Lampiran b Neraca Panas Ta42

(1)

PERHITUNGAN NERACA PANAS

1. Penentuan Kapasitas Panas (Cp)

Cp = A + Bt + Ct

22

_{+ Dt}

33

_{+ E/t}

22

dengan t = T(

00

_K)/1000

K

Ko

om

mp

po

on

neen

n

A

B

C

D

E

Na

Na2

2O.3,2SO

O.3,2SO2

2

2 2!

!..2

2"

"0

02

2

1 1#

#..3

3$

$"

"

%%&

&..$

$2

21 1!

!2

2

0 0..#

#"

"'

'2

20

02

2 %%0

0..'

'"

"$

$3

32 2"

"

SO

SO2

2

%%1

1..'

'&

&2

2'

'3

3 $

$&

&..1

1&

&1

1#

#"

"

%%!

!!

!..$

$2

2#

#2

2 '

'0

0..2

2#

#$

$"

"

0 0..0

00

00 0$

$0

0"

"



2

2SO

SO'

'

1

11 1..3

30

02 2'

'

'&

&..'

'"

"0

03

3 %%3

3&

&..'

'0

03 3"

"

1

10 0..#

#'

'3

3

0 0..1

1!

!$

$#

#$

$#

#

Na

Na2

2SO

SO'

'

'!

!..0

0"

"2

20

02

2 %%0

0..0

00

00 0!

!

0..0

0

00

03

3 %%3

3,,0

0"

"1

1$

$3

3&

&

1

10

0

%!%!

0.0000001

e. Natona -nttte o Standad and Tenoog (N-ST) Standad eeene Data4ae 2001

Cp 

Cp 2

2O = 1 5a/g

O = 1 5a/g

1. Neraca panas di dissoler Asa! Sul"at

T6an 7 mengtng 

T6an 7 mengtng  a5 Aam Sat 5ea da do8e

a5 Aam Sat 5ea da do8e

Tn = 30

00

_C

_T

_To

_o

_t

_t

₌

₉

_9....::

=

= 303

303

00

_K

;da ma5 pada T = 303

00

_K

Prarancangan Pabrik Precipitated Silica Proses Asidifkasi Larutan Alkali Silikat Prarancangan Pabrik Precipitated Silica Proses Asidifkasi Larutan Alkali Silikat Kapasitas 40.000 ton/tahun

Kapasitas 40.000 ton/tahun

B%1

D%02

(2)

Komponen

Kmo



2"# 303 dT Cp

<

2SO'

31,'2"'

%0.1201'1

%3.!!&"$'

2O

(dm

5g)

$2,"101

%&

%31'.&&0&

ma

%31#.32$&

>ana pengenean Aam Sat "#? men6ad Aam Sat &? pada T=2"#

0

_{K e4ea}

%13#3.### 55a/5mo

< = m  @

< = 31.'2"' 5mo  (%13#3.### 55a/5mo)

< = %'3'"'.!! K5a

<ot = %'3'"'.!! K5a + %31#.32$& 55a = %'3#13.0"$ K5a

<ot =







) . 2"# ... ( ) .. 2"# ... ( dT Cp dT Cp 2 ' 2SO O

%'3#13.0"$ K5a =







) . 2"# ... ( ) .. 2"# ... ( dT Cp dT Cp 2 ' 2SO O

dengan ta ddapat5an  Aam Sat &? 5ea da do8e = !11

o

C. Dngn5an  aam at 5ea do8e = "&

0

_{C (3$3 K), engga pe}

dgna5an pendngn pada do8e.

Komponen

Kmo



3$3 2"# dT Cp

<

2SO'

31,'2"'

1,!1$"

&3,"$2#"

2O

(dm

5g)

&#&$",3

!

3$#'$01

ma

3$#'$&'

Prarancangan Pabrik Precipitated Silica Proses Asidifkasi Larutan Alkali Silikat

(3)

>ana ang deap oe a = %'3#13.0"$ K5a + 3$#'$&' 55a

= 3$'0#'1 55a

ad 5ao e4ana5 3$'0#'1 55a 5e ng5ngan ang a5an deap oe pendngn

at a dengan Cp = 1 55a/5g dan

∆

T ang d5eenda5 adaa 1&

0

C

T pendngn ma5 = 303

0

_{K dan T pendngn 5ea = 31#}

0

_K

Sengga maa pendngn ang d4t5an 7

 =



_



31# 303

1 3$'0#'1

dT

Cp

Q

= 2'3.000 5g

#. Neraca Panas $i E%c&an'er Asa! Sul"at

T6an 7 mengtng  a5 pendngn (odm 5at)

Sodm 5at n = 30

0

_{C = 303}

0

_K

Tn ="&

0

_C

_Tot

₌

_#&

0

_C

= 3$#

0

_K

₌

_3&#

0

_K

Sodm 5at ot =9.:

;da pana ma5 pada T =3$#

0

K

Komponen

Kmo



2"# 3$# dT Cp

<



2

SO

'

31,'2"'

%1,!1$"

%&3,"$2



2

O

(daam

5g)

&#&$",3

%!0

%'0""#&1

(4)

*%01

ma

%'0"""0',"$2

;da pana 5ea pada T = 3&#

0

_K

Komponen

Kmo



3&# 2"#

dT

Cp

<



2

SO

'

31,'2"'

1,'$$

'$,102



2

O

(daam

5g)

&#&$",3

$0

3&1'1&#

ma

3&1'20',102

< = %&#&!00,#$ 55a

ad, ea5 meepa pana e4ea &#&!00,#$ 55a 5e ng5ngan ang a5an deap

oe pendngn at odm 5at.

;da dngn ma5 pada T=303

0

_K

Komponen

Kmo



2"# 303 dT Cp

<

Na

2

O.3,2SO

2

2#,&!2

%0,13'

%3,#32



2

O

(daam

5g)

11!0&,$

%&

%&#&2#

ma

%&#&31,#32

% &#&!00,#$ =%&#&31,#32 









 2"# ( . 2"# 2 2 , 3 . Na dT Cp dT Cp 2 2O SiO m O m

dengan ta ddapat5an  odm 5at 5ea da ooe = 3&3

0

_K

. Neraca Panas $i Reator

T6an 7 mengtng 5e4tan a pendngn

ate n T = 303 K

T n Na

2

O.3,2SO

2

=

3&3

K

Tot

=

3$3

K

(5)

Tn 2SO' = 3&# K

ate ot T = 31# K

>oe non otema non ada4at

<

pendngn

+ <ea5tan

= <ea5 + <

pod5

<ea5tan

= < 2SO' + < Na2O. 3,2 SO2

< 2SO' ma5 7

Komponen

5mo



2"# 3&# dt Cp

<

2SO'

31,'2"'

%1,'$$#

%'$,102

2O

&#&$",3

%$

%3&1'1&#

ma

%3&1'20',1

< Na2O. 3,2 SO2 ma5 7

Komponen

5mo



2"# 3&3 dt Cp

<

Na2O. 3,2 SO2

2#,&!2

%1,&3"

%'3,"!#

2O

(daam

5g)

11!0&,$

%&,&

%$''000

ma

%$''0'3,"!#

< ea5tan = %3&1'20',1 + (%$''0'3,"!#) = %'.1&#.2'#,0!# 55a

(6)

< pod5

Komponen

5mo



3$3 2"# dt Cp

<

Na2O. 3,2 SO2

0,1!1'

1,#32

0,31'

2SO'

3,02#$

1,&"1

',#20

SO2

"0,##2

0,#'#

!!,0!!

Na2SO'

2#,'01

3,0#$

#!,$$3

2O

(daam

5g)

!0!#$,$

$&

'$0112"

'$012"#,"

<ea5 = % = %( pod5

  ea5tan)



SO2

= %21!!00 55a/5mo



2O

= %$#31! 55a/5mo



Na2O.3,2 SO2

= %1"3"10 55a/5mo



2SO'

= %#!22&',# 55a/5mo



Na2SO'

= %32'1#2,$ 55a/5mo



= (2#,'01  %32'1#2,$) + (2#,'01  %$#31!) + (3,2  2#,'01 

%21!!00)F % (2#,'01  %1"3"10) + (2#,'01  %#!22&',#)F

< = 

= %$&2&00.'02 55a

<

pendngn

= <ea5 + <

pod5

+ <ea5tan

= %$&2&00.'02 + '$012"#," %'.1&#.2'#,0!#

= % 10"&!'3.2 55a

(7)

ad ea5 meepa 5ao e4ana5 10"&!'3.2 55a 5e ng5ngan ang a5an deap

oe pendngn at a dengan Cp = 1 55a/5g dan T ang d5eenda5 adaa

1&

0

_C

T pendngn ma5 = 303

0

_{K, T pendngn 5ea = 30#}

0

_K

Sengga maa pendngn ang d4t5an 7

m =



_



31# 303

1dT

10"&!'3,2

dT

Cp

<

= !30'",&'$ 5g

*. Neraca Panas di seitar Rotar+ ,acuu! -ilter

T6an 7 mengtng  tat 5ea te

ate n 303

0

_K

Tn = 3$$

0

_K

_Ta5e

₌

_9.:

;tat ot = $0

0

_C

S ma5 pada T = 3$$

0

_K

(8)

Komponen

5mo



2"# 3$3 dT Cp

<

SO

2

0,1!1

%1,#32

%0,31'

Na

2

O. 3,2

SO2

3,02#

%1,&"1

%',#20



2

SO

'

"0,##2

%0,#'#

%!!,0!!

Na

2

SO

'

2#,'00

%3,0$0

%#$,"3'



2

O

(daam

5g)

!0!#$,$

%$&

%'$0112"

ma

%'$012"#,1'&

<

n

= <

ot

<

 n

+ <

Gate n

= <

tat ot tota

+ <

a5e

A ma5 pada T = 303

0

K

<

Gate n

= m



2"#

303

dT Cp

= !1&$!,3& (%&) = %3&!#3$,!& 55a

;tat tota 5ea pada  333

0

_{K = a # + a "}

A #

Komponen

5mo



333 2"# dT Cp

<

Na

2

O.3,2SO

2

0,1!1

0,"$'

0,1$&



2

SO

'

3,02#

0,#'#

2,&!0

Na

2

SO

'

2$,$!3

1,$'#

'3,"$3



2

O

(daam

5g)

$$'#1,&

3&

232$#&2,&

ma

232$#"",1"#

(9)

A "

Komponen

5mo



333 2"# dt Cp

<

Na2SO'

1,!10

1,$'#

2,#1#

2O

(daam

5g)

"$3","!

3&

33!3"#,"&

ma

33!'01,!$#

<tat ot tota

= 232$#"",1"# + 33!'01,!$# = 2$$'300,"$$ 55a

<a5e = < n

+ <Gate n %

<tat ot tota

<a5e = %'$012"#,1'& %3&!#3$,!& % 2$$'300,"$$ = %!$23'3&,#$1 55a

%!$23'3&,#$1 55a =Hm



: 2"#

Cp

_{SO2 dTI + Hm }



: 2"#

Cp

_{Na2SO' dTI + Hm }



: 2"#

Cp

2O dTI

Da ta ddapat5an   5ea = 32",2

0

_{K = &$,2}

0

_C

. Neraca Panas di Rotar+ $r+er

<ot

<5

<m

Kapasitas 40.000 ton/tahun

B%"

(10)

<(!)

<(11)

>etngan

J(! ) = 1#21,'" 5g a/&'$','#3 5g 4aan 5eng = 0,3333

J(11) = "1,0!' 5g a/&'$','#3 5g 4aan 5eng = 0,01$$$

J(10) = J(!)  (11) = 0,31$$

>eamaan

7 < npt = < otpt

<(!) + <m = < 5 + <(11) + < ot



_{engtng <(!) 7}

< (!) =   (!)

 (!) =  SO2 +  2O +  Na2SO'



 SO2

= J Cp SO2 dT

=0,"""& 





323 2"# 3 2 '0,2#$"T !!,$2#2T % $0,1&1#"T (%1,'&2'31 )dT 0,000$0"/T2



=0,312'' K5a/5g 4aan 5eng



 Na2SO'

= J Cp Na2SO' dT

= 0,0000''





323 2"# 2 0,000003T 0,00000!T % ('!,0"202 )dT T 0.0000001/ % T 0 3,0"1$3&1 % %! 3 2

= 0,000&2#$ K5a/5g 4aan 5eng



 2O

= J Cp 2O dT

(11)

= 0,033333



323

2"#

dT

1 = #,33 K5a/5g 4aan 5eng

(!) = #,$'$2

<(!) =   (!) = &'$','#3  #,$'$2 = '!.2'!,'!$3 K5a



_{engtng <(11)}

<(11) =   (11)

(11) =  SO

2

+  Na

2

SO

'

+  

2

O



 SO

2

= J Cp SO

2

dT

=0,"""& 





333 2"# 3 2 '0,2#$"T !!,$2#2T % $0,1&1#"T (%1,'&2'31 )dT 0,000$0"/T2



=0,312'' K5a/5g 4aan 5eng



 Na

₂

SO

_'

= J Cp Na

₂

SO

_'

dT

= 0,000''





333 2"# 2 0,000003T 0,00000!T % ('!,0"202 )dT T 0.0000001/ % T 0 3,0"1$3&1 % %! 3 2

= 0,000&2 K5a/5g 4aan 5eng



 

2

O

= J(!) Cp 

2

O dT

(12)

= 0,01$$$



333

2"#

dT

1 = 0,&#3 K5a/5g 4aan 5eng

(11) = 0,#"$3 K5a/5g 4aan 5eng

<(11) =   (11) = &'$','#3  0,#"$3 = '.# "!,#' K5a

engtng 5e4tan daa pemana

Ldaa pengeng ma  ma = "0

0

_{C = 1"'}

0

_{; dengan ? = 10?}

Da pomet at dpeoe Mm = 0,0$&3

>eamaan ang dpa5a 7

m = (C

B

+ C

A

Mm)  (T



m  T



0) + @o  Mm

D mana C

B

= 0,2'

C

A

= 0,'&

engga

m = (0,2' + 0,'&  0,0'$)  (1"'

0

_{;  32}

0

_{;) + &"!,33  0,0$&3}

m = #2,$&&' K5a/5g daa 5eng

Ldaa 5ea de

5 = (C

B

+ C

A

M5)  (T



5  T



o) + @o  M5

D mana C

B

= 0,2'

C

A

= 0,'&

engga

5 = (0,2' + 0,'&  M5)  (1$!

0

_{; 32}

0

_{;) + &"!,33  M5}

5 = 3$,3$! + &"!,33  M5

Neaa pana

 (!) +  m =  (11) +  5 + <o

(13)

Opea De danang ada4at, ma5a < = 0, ma5a 7

 (m  5) = (!)  (11) F

 ( #2,$&&  ( 3$,3$ + &"!,33  M5) = &'$','#3( #,$'$ % 0,#"$ )

'$,2" % &"!,33  M5 = '2.3'",!'

...( 1 )

Neaa 5omponen a

 J(!) +  Mm =  J(11) +  M5

( J!  J11 ) =  ( M5  Mm )

&'$','#3 ( 0,333  0,01$ ) =  ( M5  0,0$& )

M5  0,0$& = 1.!32,2'

...( 2 )

Da peamaan 1 dan 2 dpeoe

 = 1''.1#&,#"

M5 = 0,0!!

engtng <m

<m =   m

<m = 11."1!.!'2,'1 55a



_{engtng <5}

<5 =   5

<5 = 11.#!'.3'3," 55a

/. Neraca Panas di Air Heater

T6an 7 mengtng 5e4tan team pemana

(14)

<

d

<

pana

< team

< npt = < otpt

< d + < team = < pana



_{engtng < d}

< d =    d

 d = (C

B

+ C

A

Md)  (T



m  T



0) + @o  Md

D mana C

B

=

0,2'

C

A

= 0,'&

 d = (0,2' + 0,'&  0,03#)  (#$

0

_{;  32}

0

_{;) + &"!,33  0,03#}

 d = 3$,&#1 55a/5g

< d = 1''.1#&,#" 5g  3$,&#1 55a/5g

< d = &.2!'.'$' 55a



_{engtng < pana}

< pana =   pana =   m

< pana = 11."1!.!'2,'1 55a

< team = < pana  < dngn

< team = 11."1!.!'2,'1 55a % &.2!'.'$' 55a

< team = $.$'3.2!#,3$ 55a

Se4aga pemana dgna5an atated team dengan  300

0

_{; dengan pana aten}

&&0,"'"& 55a/5g

(15)

ad 5e4tan team =

$.$'3.2!#,_&0&,&2$$_55a/5g3$55a

= 13.1'1,3 5g