Lampiran 2. Denah rancangan percobaan I dan II Percobaan Pertama (W1) Ukuran plot 9 m x 18 m. Total plot = 1296 m2. w1n1 9 m 81 mw1n3 2 Keterangan: 1 m N0= Tanpa pemupukan N w1n3 9 m w1n1 N1= 10 g N/phn = 20 g Urea/phn w1n2 9 m w1n2 N2= 20 g N/ha = 40 g Urea/phn Pemberian Nit rogen (N) w1n0 w1n0 N3= 30 g N/ha = 60 g Urea/phn 1.5 m 18 m 1.5 m Percobaan Kedua (W2) w2n0 15 m 225 mw2n0 2 Pupuk diberikan pada umur saat tanam dan 90 HST, masing-masing 1/2 dosis.
w2n2 15 m w2n2
TSP= 100 kg SP-36/ha diberikan saat tanam.
w2n3 15 m w2n1
KCl= 100 kg KCl/ha diberikan pada saat HST P emberian Nitrogen (N) w2n1 15 m w2n3 Ukuran plot 15 m x 30 m. Total plot = 3600 m2.
Keterangan : w1n1; percobaan 1 dengan pemupukan n1 = 10 g N/phn, dst. w2n3; percobaan 2 dengan pemupukan n3= 30 g N/phn, dst
Lampiran 3. Deskripsi populasi IP-1P
Asal : Hasil seleksi massa populasi Lampung Mulai berbunga : ± 4 bulan setelah tanam atau 6 bulan setelah
semai
Bentuk daun : Bulat dengan tulang daun menjari. Permukaan daun bergelombang
Warna daun : Hijau
Tangkai daun : Umumnya pendek dan kaku Jumlah buah/malai : 10 – 28
Jumlah malai/tanaman : > 5 pada penen pertama, tahun pertama Jumlah buah/tanaman : > 60 pada panen pertama, tahun pertama Berat 1000 biji : 700 – 850 gram
Potensi produksi : 0.25 – 0.30 ton tahun I,
4.00 – 5.00 ton tahun kelima, dengan pemeliharaan optimal
Kadar minyak : -
Kesesuian daerah : direkomendasikan untuk daerah beriklim basah Sumber: Puslitbangbun – Deptan (2006)
Lampiran 4. Data percobaan ke-satu
4.1. Analisis tanah
No. pH (1:1) C Org N Total Rasio C/N tersedia P
Kation-kation dapat ditukar dan KTK dengan Ekstrak Penyangga NH4Oac 100
N pH 7.0
H20 CaCl2 Weckley & Black Kjeldahl Bray I-II Ca Mg K Na Total KTK
% % ppm me/100 g
925 5.2 4.2 0.18 9.3 3.35 2.77 1.15 0.51 0.3 4.73 14.48
No. KB Al-Hdd KCl 1 N Tekstur 3 Fraksi Metode Hidrometer Kedalaman Density Bulk Total Pori
% Al3+ H+ Pasir Debu Liat cm g/ml %
925 32.7 me/100 g 6.2 45.3 48.5 30 1.42 46.42
No. Kadar Air pada pF Pori Drainase 1.00 2.00 2.54 4.20 Cepat Lambat
Air
Tersedia Permbeabilitas
% (volume) % cm/jam
925 44.16 41.82 36.28 27.48 4.60 5.54 8.80 2.13
Keterangan: disalin kembali dari hasil pengujian SEAMEO BIOTROP Services Laboratory (No. Order: 301/TT/V/2007)
4.2. Biomasa tanaman di atas tanah, AGB (kg ha-1)
Waktu Pengamatan Perlakuan
28-Apr 7-Jul 4-Aug 22-Oct
(W1N0) 6.44774 485.57709 504.66550 2856.5109 εn0 0.532 455.281 467.934 1065.375 (W1N1) 5.99821 386.90082 854.78360 3714.03015 εn1 0.532 63.849 199.663 364.905 (W1N2) 6.44774 751.70943 1034.22635 4886.46542 εn2 0.532 424.657 397.793 1867.356 (W1N3) 6.447739 383.86163 1224.77864 4792.39047 εn3 0.532 192.126 292.669 1826.366 (W1P1) 10.67186 884.67606 1452.63792 6839.85045 εp1 0.899 495.764 580.315 2294.317 (W1P2) 1.99885 119.34841 356.58913 1284.84803 εp2 0.165 66.390 71.708 128.544
4.3. Indeks luas daun (unitless)
Waktu Pengamatan Perlakuan
28-Apr 4-May 9-Jun 7-Jul 4-Aug 1-Sep 6-Oct 22-Oct (W1N0) 0.005 0.003 0.139 0.398 0.440 2.119 3.390 2.791 εn0 0.003 0.002 0.003 0.144 0.182 1.436 2.588 1.379 (W1N1) 0.005 0.006 0.081 0.956 2.840 3.645 5.555 3.281 εn1 0.003 0.004 0.029 0.540 2.151 2.872 2.483 1.614 (W1N2) 0.005 0.008 0.606 0.774 3.261 4.820 6.091 4.243 εn2 0.003 0.006 0.448 0.330 1.945 3.739 3.504 1.769 (W1N3) 0.005 0.005 0.330 0.819 3.130 4.906 5.760 3.921 εn3 0.003 0.003 0.183 0.335 0.737 2.249 3.065 2.162 (W1P1) 0.007 0.009 0.453 1.074 3.672 6.447 8.109 5.290 εp1 0.000 0.003 0.312 0.279 1.496 1.491 1.100 0.653 (W1P2) 0.002 0.002 0.124 0.400 1.164 1.298 2.289 1.828 εp2 0.000 0.000 0.034 0.071 0.656 0.652 0.716 0.322 4.4. Hasil tanaman (kg ha-1) Waktu pengamatan Perlakuan
15-Sep 22-Sep 22-Oct Total
(W1N0) 0.121 13.685 24.695 38.501 (W1N1) 0.121 11.178 74.500 85.799 (W1N2) 25.078 98.559 99.048 222.685 (W1N3) 22.992 19.743 147.878 190.613 (W1P1) 12.964 64.465 140.957 218.385 (W1P2) 11.192 7.118 32.104 50.414
4.5. Biomassa di atas tanah (AGB, g m-2) dan radiasi yang diintersepsi (Qint, MJ m-2) untuk perhitungan RUE
Pengamatan Komponen Kode
28-Apr 7-Jul 4-Aug 20-Oct Intersepsi radiasi (MJ m-2), x Qint 5.3 292.4 107.3 413.4 AGB (g m-2), y (W1N0) 0.6 48.6 50.5 285.7 Qint 5.0 308.7 128.4 429.1 (W1N2) 0.6 75.2 103.4 488.6 Qint 4.7 293.7 107.3 413.4 (W1N3) 0.6 38.4 122.5 479.2 Qint 5.8 324.9 126.3 424.8 (W1N1) 0.6 38.7 85.5 371.4 Qint 5.3 310.1 113.2 416.5 (W1P1) 1.1 88.5 145.3 684.0 Qint 5.2 299.8 130.3 426.6 (W1P2) 0.2 11.9 35.7 128.5
4.6. Nitrogen tanah (kg ha-1)
Waktu Pengamatan
28-Apr 7-Jul 4-Aug 22-Oct Perlakuan (W1N0) 593.33 655.67 600.35 562.66 εn0 213.6 236.0 216.1 202.6 (W1N1) 593.33 679.82 659.83 582.73 εn1 213.60 244.74 237.54 209.78 (W1N2) 593.33 689.86 635.40 546.18 εn2 213.60 248.35 228.74 196.62 (W1N3) 593.33 732.69 729.91 565.10 εn3 213.60 263.77 262.77 203.44 (W1P1) 593.33 686.31 683.41 590.89 εp1 213.60 247.07 246.03 212.72 (W1P2) 593.33 692.71 629.34 537.44 εp2 213.60 249.38 226.56 193.48 4.6.1. Amonium Kedalamam 0 - 20 Waktu pengamatan
Perlakuan 28-Apr 7-Jul 3-Aug 22-Oct (W1N0) 23.52 28.09 25.47 24.82 (W1N1) 23.52 28.41 26.78 23.52 (W1N2) 23.52 27.76 26.13 24.17 (W1N3) 23.52 30.05 28.09 21.56 (W1P1) 23.52 28.25 26.45 26.78 (W1P2) 23.52 28.90 26.78 20.25 20 - 40 (W1N0) 36.92 38.97 35.89 32.82 (W1N1) 36.92 41.02 40.51 35.89 (W1N2) 36.92 42.56 38.71 31.79 (W1N3) 36.92 44.71 46.15 35.89 (W1P1) 36.92 41.79 43.07 33.84 (W1P2) 36.92 41.84 37.56 34.36
4.6.2. Nitrat Kedalamam
0 - 20 Waktu pengamatan
Perlakuan 28-Apr 7-Jul 3-Aug 22-Oct (W1N0) 188.01 224.57 203.68 198.45 (W1N2) 188.01 221.95 208.90 193.23 (W1N3) 188.01 240.23 224.57 172.34 (W1N1) 188.01 227.18 214.12 188.01 (W1P1) 188.01 225.87 211.51 214.12 (W1P2) 188.01 231.09 214.12 161.90 20 - 40 (W1N0) 344.89 364.05 335.31 306.57 (W1N2) 344.89 397.58 361.66 296.99 (W1N3) 344.89 417.70 431.11 335.31 (W1N1) 344.89 383.21 378.42 335.31 (W1P1) 344.89 390.40 402.37 316.15 (W1P2) 344.89 390.87 350.88 320.94
4.7. Nitrogen tanaman dan biji (kg ha-1)
Waktu Pengamatan
28-Apr 7-Jul 4-Aug 22-Oct Perlakuan (W1N0) 0.226 18.999 22.199 139.232 εn0 0.019 17.818 20.587 52.306 (W1N1) 0.211 16.417 42.560 213.375 εn1 0.019 2.681 9.970 18.652 (W1N2) 0.226 28.896 50.274 226.246 εn2 0.019 16.336 19.415 87.572 (W1N3) 0.226 18.674 63.100 239.735 εn3 0.019 9.190 15.275 91.354 (W1P1) 0.375 36.796 69.942 349.484 εp1 0.032 20.158 27.404 111.903 (W1P2) 0.070 4.697 19.124 59.810 εp2 0.006 2.854 5.220 13.039
4.8. Intersepsi radiasi surya (%)
Waktu Pengamatan 2
Juni 9 Juni Juni 16 Juni 23 30-Jun 7-Jul 28-Jul Aug 4- Aug 11- Aug 18- Aug 25- Sep 1- 8-Sep Sep 15- Sep 22- Sep 29- Oct 6- 10-Oct Oct 22-Perlakuan % Intersepsi (W1N0) 0.47 0.35 0.39 0.39 0.47 0.38 0.15 0.19 0.17 0.19 0.49 0.58 0.56 0.49 0.54 0.54 0.51 0.49 0.48 (W1N2) 0.44 0.46 0.47 0.63 0.51 0.44 0.20 0.21 0.17 0.17 0.54 0.60 0.58 0.52 0.56 0.54 0.53 0.50 0.47 (W1N3) 0.42 0.44 0.50 0.47 0.54 0.46 0.11 0.18 0.11 0.21 0.54 0.57 0.58 0.51 0.55 0.54 0.51 0.51 0.49 (W1N1) 0.52 0.52 0.57 0.34 0.45 0.48 0.06 0.20 0.15 0.20 0.54 0.57 0.59 0.52 0.56 0.54 0.52 0.50 0.51 (W1P1) 0.47 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.41 0.10 0.18 0.13 0.18 0.53 0.56 0.57 0.51 0.55 0.54 0.51 0.50 0.49 (W1P2) 0.46 0.43 0.49 0.42 0.48 0.46 0.15 0.21 0.16 0.21 0.53 0.60 0.58 0.52 0.55 0.54 0.52 0.50 0.49
4.9. Kadar air tanah (mm)
0 - 20 (W1N0) 156.6 150.7 158.3 162.9 166.5 162.1 143.1 130.6 122.0 158.0 134.3 151.8 137.7 146.1 128.1 142.1 135.3 139.5 143.8 (W1N1) 136.7 148.1 144.1 149.3 146.5 131.7 140.8 140.6 125.1 134.6 145.0 108.1 117.3 123.2 111.4 116.9 123.5 118.9 114.4 (W1N2) 155.2 156.3 159.7 162.0 164.7 165.6 153.4 131.3 150.9 143.7 130.0 154.9 139.4 126.9 145.3 126.3 144.1 134.2 137.4 (W1N3) 148.3 161.6 155.1 145.3 140.8 127.0 142.2 131.1 129.5 156.4 149.6 103.3 107.5 126.8 107.5 110.2 113.9 105.6 108.3 20 - 40 (W1N0) 145.1 137.8 136.6 132.8 127.7 127.5 125.0 125.5 138.5 136.8 147.8 108.8 116.4 127.4 118.3 122.8 125.9 111.2 124.3 (W1N1) 136.7 148.1 144.1 149.3 146.5 131.7 140.8 140.6 125.1 134.6 145.0 108.1 117.3 123.2 111.4 116.9 123.5 118.9 114.4 (W1N2) 148.8 148.8 138.5 133.0 129.5 124.7 125.6 120.6 122.7 136.2 142.5 104.8 119.6 137.2 107.4 117.0 117.9 113.6 112.3 (W1N3) 148.3 161.6 155.1 145.3 140.8 127.0 142.2 131.1 129.5 156.4 149.6 103.3 107.5 126.8 107.5 110.2 113.9 105.6 108.3
Lampiran 5. Foto percobaan
Fase Emergence Fase Kuncup bunga Pengukuran KAT
Lampiran 6. Penurunan beberapa parameter Parameter k
9-Jun 7-Jul 4-Aug 1-Sep 6-Oct 22-Oct Perlakuan k Rata-rata W1N0 1.50 0.74 0.86 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.56 W1N1 1.89 0.26 0.13 0.06 0.04 0.07 0.41 W1N2 0.42 0.34 0.11 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.17 0.38 W1N3 0.79 0.31 0.12 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.23 W1P1 0.56 0.26 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.17 W1P2 2.15 0.63 0.32 0.15 0.10 0.13 0.58 0.38 Parameter slw
28-Apr 7 Juli 4-Aug 22-Oct Perlakuan slw Rata-rata (W1N0) 404.2358 9.809285 291.5052 126.6892 208.0599 (W1N1) 404.2358 10.52533 95.06278 270.0773 194.9753 (W1N2) 404.2358 11.73772 457.5187 119.7796 248.318 217.1177 (W1N3) 404.2358 14.57365 239.8547 163.3976 205.5154 (W1P1) 404.2358 11.14726 260.1239 147.5894 205.7741 (W1P2) 404.2358 12.17573 281.8468 192.3825 222.6602 219.8692
Parameter koefisien partisi biomassa Batang
Perlakuan 28-Apr 7 Juli 3-Aug
(W1N0) 0.518 0.848 0.421 0.25 0.50 0.75 (W1N1) 0.462 0.408 0.501 0.49 0.53 0.49 (W1N2) 0.477 0.322 0.542 (W1N3) 0.469 0.433 0.528 (W1P1) 0.342 0.501 0.440 (W1P2) 0.621 0.504 0.556 Rata-rata 0.486 0.526 0.488 Waktu Pengamatan s y = 0.497e0.0103x Daun
Perlakuan 28-Apr 7 Juli 3-Aug
(W1N0) 0.440 0.130 0.365 0.25 0.50 0.75 (W1N1) 1.029 1.316 0.865 0.83 0.92 0.70 (W1N2) 1.029 1.316 0.865 (W1N3) 0.107 0.220 0.099 (W1P1) 0.734 0.570 0.481 (W1P2) 0.219 0.354 0.274 Waktu Pengamatan s y = -0.2691x + 0.9517
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Parameter koefisien partisi nitrogen Akar
Perlakuan 28-Apr 7 Juli 3-Aug 20-Oct
(W1N0) 0.58 0.66 0.75 1.15 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 (W1N1) 0.58 0.99 1.08 0.83 0.580 0.758 0.874 0.980 (W1N2) 0.58 0.62 0.79 0.97 (W1N3) 0.58 0.67 0.76 0.86 0.99 (W1P1) 0.58 0.77 0.83 0.91 (W1P2) 0.58 0.70 0.86 0.99 Rata-rata 0.580 0.758 0.874 0.980 Waktu Pengamatan s y = 0.5264x + 0.4691, R2 = 0.9836 Batang
Perlakuan 28-Apr 7 Juli 3-Aug 20-Oct
(W1N0) 0.88 0.70 0.80 1.33 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 (W1N1) 0.88 1.47 1.43 0.81 0.880 1.184 1.368 1.461 (W1N2) 0.88 1.39 1.87 2.25 (W1N3) 0.88 0.74 0.86 0.97 1.5 (W1P1) 0.88 1.17 1.21 1.13 (W1P2) 0.88 0.98 1.27 1.55 Rata-rata 0.880 1.184 1.368 1.461 Waktu Pengamatan s y = 0.7706x + 0.7414, R2 = 0.9436
Parameter koefisien partisi nitrogen
Daun Waktu Pengamatan
Perlakuan 28-Apr 7 Juli 3-Aug 20-Oct s
(W1N0) 2.63 3.14 3.53 3.46 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 (W1N1) 2.63 2.32 3.35 3.74 2.630 2.726 3.468 3.770 (W1N2) 2.63 2.72 3.52 4.12 y = 1.6647x + 2.1082, R2 = 0.9258 (W1N3) 2.63 3.40 3.88 4.36 3.77 (W1P1) 2.63 2.85 3.57 4.18 (W1P2) 2.63 2.95 3.57 3.65 Rata-rata 2.630 2.726 3.468 3.770
Parameter nitrogen tanaman
Nmax
Akar Batang Daun Biji
0.99 1.5 3.77 2.41
7.1. Biomasa tanaman di atas tanah (kg ha-1)
Waktu Pengamatan
12-May 1-Aug 20-Aug 20-Oct Perlakuan (W2N0) 6.918 902.791 2028.127 2769.623 εn0 0.607 259.741 576.006 575.221 (W2N1) 6.918 509.372 1073.523 3378.098 εn1 0.607 378.877 1035.262 1829.679 (W2N2) 6.918 913.802 1295.027 4479.495 εn2 0.607 248.730 494.686 238.561 (W2N3) 6.918 771.790 2083.675 3831.230 εn3 0.607 163.217 333.428 1025.012 (W2P1) 16.502 1792.802 3596.223 7986.309 εp1 1.448 597.284 1253.877 1657.523 (W2P2) 3.027 418.937 797.820 2204.273 εp2 0.266 139.846 363.020 833.450 (W2P3) 1.225 111.578 466.222 653.253 εp3 0.108 50.795 212.639 260.381
7.2. Indeks luas daun (unitless)
Waktu Pengamatan
12-May 9 Juni 7 Juli 1-Aug 20-Aug 1-Sep 6-Oct 20-Oct Perlakuan (W2N0) 0.008 0.122 1.160 1.733 2.318 2.693 3.913 4.213 εn0 0.002 0.049 0.473 1.110 1.713 1.648 1.585 0.815 (W2N1) 0.008 0.074 0.684 2.090 2.357 3.152 4.203 4.646 εn1 0.000 0.010 0.295 0.614 0.071 0.494 1.120 0.703 (W2N2) 0.008 0.159 1.047 1.884 3.160 4.534 5.104 5.149 εn2 0.000 0.017 0.584 0.283 0.184 1.124 0.407 1.066 (W2N3) 0.008 0.075 0.282 2.795 3.193 3.525 5.107 5.151 εn3 0.000 0.015 0.054 1.508 0.276 0.345 0.943 1.637 (W2P1) 0.019 0.245 1.668 4.759 5.537 7.555 10.663 10.731 εp1 0.001 0.043 0.610 1.889 0.823 1.969 2.181 1.989 (W2P2) 0.005 0.042 0.374 0.986 1.420 1.925 2.101 3.213 εp2 0.000 0.007 0.368 0.701 0.492 0.347 0.713 0.741 (W2P3) 0.002 0.031 0.177 0.493 1.147 1.006 0.990 0.602 εp3 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.007 0.005 0.003
7.3. Hasil tanaman (kg ha-1)
Waktu pengamatan Perlakuan
15-Sep 22-Sep 20-Oct Total
(W2N0) 37.547 23.266 60.813 121.627 (W2N1) 41.985 58.619 100.604 201.208 (W2N2) 171.144 66.586 238.008 476.016 (W2N3) 121.630 43.966 145.123 300.394 (W2P1) 212.375 121.010 333.385 666.770 (W2P2) 30.938 11.687 27.270 62.153 (W2P3) 36.125 11.631 47.756 95.511 7.4. Nitrogen tanah (kg ha-1) Waktu Pengamatan Perlakuan
12-May 1-Aug 20-Aug 20-Oct (W2N0) 553.686 666.474 540.112 652.114 εn0 190.966 229.867 186.285 224.914 (W2N1) 553.686 654.168 567.286 615.714 εn1 190.966 225.622 195.657 212.360 (W2N2) 553.686 583.674 630.977 519.846 εn2 190.966 201.309 217.624 179.295 (W2N3) 553.686 588.281 699.795 601.874 εn3 190.966 202.898 241.359 207.586 (W2P1) 553.686 655.193 620.792 626.738 εp1 190.966 225.976 214.111 216.162 (W2P2) 553.686 610.778 560.031 600.207 εp2 190.966 210.657 193.155 207.011 (W2P3) 553.686 603.477 647.804 565.217 εp3 190.966 208.139 223.428 194.943 7.4.1. Amonium Pengamatan Kedalaman
0 - 20 28-Apr 1-Aug 20-Aug 20-Oct (W2N0) 23.74 28.58 18.69 29.90 (W2N2) 23.74 26.60 25.06 23.74 (W2N3) 23.74 29.46 31.22 27.26 (W2N1) 23.74 29.02 19.13 28.58 (W2P1) 23.74 29.18 23.08 28.69 (W2P2) 23.74 29.18 23.74 27.37 (W2P3) 23.74 26.88 23.74 26.05
7.4.1. Lanjutan
Pengamatan Kedalaman
20 - 40 28-Apr 1-Aug 20-Aug 20-Oct (W2N0) 23.40 28.17 26.44 26.00 (W2N2) 23.40 26.87 27.09 20.80 (W2N3) 23.40 21.45 28.60 24.27 (W2N1) 23.40 26.87 28.17 24.27 (W2P1) 23.40 26.81 29.09 25.03 (W2P2) 23.40 23.40 23.89 24.05 (W2P3) 23.40 24.70 30.63 22.43 7.4.2. Nitrat Pengamatan Kedalaman
0 - 20 28-Apr 1-Aug 20-Aug 20-Oct (W2N0) 225.38 271.29 177.38 283.81 (W2N2) 225.38 252.51 237.90 225.38 (W2N3) 225.38 279.64 296.34 258.77 (W2N1) 225.38 275.47 181.56 271.29 (W2P1) 225.38 277.03 219.12 272.34 (W2P2) 225.38 277.03 225.38 259.82 (W2P3) 225.38 255.12 225.38 247.29 20 - 40 (W2N0) 281.16 338.43 317.61 312.40 (W2N2) 281.16 322.81 325.42 301.99 (W2N3) 281.16 257.73 343.64 291.57 (W2N1) 281.16 322.81 338.43 291.57 (W2P1) 281.16 322.16 349.50 300.69 (W2P2) 281.16 281.16 287.02 288.97 (W2P3) 281.16 296.78 368.05 269.45
7.5. Nitrogen tanaman (kg ha-1)
Waktu Pengamatan Perlakuan
12-May 1-Aug 20-Aug 20-Oct (W2N0) 0.169 28.468 67.966 118.044 εn0 0.015 8.200 19.360 24.579 (W2N1) 0.169 25.031 55.817 167.515 εn1 0.015 18.680 55.910 91.976 (W2N2) 0.169 44.432 71.569 197.667 εn2 0.015 12.091 26.960 11.230 (W2N3) 0.169 37.350 100.716 172.096 εn3 0.015 8.093 16.336 40.620 (W2P1) 0.403 76.939 166.362 363.353 εp1 0.035 26.049 62.187 75.589 (W2P2) 0.074 18.932 36.212 97.403 εp2 0.006 6.629 17.816 35.558 (W2P3) 0.030 5.591 19.476 30.735 εp3 0.003 2.620 8.921 15.156
7.6. Intersepsi radiasi surya (%)
Waktu Pengamatan 2
Juni 9 Juni Juni 16 Juni 23 30-Jun 7-Jul 28-Jul Aug 4- Aug 11- Aug 18- Aug 25- Sep 1- 8-Sep Sep 15- Sep 22- Sep 29- Oct 6- 10-Oct Oct 20-Perlakuan % Intersepsi (W2N0) 0.54 0.52 0.48 0.51 0.43 0.51 0.14 0.36 0.15 0.27 0.47 0.49 0.55 0.52 0.56 0.50 0.54 0.53 0.52 (W2N1) 0.38 0.36 0.42 0.36 0.41 0.50 0.57 0.21 0.13 0.24 0.51 0.55 0.55 0.50 0.56 0.52 0.51 0.52 0.50 (W2N2) 0.62 0.53 0.48 0.47 0.41 0.57 0.11 0.30 0.18 0.26 0.59 0.61 0.58 0.56 0.59 0.56 0.56 0.55 0.55 (W2N3) 0.45 0.46 0.51 0.53 0.43 0.45 0.11 0.30 0.19 0.23 0.50 0.56 0.57 0.53 0.56 0.52 0.55 0.54 0.50 (W1P1) 0.49 0.37 0.40 0.37 0.39 0.43 0.23 0.32 0.14 0.22 0.44 0.49 0.48 0.45 0.49 0.45 0.46 0.46 0.45 (W1P2) 0.51 0.51 0.49 0.45 0.47 0.58 0.23 0.25 0.16 0.23 0.54 0.55 0.59 0.55 0.60 0.55 0.57 0.56 0.56 (W1P3) 0.46 0.50 0.51 0.56 0.42 0.49 0.25 0.28 0.17 0.29 0.54 0.61 0.60 0.56 0.60 0.57 0.57 0.58 0.55
7.7.Kadar air tanah (mm)
Waktu Pengamatan 2
Juni 9 Juni Juni 16 Juni 23 Jun 30- 7-Jul 28-Jul Aug 4- Aug 11- Aug 18- Aug 25- 1-Sep 8-Sep Sep 15- Sep 22- Sep 29- Oct 6- Oct 10- Oct 20-Perlakuan
Kadar air tanah (mm)
0 - 20 (W2N0) 274.4 263.8 272.1 269.2 264.0 272.1 249.4 251.6 263.5 264.9 271.8 244.5 235.5 240.4 232.7 273.4 244.9 263.6 265.0 (W2N1) 269.3 249.3 252.6 262.2 262.2 249.8 246.7 251.2 248.3 230.5 231.2 245.5 264.7 247.8 251.8 240.2 241.7 264.6 245.8 (W2N2) 272.7 256.9 260.5 257.8 259.1 258.1 238.2 236.6 255.1 234.0 265.7 249.1 254.6 255.7 239.5 256.5 252.4 249.0 252.5 (W2N3) 261.2 248.0 257.6 261.9 257.8 263.3 228.2 235.7 242.1 227.9 260.9 243.7 272.4 243.2 243.6 254.7 249.4 279.5 248.1 (W1P1) 276.6 255.4 261.4 259.4 260.5 254.5 251.7 244.9 266.4 245.7 261.1 244.2 252.6 247.0 248.8 260.2 249.4 268.6 261.2 (W1P2) 268.3 253.9 262.5 263.6 263.5 264.9 232.5 251.9 253.2 239.0 240.7 249.3 264.9 234.6 239.9 262.4 254.2 252.8 245.3 (W1P3) 263.2 254.1 258.2 265.4 258.4 263.0 237.6 234.5 237.1 233.3 270.3 243.7 252.9 258.8 237.0 246.0 237.7 271.2 252.1
7.8. Kadar air tanah (mm) (Lanjutan)
Waktu Pengamatan 2
Juni 9 Juni Juni 16 Juni 23 Jun 30- 7-Jul 28-Jul Aug 4- Aug 11- Aug 18- Aug 25- 1-Sep 8-Sep Sep 15- Sep 22- Sep 29- Oct 6- Oct 10- Oct 20-Perlakuan
Kadar air tanah (mm)
20 - 40 (W2N0) 136.0 133.4 51.1 53.7 166.4 50.8 130.6 162.7 280.2 286.8 302.1 38.2 160.5 90.9 130.9 203.7 239.2 198.7 91.8 (W2N1) 220.9 90.1 222.8 169.1 135.6 123.1 111.5 86.4 133.2 156.5 181.7 0.5 100.7 244.6 54.9 9.5 -8.5 125.2 13.6 (W2N2) 268.6 130.2 161.4 106.4 108.0 56.1 115.1 106.4 203.5 174.7 266.4 28.9 22.9 -0.4 25.7 16.8 21.0 50.6 99.2 (W2N3) 266.2 192.8 219.0 178.7 185.5 170.1 91.5 147.4 67.2 24.5 265.6 8.8 40.9 229.1 -21.3 16.4 57.3 69.1 -11.3 (W1P1) 276.6 255.4 261.4 259.4 260.5 254.5 251.7 244.9 266.4 245.7 261.1 244.2 252.6 247.0 248.8 260.2 249.4 268.6 261.2 (W1P2) 268.3 253.9 262.5 263.6 263.5 264.9 232.5 251.9 253.2 239.0 240.7 249.3 264.9 234.6 239.9 262.4 254.2 252.8 245.3 (W1P3) 263.2 254.1 258.2 265.4 258.4 263.0 237.6 234.5 237.1 233.3 270.3 243.7 252.9 258.8 237.0 246.0 237.7 271.2 252.1 K L 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 355.5 T L P 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7 261.7
Lampiran 8. Parameter dalam model simulasi tanaman jarak pagar
No. Komponen Simbol Satuan Nilai
I. Cuaca
Tetapan psikrometer2) γ Pa°C 66.1
Massa jenis udara2) dair kg m-3 1 204.0 Panas laten penguapan2) lhv MJ kg-1 2 454.0
Kapasitas panas2) cp Pa°C 1 010.0
Albedo2) α unitless 0.23
II. Tanaman
Efisiensi penggunaan radiasi surya1) RUE kg MJ-1 0.0013
Luas daun spesifik1) sla ha kg-1 217
Koefisien pemadaman1) k
unitless 0.38 Koefisien respirasi pemeliharaan2) km 0.015
Koefisien respirasi pertumbuhan2) kg 0.14
Heat unit
Semai/Tanam – Emergency1) HU1 °C 190
Emergency – Kuncup bunga1) HU2 °C 1202
Kuncup bunga – Anthesis1) HU3 °C 460
Anthesis – Masak Fisiologis1) HU4 °C 1364
Suhu dasar (Aker, 1997) T0 °C 10
III. Tanah
Kapasitas lapang1) FC % 34.99
Titik layu permanen1) WP % 28.20
Tetapan U (Handoko, 1994) U mm 12
Tetapan α (Handoko, 1994) α mm 5.08
IV. Nitrogen tanaman
Konsentrasi N maksimum akar1) NmaxR % 0.99
Konsentrasi N maksimum batang1) NmaxS % 1.50
Konsentrasi N maksimum daun1) NmaxL % 3.77
Konsentrasi N maksimum biji1) NmaxG % 2.41
Lampiran 9. List program pemodelan tanaman jarak pagar Global dgwb, gwb, HI
Global SS, S0, PT, PTs, pi, gamma, dair, cp, lhv Global kp, km, LUE, kg, Nmin, mgmax
Global kam, knit, pH, OM Global WP1, WP2, TLPtotal Global FC1, FC2, KLtotal
Global panen, hari3(1 To 100), hari4(1 To 100) As Integer Global BGen(0 To 100), ym, HST(0 To 100), gw2, dtaun Global TGW As Single
'soil evaporation information:
Global dlayer, U, CEs1, CEs2, times, Esa, alpha Global Fint, hujan, PInf, Irrig, Esm, p
Global timeso, rained Global Esx
'transpiration variable:
Global Tsa, Tsa1, Tsm, rew(1 To 4), Swccrit Global frl, frlx, dplet, wdf, CWSI
'evapotranspiration: Global TET, Etm, Etp, Eta 'Soil information:
Global z1(1 To 4), z2(1 To 4), layer, nlayer, tlayer, dsowing, front As Integer Global FC(1 To 4), WP(1 To 4), TKAT
Global rdepth, drdepth 'Water balance
Global perc(1 To 4), runoff, Irrigasi, swc(1 To 4) Global AInf, Infmax, SM(1 To 366, 1 To 4) 'Phenology
Global TUat, TUtm, TUanth, TUmat Global s1, s2, s3, s4, s
Global Tb1, Tb2, Tb3, Tb4 Global Tave, TU, dTU Global dsmat, smat
Global jhari1, jhari2, jhari3, jhari4, jhari41(1 To 100) 'weather
Global sinld, d, cosld, sinb, arg, arccos, dlen, esat, ea, RH, vpd, delta Global albs, albc, alb
Global sangot, nN, radiasi, Rlw, Rn Global f1
'Dry matter
Global pG, pS, pL, pR, Grno, wpg, slw Global Sint
Global GDMp, SLNitrogen, NL, ndf, GDMa Global Q10, RmL, RmS, RmR, RmG Global dLW, dSW, dRW, dGW
Global LW, SW, RW, SW1, LW1, ILD1, NL1, dNL Global pw, ILD, TW, GW, dILD, dTW, TWp Global Wveg, dRes, senesS, dWpg, dGW2, dGW1 'Nitrogen tanaman
Global NLtrans, NStrans, Npool, Nup
Global NmaxL, NmaxS, NmaxR, NdemL, NdemS, NdemR Global NdemT, NS, NR
Global NdemG, dNsur, NG
Global NactG, NactL, NactS, NactR, NT 'Nitrogen_tanah
Global pupukNH4, pupuk, vola1, vola2 Global NO3c, NH4c, Nminc
Global rwf(1 To 4), dNH4, leach Global leaching
Global rpH, dNO3p, dNO3a Global Nuptmf, Nupt Global TNup, NH4, NO3 'Lain-lain
Global jdate, dtanggal As String
Global kiri, atas, pCuaca, pnerair, plapisan, kasus Global lokasi, kl1, kl2, tlp1, tlp2, aa, bh, n% Global Tleaching, Ttanah, Tvola, Nawal
Global OptIrigasi, OptTadah, OptIr64, OptCiliwung As Boolean
Global Ihujan(1 To 366), Iradiasi(1 To 366), ITave(1 To 366), ITmax(1 To 366), ITmin(1 To 366), IRH(1 To 366), Angin(1 To 366), Daun(1 To 366), Virig(1 To 366)
Global input1, input2, input4, input5, output1, Output2 Global Tanggal, pminS
Global Thujan, wind Global DAS, Photo Global j, k% Global lat
'module untuk model cuaca
Global nday(1 To 13), tnday(1 To 14), fw(1 To 13), ar(1 To 13), CH(1 To 13) Global HH(1 To 13), P00(1 To 13), P10(1 To 13), P11(1 To 13)
Global CHf(1 To 13), HHf(1 To 13) Global g1, g2, gv
Global rained_yesterday, Lintang2, Bujur2, Tinggi2
Global Grain(1 To 366), Gradiasi(1 To 366), Gsunshine(1 To 366)
Global GHari(1 To 366), GBulan(1 To 366), GTmax(1 To 366), GTmin(1 To 366), GTave(1 To 366), GRH(1 To 366)
Global TBulan, Train, THH, Tsol Global Tsunshine, TTmax, TTmin, TRH Global output
Global lintang, bujur
Global tinggi, chb1, chb2, chb3, chb4, chb5, chb6, chb7, chb8 Global chb9, chb10, chb11, chb12
Global hhb1, hhb2, hhb3, hhb4, hhb5, hhb6 Global hhb7, hhb8, hhb9, hhb10, hhb11, hhb12
Global lintang1, bujur1, alti, ch1, ch2, ch3, ch4, ch5, ch6, ch7, ch8, ch9, ch10, ch11, ch12
Global hh1, hh2, hh3, hh4, hh5, hh6, hh7, hh8, hh9, hh10, hh11, hh12 Global zg, prod, kount, ag, BG, L, rn1, uag, x, rn2
Global ubg, y, w, rn3
Global hari2(1 To 366), bulan2(1 To 366), sunshine2(1 To 366), ITave2(1 To 366)
Global Tlayu, Klap
Global input3, output3, persen Global satuperiode
Global hasilb, hasil4, hasil6, hasil8, hasil10, hasil12, hasil18, hasil20 As Currency
Public Sub dry_matter() dry_matter:
If s < 0.25 Then Call fase_1 If s < 0.25 Then GoTo transisi If pS >= 0.346 Then
pS = 0.346
Else: pS = 0.1108 * Log(TU) - 0.4817 '= 0.1215 * Log(TU) - 0.5304 End If
If pR >= 0.18 Then pR = 0.18
Else: pR = 0.0523 * Log(TU) - 0.2189 '0.059 * Log(TU) - 0.2664 End If
If s = 1 Then
panen = panen + 1
BGen(panen) = 0.225 * GW jhari41(panen) = jhari4
HST(panen) = DAS dGW = 0: GW = 0.225 * GW s = 0.9: s4 = 2 If panen = 4 Then s = 1 If panen < 4 Then TGW = TGW + GW End If If panen > 0 Then pL = 1.0692 - 0.8121 * s GoTo bb End If If s > 0.5 Then If s > 0.83 Then If pL > 0.021 Then pL = pL - 0.021 Else pL = 0 Else: pL = (-0.0002 * TU + 0.7835) ' 0.7015 - 0.0002 * TU End If If s < 0.75 Then ) 0103 . 0 ( exp 497 . 0 s pS = s pL=0.9517−0.2691 End If bb: pG = 1 - (pS + pR + pL) Else pL = 1 - (pS + pR) pG = 0 End If
'specific leaf weight(kg/Ha) : slw = 217 * Exp(0.0005 * TU) If slw > 217 Then slw = 217 Else: slw = slw End If 'Intercepted radiation (MJ/m2/d) : ILD = LW / slw
If ILD < 0 Then ILD = 0
Sint = radiasi * (1 - Exp(-kp * ILD))
'Potential gross dry matter production (kg/ha/d) : GDMp = RUE * Sint * 10 ^ 4
'Actual gross dry matter production (kg/ha/d) : ' If s < 1 Then
If wdf < 0.46 Then wdf = 0.46 Else wdf = wdf GDMa = (1 - kg) * GDMp
'Respirasi maintenance setiap organ tanaman(kg/ha/d): Q10 = 2 ^ ((Tave - 20) / 10) RmL = km * Q10 * LW RmS = km * Q10 * SW RmR = km * Q10 * RW RmG = km * Q10 * GW 'Pembagian biomasa : dLW = (pL * GDMa - RmL) dRW = (pR * GDMa - RmR) dSW = (pS * GDMa - RmS) dGW = (pG * GDMa - RmG) If dSW < 0 Then dSW = 0 SW = SW + dSW: RW = RW + dRW LW = LW + dLW: GW = GW + dGW TW = SW + RW + LW + GW TGW = TGW + dGW Air Tanaman = -0.014 * TW + 80.479 'Hitung panjang akar (mm)
drdepth = 1.4 * TU * wdf rdepth = rdepth + drdepth
If rdepth > tlayer Then rdepth = tlayer transisi:
End Sub
Public Sub phenology()
If s >= 0.75 Then GoTo fase_keempat If s >= 0.5 Then GoTo fase_ketiga If s >= 0.25 Then GoTo fase_kedua fase_pertama: jhari1 = jhari1 + 1 If Tave > Tb1 Then s1 = s1 + 0.25 * (Tave - Tb1) / TUat If s1 > 0.25 Then s1 = 0.25 dTU = Tave - Tb1 Else: GoTo stage End If
fase_kedua: jhari2 = jhari2 + 1 If Tave > Tb2 Then s2 = s2 + 0.25 * (Tave - Tb2) / TUtm If s2 > 0.25 Then s2 = 0.25 dTU = Tave - Tb2 Else: GoTo stage End If
If s2 < 0.25 Then GoTo stage fase_ketiga: jhari3 = jhari3 + 1 If Tave > Tb3 Then s3 = s3 + 0.25 * (Tave - Tb3) / TUanth If s3 > 0.25 Then s3 = 0.25 dTU = Tave - Tb3 Else: GoTo stage End If
If s3 < 0.25 Then GoTo stage fase_keempat:
jhari4 = jhari4 + 1 If Tave > Tb4 Then
dsmat = 0.25 * (Tave - Tb4) / TUmat s4 = s4 + dsmat
dTU = Tave - Tb4 Else: dsmat = 0 End If
If s4 > 0.25 Then s4 = 0.25 smat = smat + dsmat stage:
s = s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 TU = TU + dTU
End Sub
Public Sub Soil_evaporation() 'If hujan < Fint Then Fint = hujan
If ILD < 3 Then Fint = 0.4233 * ILD Else Fint = 1.27 If hujan < Fint Then Fint = hujan
'Potensial infiltration (INF), mm : PInf = hujan - Fint + Irrig
'evaporasi maksimum, mm: Esm = Etm * Exp(-kp * ILD) If Esm < 0 Then Esm = 0 p = PInf
If CEs1 >= U Then GoTo stage2 stage1:
If p >= CEs1 Then CEs1 = 0 Else CEs1 = CEs1 - p cumes1:
CEs1 = CEs1 + Esm
If CEs1 < U Then Esa = Esm Else GoTo transition GoTo bufferevap
transition:
Esa = Esm - 0.4 * (CEs1 - U) CEs2 = 0.6 * (CEs1 - U) times = (CEs2 / alpha) ^ 2 GoTo bufferevap
stage2:
If p >= CEs2 Then GoTo storm times = times + 1
timeso = times - 1
Esa = alpha * Sqr(times) - alpha * Sqr(timeso) If p > 0 Then GoTo rained
If Esa > Esm Then Esa = Esm cumes2:
CEs2 = CEs2 + Esa - p GoTo bufferevap storm: p = p - CEs2 CEs1 = U - p If p > U Then CEs1 = 0 GoTo cumes1 rained: Esx = 0.8 * p
If Esx <= Esa Then Esx = Esa + p If Esx > Esm Then Esx = Esm Esa = Esx
GoTo cumes2 bufferevap:
If swc(1) < 0.5 * WP(1) Then Esa = 0 If swc(1) > FC(1) Then Esa = Esm
'Transpirasi maksimum (mm):
Tsm = (Etm - Esm) * (1.42 + (1 - 1.42) * (Esa / Esm)) 'Infiltrasi aktual, mm:
AInf = 0.6 * PInf Etp = Esm + Tsm
If Etm < Etp Then Etm = Etp End Sub
Public Sub weather() 'Solar declination (degree): i = DAS
ij = i + j
If ij > 365 Then ij = ij - 365
d = -23.4 * Cos(2 * pi * (ij + 10) / 365) 'Daylength, dlen (hours):
sinld = Sin(lat * pi / 180) * Sin(d * pi / 180) cosld = Cos(lat * pi / 180) * Cos(d * pi / 180) sinb = Sin(-0.833 * pi / 180)
arg = (sinb - sinld) / cosld
arccos = Atn(-arg / Sqr(-arg * arg + 1)) + 2 * Atn(1) dlen = 24 / pi * arccos
'Vapour pressure (Kpa):
esat = 0.61078 * Exp(17.27 * Tave / (Tave + 237.3)) ea = RH * esat / 100
vpd = esat - ea
'Slope of vapour pressure (KPa/oC): delta = 4098 * esat / (Tave + 237.3) ^ 2 'Albedo (unitless) :
alb = 0.23
'Long wave radiation (MJ/m2/d): sangot = 58.75 * (sinld + cosld) nN = (radiasi / sangot - 0.29) / 0.52 Rlw = 4.9 * (10 ^ -9) * ((Tave + 273) ^ 4) * (0.56 - 0.08 * Sqr(ea)) * (0.1 + 0.9 * nN) 'Net radiation (MJ/m2/d): Rn = (1 - alb) * radiasi - Rlw 'Evapotranspirasi maksimum(mm): A1 = 0.408 * Rn * delta
A2 = gamma * 900 * wind * vpd / (Tave + 273) A3 = delta + gamma * (1 + 0.34 * wind)
Etm = (A1 + A2) / A3 If Etm < 0 Then Etm = 0 End Sub
Public Sub Parameter() 'Parameter cuaca: pi = 3.1415926 gamma = 0.067 lhv = 2.454 dair = 1.204 cp = 1010 'Parameter evaporasi: alpha = 5.08 U = 12
'Titik layu permanen(%,V): WP1 = tlp1 WP2 = tlp2 'Kapasitas lapang (%,V): FC1 = kl1 FC2 = kl2 'Penology Tb1 = 10: Tb2 = 10: Tb3 = 10: Tb4 = 10 TUat = 190: TUtm = 1202 TUanth = 460: TUmat = 1364 'Dry matter km = 0.015 kp = 0.38
If ndf < wdf the RUE = 0.0013*ndf Else RUE = 0.0013*wdf kg = 0.13
slw = 217
End Sub
Public Sub inialisasi() 'soil information: nlayer = 4
For layer = 1 To nlayer dlayer = 250
tlayer = tlayer + dlayer If layer = 1 Or layer = 2 Then FC(layer) = FC1 * dlayer / 100 WP(layer) = WP1 * dlayer / 100 Else:
FC(layer) = FC2 * dlayer / 100 WP(layer) = WP2 * dlayer / 100 End If
swc(layer) = FC(layer) z2(layer) = tlayer
z1(layer) = z2(layer) - dlayer KLtotal = KLtotal + FC(layer) TLPtotal = TLPtotal + WP(layer) Next layer 'soil evaporation : front = 1 CEs1 = U CEs2 = 0 times = 0 Es = 0 'At Sowing j = Tanggal dsowing = 30 'mm
rdepth = dsowing: rew(1) = 1 s1 = 0: s2 = 0: s3 = 0: s4 = 0: s = 0 TW = 10: SW = 0: RW = 0: LW = 0 NactL = 7: NactS = 5: NactR = 5 NL = NactL * LW / 100 NH4 = 23.57 * 1.4 * dlayer / 100 NO3 = 68.19 * 1.4 * dlayer / 100 rdepth = 50 Nawal = NH4 + NO3 wdf = 1 End Sub
Public Sub neraca_air() If layer = 1 Then
swc(layer) = swc(layer) + AInf - Esa - Tsa1 If swc(layer) > FC(layer) Then
perc(layer) = swc(layer) - FC(layer) swc(layer) = FC(layer)
Else: perc(layer) = 0 End If
Else:
swc(layer) = swc(layer) + perc(layer - 1) - Tsa1 If swc(layer) > FC(layer) Then
perc(layer) = swc(layer) - FC(layer) swc(layer) = FC(layer)
End If End If 'bufferwbal:
If swc(layer) < 0 Then swc(layer) = 0 TKAT = TKAT + swc(layer)
End Sub
Public Sub transpirasi() If rdepth <= z1(layer) Then frl = 0
Else:
If rdepth > z2(layer) Then
frl = z2(layer) - z1(layer): front = layer Else: frl = rdepth - z1(layer): front = layer End If
If z1(layer) < dsowing Then frl = frl - dsowing End If
'Fraksi reduksi transpirasi dari akar If rdepth <> dsowing Then frlx = frl / (rdepth - dsowing) Else: frlx = 0 End If If frlx > 1 Then frlx = 1 If frlx < 0 Then frlx = 0 dplet = 0.7 - 0.04 * Etm
'Fraksi reduksi transpirasi dari tanah (rew, unitless):
Swccrit = WP(layer) + (1 - dplet) * (FC(layer) - WP(layer)) If swc(layer) <= WP(layer) Then
rew(layer) = 0
Else: rew(layer) = (swc(layer) - WP(layer)) / (Swccrit - WP(layer)) End If
If rew(layer) > 1 Then rew(layer) = 1 If rew(layer) < 0.05 Then rew(layer) = 0.05
'Actual transpiration (mm) : Tsa1 = Tsm * rew(layer) * frlx Tsa = Tsa + Tsa1
If Tsa > Tsm Then Tsa = Tsm If Tsa < 0.01 Then Tsa = 0.01
'Water defisit factor: Eta = Esa + Tsa If Etm > 0 Then wdf = Eta / Etm
Else: wdf = 0 End If End Sub
Public Sub reset_var()
TGW = 0: TKAT = 0: KLtotal = 0: TLPtotal = 0 gw2 = 0: Var = "": jumlahhari = 0: dpanen1 = 0 DAS = 0: s = 0: ILD = 0: TET = 0: TW = 0: GW = 0 j = 0: k% = 0: lhv = 0: alpha = 0: WP1 = 0
Tsa = 0: Tsm = 0: rew(1) = 0: rew(2) = 0: rew(3) = 0: rew(4) = 0: rdepth = 0: tlayer = 0: FC1 = 0: FC2 = 0
Thujan = 0: TU = 0: Etm = 0 pi = 0: gamma = 0: dair = 0: cp = 0
dlayer = 0: U = 0: CEs1 = 0: CEs2 = 0: times = 0: Es = 0 WP1 = 0: WP2 = 0
kam = 0: knit = 0: pH = 0: OM = 0
Tb = 0: TUat = 0: TUtm = 0: TUanth = 0: TUmat = 0 km = 0: LUE = 0: kg = 0: Nmin = 0: mgmax = 0
s1 = 0: s2 = 0: s3 = 0: s4 = 0: LW = 0: SW = 0: RW = 0: NactL = 0: NactS = 0: NactR = 0: NH4 = 0: NO3 = 0
sinld = 0: d = 0: cosld = 0: sinb = 0: arg = 0: arccos = 0: dlen = 0: esat = 0: ea = 0: vpd = 0: delta = 0
albs = 0: albc = 0: alb = 0
sangot = 0: nN = 0: Rlw = 0: Rn = 0 f1 = 0
hasil1 = 0: hasil2 = 0: hasila = 0: hasil3 = 0: hasil5 = 0: hasil7 = 0: hasil9 = 0: hasil11 = 0:
hasilb = 0: hasil4 = 0: hasil6 = 0: hasil8 = 0: hasil10 = 0: hasil12 = 0: hasil17 = 0: hasil18 = 0:
Fint = 0: hujan = 0: Inf = 0: Esm = 0: p = 0 timeso = 0: rained = 0
Esx = 0
Tsa = 0: Esa = 0: Eta = 0 For i = 1 To 100 BGen(i) = 0 Next i panen = 0 'Phenology dsmat = 0: smat = 0 'Dry matter pG = 0: pS = 0: pL = 0: pR = 0: Grno = 0: wpg = 0: slw = 0
wdf = 0: Sint = 0: GDMp = 0: SLNitrogen = 0: NL = 0: ndf = 0: GDMa = 0 Q10 = 0: RmL = 0: RmS = 0: RmR = 0: RmG = 0
drdepth = 0 'Nitrogen tanaman
NLtrans = 0: NStrans = 0: Npool = 0: Nup = 0
NmaxL = 0: NmaxS = 0: NmaxR = 0: NdemL = 0: NdemS = 0: NdemR = 0 NdemT = 0: NS = 0: NR = 0: NdemG = 0: dNsur = 0: NG = 0
NactG = 0: NT = 0 'Transpiration Swccrit = 0: Tsa1 = 0 'Water balance 'perc = 0
runoff = 0: AInf = 0: PInf = 0: Infmax = 0 'Nitrogen_tanah
pupukNH4 = 0: vola1 = 0: vola2 = 0
NO3c = 0: NH4c = 0: Nminc = 0: dNH4 = 0: leach = 0
nlayer = 0: leaching = 0: rpH = 0: dNO3p = 0: dNO3a = 0: Nuptmf = 0: Nupt = 0: TNup = 0
'Lain-lain
Tleaching = 0: Ttanah = 0: Tvola = 0: Nawal = 0 jhari1 = 0: jhari2 = 0: jhari3 = 0: jhari4 = 0 radiasi = 0: Tave = 0: RH = 0: Irrig = 0: wind = 0 End Sub
Public Sub fase_1() wdf = 1 Q10 = 2 ^ ((Tave - 20) / 10) SW = s * TW * (1 - km * Q10) RW = s * TW * (1 - km * Q10) LW = s * TW * (1 - km * Q10) slw = 217 * Exp(0.0006 * TU) ILD = LW / slw * wdf TWp = SW + RW + LW TW = SW + RW + LW + (TW - TWp) End Sub
Public Sub keluar()
out1 = MsgBox("Anda yakin akan keluar dari program ?", vbQuestion + vbOKCancel, "Model Simulasi Tanaman Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)") If out1 = vbOK Then
End Else End If End Sub
Public Sub aaa() For i% = 1 To 9
hasila = hasila + a(i%) hasilb = hasilb + b(i%) Next i%
End Sub
Public Sub bbb() For i% = 10 To 10 hasil3 = hasil3 + a(i%) hasil4 = hasil4 + b(i%) Next i%
End Sub
Public Sub ccc() For i% = 11 To 12 hasil5 = hasil5 + a(i%) hasil6 = hasil6 + b(i%) Next i%
End Sub
Public Sub ddd() For i% = 13 To 14 hasil7 = hasil7 + a(i%) hasil8 = hasil8 + b(i%) Next i%
End Sub
Public Sub eee() For i% = 15 To 15 hasil9 = hasil9 + a(i%) hasil10 = hasil10 + b(i%) Next i%
End Sub Public Sub fff() For i% = 16 To 19
hasil11 = hasil11 + a(i%) hasil12 = hasil12 + b(i%) Next i%
End Sub
Public Sub Neraca_nitrogen()
If DAS = 10 Or DAS = 90 Then pupukNH4 = pupuk / 2 Else pupukNH4 = 0 NH4 = NH4 + pupukNH4
vola1 = vola1 + pupukNH4 - vola2 vola2 = 0.015 * vola1
'konsentrasi nitrat dan amonium:
If (swc + perc) > 0 Then NO3c = NO3 / (swc + perc) Else NO3c = 0 If (swc + perc) > 0 Then NH4c = NH4 / (swc + perc) Else NH4c = 0 Nminc = NO3c + NH4c 'Mineralisasi : rwf = -0.039 + 1.02 * swc / FC1 'amonifikasi: dNH4 = kam * Q10 * OM 'leaching: If swc >= WP1 Then If runoff <= 0 Then leach = 0 Else
leach = NO3 * runoff / (runoff + FC1) End If
Else
dNH4 = 0: rwf = 0: leach = 0 End If
Tleaching = Tleaching + leach
'IF l=nlayer THEN leaching=leach(l) 'pengaruh pH: If pH < 5 Or pH > 8 Then rpH = 0 Else If pH <= 7 Then rpH = (pH - 5) / 2 Else rpH = 8 - pH End If 'nitrifikasi potensial: dNO3p = knit * NH4 'nitrifikasi aktual: If rwf <= rpH Then dNO3a = Q10 * dNO3p * rwf Else dNO3a = Q10 * dNO3p * rpH End If OM = OM - dNH4: NH4 = NH4 - dNO3a + dNH4 NO3 = NO3 - leach + dNO3a
If NO3 < 0 Then NO3 = 0 Ttanah = (NO3 + NH4)
'---
'Laju pengambilan N oleh tanaman tiap lapisan: '---
If NdemT > 0 Then Nuptmf = Tsa * Nminc Nupt = Nuptmf
Else
Nuptmf = 0: Nupt = 0 End If
Nup = Nuptmf + Nupt If Nup > NdemT Then Nup = NdemT End If
'---
'Total pengambilan N oleh tanaman: '---
If Nup > (NH4 + NO3) Then
Nup = (NH4 + NO3): NH4 = 0: NO3 = 0 End If
If (NO3 + NH4) > 0 Then
NO3 = NO3 - Nup * NO3 / (NO3 + NH4) NH4 = NH4 - Nup * NH4 / (NO3 + NH4) Else
NO3 = 0: NH4 = 0 End If
TNup = TNup + Nup End Sub
'Kandungan N (kg/ha) tiap organ : If s < 0.25 Then GoTo semai
'Translokasi N dari Daun/Batang ke Biji:
If dLW < 0 And NactL > 1 Then NLtrans = -dLW * (NactL - 1) / 100 Else NLtrans = 0
If dSW < 0 And NactS > 1 Then NStrans = -dSW * (NactS - 1) / 100 Else NStrans = 0
'Jumlah N tersedia :
Npool = Nup + NLtrans + NStrans If Npool < 0 Then Npool = 0 If s > 0.75 Then GoTo pengisian 'Konsentrasi maksimum :
NmaxL = 7 - 10 * (s - 0.25) NmaxS = 5 - 6 * (s - 0.25) NmaxR = 5 - 6 * (s - 0.25) 'Kebutuhan N organ vegetatif :
If dLW > 0 And NmaxL > NactL Then NdemL = dLW * NmaxL / 100 Else NdemL = 0
If dSW > 0 And NmaxS > NactS Then NdemS = dSW * NmaxS / 100 Else NdemS = 0
If dRW > 0 And NmaxR > NactR Then NdemR = dRW * NmaxR / 100 Else NdemR = 0
'Total Kebutuhan N organ vegetatif : NdemT = NdemL + NdemS + NdemR If NdemT > 0 And s <= 0.75 Then
NL = NL + (NdemL / NdemT) * Npool - NLtrans NS = NS + (NdemS / NdemT) * Npool - NStrans NR = NR + (NdemR / NdemT) * Npool
End If
GoTo konsentrasi pengisian:
NmaxL = 3.77: NmaxS = 1.5: NmaxR = 0.99 NL = NL - NLtrans: NS = NS - NStrans If Npool > NdemG Then
dNsur = Npool - NdemG: NdemT = 0 Else
dNsur = 0: NdemT = NdemG - Npool End If
NG = NG + Npool - dNsur If GW > 0 Then
NactG = NG / GW * 100 If NactG > 3 Then NactG = 3 NdemG = (3 - NactG) * GW / 100 Else NactG = 0: NdemG = 0 End If konsentrasi: If NL < 0 Then NL = 0: If NS < 0 Then NS = 0 If NR < 0 Then NR = 0: If NG < 0 Then NG = 0 NT = NL + NS + NR + NG
If LW > 0 Then NactL = NL / LW * 100: If SW > 0 Then NactS = NS / SW * 100
If RW > 0 Then NactR = NR / RW * 100
If NactL < 1 Then NactL = 1: If NactS < 1 Then NactS = 1: If NactR < 1 Then NactR = 1
If NactL > NmaxL Then NactL = NmaxL If NactS > NmaxS Then NactS = NmaxS If NactR > NmaxR Then NactR = NmaxR GoTo balik semai: NL = NactL * LW / 100: NS = NactS * SW / 100 NR = NactR * RW / 100: NG = NactG * GW / 100 balik: End Sub Catatan Khusus:
Ucapatan terimakasih ditujukan kepada Ir. I Putu Santikayasa, M.Sc. atas bantuannya dalam memberikan sentuhan akhir dari program ini.
Lampiran 10. Uji t berpasangan antara model dan pengukuran percobaan II
No. Peubah Nitrogen
N0 N1 N2 N3 P1
t0.05 t0.025 t0.05 t0.025 t0.05 t0.025 t0.05 t0.025 t0.05
I. Submodel Perkembangan tn tn tn tn tn tn tn tn tn
II. Submodel Pertumbuhan
AGB tn tn tn tn tn tn * tn tn
ILD tn tn tn tn tn tn tn tn tn
III. Submodel Neraca Air
KAT * tn tn tn tn tn * tn tn ETa * tn tn tn tn tn * tn tn IV Submodel Nitrogen AGN * tn * tn tn tn tn tn tn N-tanah tn tn tn tn tn tn tn tn tn Rata-rata
Lampiran 11. Daftar simbol dalam diagram Forrester dan bahasa program
(a) (b) Deskripsi Satuan
1. Peubah keadaan (state variable)
LW WLeaf berat daun kg ha-1
SW WStem berat batang kg ha-1
RW WRoot berat akar kg ha-1
GW WGrain berat biji kg ha-1
AGB biomassa di atas tanah kg ha-1
Nl Nl kandungan nitrogen daun kg ha-1
Ns Ng kandungan nitrogen batang kg ha-1
Nr Nr kandungan nitrogen akar kg ha-1
Ng Ng kandungan nitrogen biji kg ha-1
Nres Nres kandungan nitrogen tersisa kg ha-1
NO3(1) NO3(l) nitrogen nitrat dalam tanah pada lapisan
m kg ha
-1
NH4(l) NH4(l) nitrogen amonium dalam tanah pada
lapisan m kg ha
-1
OM(1) On(1) nitrogen organik dalam tanah pada
lapiran m kg ha
-1
swc(1) θ(1) kandungan air tanah pada lapisan l (mm) mm 2. Laju aliran
GDMa GDMa laju produksi biomassa aktual kg ha-1 d-1 GDMp GDMp laju produksi biomassa potensial kg ha-1 d-1 dLW dLW pertumbuhan daun harian kg ha-1 d-1 dSW dSW pertumbuhan batang harian kg ha-1 d-1
dRW pertumbuhan akar harian kg ha-1 d-1
dGW pertumbuhan biji harian kg ha-1 d-1
dRes laju pertukaran cadangan batang kg ha-1 d-1 RmL respirasi pemeliharaan daun kg ha-1 d-1 RmS respirasi pemeliharaan batang kg ha-1 d-1 RmR respirasi pemeliharaan akar kg ha-1 d-1
RmG respirasi pemeliharaan biji kg ha-1 d-1
SenesS pelayuan batang kg ha-1 d-1
ETp ETp evapotranspirasi potensial mm d-1
ETm ETm evapotranspirasi maksimum mm d-1
Em Em evaporasi tanah maksimum mm d-1
Ea Ea evaporasi tanah aktual mm d-1
(a) (b) Deskripsi Satuan
Fint Ic intersepsi tajuk mm d-1
Inf Is infiltrasi mm d-1
Perc(1) Pc(1) perkolasi dari lapisan 1 mm d-1
Nup Nup serapan nitrogen tanaman kg ha-1 d-1 Nupt(1) NupT(l) serapan nitrogen tanaman dari lapisan 1 kg ha-1 d-1
Nupmf(1) Nuomf(1) serapan N oleh aliran massa dari lapisan 1 kg ha-1 d-1
dNH4(1) dNH4(1) laju amonifikasi dalam lapisan 1 kg ha-1 d-1 dNO3p(1) dNO3p(1) laju nitrifikasi potensial dalam lapisan 1 kg ha-1 d-1
dNO3a(1) dNO3a(1) laju nitrifikasi aktual dalam lapisan 1 kg ha-1 d-1
vola1 or 2 laju volatilisasi kg ha-1 d-1
leach LNO3(1) pencucian N dari lapisan 1 kg ha-1 d-1
3. Peubah bantu dan populasi
dlen p panjang hari h
ILD ILD indeks luas daun -
Grno NG jumlah biji -
rdepth r kedalaman akar mm
s s fase perkembangan tanaman -
wdf fw status air tanaman yang mempengaruhi
fotosintesis -
ndf ndf status N tanaman yang mempengaruhi
fotosintesis -
rwf(1) fθ(1) kandungan air tanah yang menentukan
laju nitrifikasi dalam lapisan 1 - rpH(1) fpH(1) faktor diperhitungkan dari pH pada
nitrifikasi dalam lapisan 1 -
pL ηl koefisien partisi daun -
pS ηs koefisien partisi batang -
NO3c(1) NO3c(1) konsentrasi nitrogen nitrat dalam lapisan
1
kg N ha-1
mm-1
NactL NactL konsentrasi N daun %
NactS NactS konsentrasi N batang %
NactR NactR konsentrasi N akar %
NactG NactG konsentrasi N biji %
NmaxL NmaxL konsentrasi N maksimum daun % NmaxS NmaxS konsentrasi N maksimum batang % NmaxR NmaxR konsentrasi N maksimum akar % NmaxG NmaxG konsentrasi N maksimum biji % NdemL NdemL kebutuhan nitrogen daun kg ha-1 NdemS NdemS kebutuhan nitrogen batang kg ha-1 NdemR NdemR kebutuhan nitrogen akar kg ha-1 NdemG NdemG kebutuhan nitrogen biji kg ha-1
(a) (b) Deskripsi Satuan NdemT NdemT total kebutuhan nitrogen kg ha-1
vpd (es-ea) defisit tekanan uap air mb delta ∆ gradien tekanan uap jenuh dan suhu udara Pa K-1 fl f(u) fungsi angin untuk menghitung ETp MJ m-2 Pa-1
4. Peubah luar
sol Q0 radiasi surya MJ m-2 d-1
rain CH curah hujan mm
T T suhu udara °C
RH - kelembapan relatif %
angin u kecepatan angin km h-1
pupukNO3 FNO3 pupuk nitrogen dalam bentuk NO3 kg ha-1
pupukNH4 FNH4 pupuk nitrogen dalam bentuk NH4 kg ha-1
5. Parameter
T0 T0 suhu dasar °C
HU HU satuan kalor d°C
RUE ε efisiensi penggunaan radiasi surya kg ha-1 SLNitrogen SLN nitrogen daun spesifik kg ha-1
WP(1) θwp(1) titik layu permanen mm
FC(1) θfc(1) kapasitas lapang mm
z1(1) z1(1) kedalaman pada atas lapisan 1 mm
z2(l) z2(l) kedalaman pada bawah lapisan 1 mm
dlayer(1) kedalaman lapisan 1 mm
nlayer - jumlah lapisan tanah -
U U konstanta evaporasi tanah tahap 1 mm alpha α konstanta evaporasi tanah rahap 2 mm
pH pH pH tanah -
k k koefisien pemadaman -
kg kg koefisien respirasi pertumbuhan -
km km koefisien respirasi pemeliharaan -
kam kam konstanta laju amonifikasi d-1
knit knit konstanta laju nitrifikasi d-1
lat Φ lintang (°)
gamma γ konstantas psikrometrik 66.1 Pa K-1
lhv λ bahang laten penguapan 2 454 MJ
kg-1
dair - kerapatan uap air 1.42 kg m-3
cp - kapasitas bahang dari udara 1 010 J kg-1 K-1
