring something from the listener. Typically, therefore, an

act of speaking is something that might more appropriately be called an interact: it

is an exchange, in which giving implies receiving and demanding implies giving

in response. Besides that, there is another distinction, equally fundamental that

related to the nature of commodity. They are good & service and information.

These two variables, when taken together, define the four primary speech

functions of offer, command, statement and question. These, in turn, are matched

by asset of desired responses: accepting an offer, carrying out a command,

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This study wasattempt to investigate speech function of the main

characters’ conversation in TanoParsirangan movie. Speech function is an

exchange communication between speaker and listener where the listener adopt

the speech functional role and assigns the addressee a complementary role which

use statement, question, offer and command.

There weremany studies also support the research on speech function like

Guijarro in his journal “A Multimodal Analysis of The Tale of Peter Rabbit

within the Interpersonal Metafunction(2010) “ and the result of his research is the

analysis the interpersonal of the verbal and visual in the Tale of Peter Rabbit is the

high percentage of speech function is statement as realize by declarative mood.

And then Adam in his journal “Incorporating the interpersonal: Some topic

manipulation in Rembarrnga (2009)” and the result of his research is the status

the speaker wishes and believes the addressee will attribute to discourse

participants; as tacit or explicit. And Suzanne in her journal “Age-Related

Changes in Children's and Adults' Explanations of Interpersonal Actions (2010)”

and the result is the children in 3-6 years old usually use the question in their

interaction because the children want to know more about something. While the

7-12 years old usually use statement to share their experience in the day.

The main characters isthey are whom the story is about. There is generally

one lead character, maybe two or three. Other character's main character status

tends to be defined by how close they are to the lead. Basically, a main character

is any character who has a major purpose or role in the plot and interacts regularly

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main character, if only for one episode. In this movie, the main characters were

AmaniUli (The father of Uli),NaiUli( Uli’s mother), Uli (the AmaniUli’s

daughter), AmaniSudung (The father of Sudung), Sudung and Sinta (The

amaniSudung’s children). This movie tells about the dynamic of Toba Batak

people which there are two brothers and have mandates from their parents not to

sell the land but build the JabuParsaktian (meeting house). It means that we must

follow our parent’s advice. And this movie is directed by PontiGea and scenario is

written by LajesscaHatebe and PontiGea. This movie is produced by

CostellazioneEntertaiment in 2012.

Indonesia consists of thousand island with the people come from various

parts of place and culture based on their ethnic, the people speak different

language. One of the ethnic in Indonesia that we can find in North Sumatera, like

Batak ethnic. Batak ethnic can be divided to become five kinds, they are Toba,

Karo, Simalungun, Pakpak, and Angkola-Mandailing. Toba Batak speakers are all

the Toba Batak people and other people who live with them.Roosmani (1994:31)

said: “ If people talk about Batak, they usually refer to Toba batak. Toba Batak is

spoken by about two million people living on Samosir Island and to the east,

south and south west of Toba Lake in North Sumatera”. They use the language in

daily conversation, mourning ceremony, wedding ceremony and so on. Even, in

government offices and schools which are in Toba Batak land also use that

language in fulfill the interaction and relationship.

Whereas the reasons of writer to choose Speech Function of

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the study of speech functions on Toba Batak daily conversation. But the previous

researcher has done the study research about the advertising and the newspaper.

Secondly, the writer wants tolearn that the TanoParsirangan movie as a source of

data how is theculture of Toba Batak people in daily interaction, and thirdly the

reason is to preserve the local language as stated in section 32 subsection 2

Indonesian’s constitution (UUD’45) that “Negara

menghormatidanmemeliharabahasadaerahsebagaikekayaanbudayanasional (The

nation respects and preserves local language as national cultural property)”.

B. The Problems of the Study

C. The Objectives of the Study

In relation to the problems the objectives of the study were:

1. To describe the types of speech function are used of the main characters’

conversation in TanoParsirangan movie.

2. To describe the types of mood are used of the main characters’

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3. To describe the type of mood is dominantly used to the main characters’

conversation in TanoParsirangan movie.

D. The Scope of the Study

The study attempts to investigate the speech functions used in the main

characters’ conversation in TanoParsirangan movie. The main aspect to be

analyzed was the speech functions such as making an offer, a command,

a statement, and a question of the main characters’ conversation in

TanoParsirangan movie based on Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory.

The data source was taken from TanoParsirangan movie.

E. The Significances of the Study

The findings of this study were expected to be useful for:

1. Those students especially of the English Department so that they can

improve their knowledge of speech functions as used in Toba Batak

specifically in TanoParsirangan movie.

2. Preserve the existence of local language (Toba Batak language) that the

local languages which has one of the functions is to support national

language.

3. Those other researchers who are interested to conduct the research in the

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CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusion

After analyzing the speech functions and moods of the main characaters’

conversation in TanoParsirangan movie, the conclusion could be drawn as

follows:

1. There were four types of Speech functions which exist in the main

characaters’ conversation in TanoParsirangan movie, namely Statement,

Question, Offer and Command.

2. There were three of Moods which exist in the main characters’

conversation in TanoParsirangan movie, namely Declarative,

Interrogative, and Imperative

3. The most dominant type of Speech functions which exist in the main

characters’ conversation in TanoParsirangan movie was Statement, the

second position of speech function was Questions, and the third position of

speech functionwas Command and the least was offer. In addition, the

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B. Suggestions

Based on the conclusions of the study, the following suggestions are

offered:

1. For other researchers as the references in guiding to collect further

information of Speech Function and mood

2. The same research is needed conducted in different ethnic like

Simalungun, Karo, etc to enrich the knowledge of the researcher and the

reader in the field of Speech Functions.

3. The readers especially the student of English Department can choose the

speech function as the object of research, because many interesting aspects

THE SPEECH FUNCTION OF THE MAIN CHARACTERS’ CONVERSATION IN TANO PARSIRANGAN MOVIE.