IMPLEMENTASI CPOB
DALAM PEMASTIAN MUTU
PRODUK
Disampaikan pada Workshop Peningkatan Daya Saing Industri Farmasi
5 Oktober 2015, Malang – Jawa Timur
▸ Baca selengkapnya: soal tentang cpob
(2)TOPIK BAHASAN
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CPOB DALAM PEMASTIAN MUTU PRODUK
TOPIK
BAHASAN
PENUTUP
TEMUAN INSPEKSI
TREND PENGAWASAN OBAT BEREDAR PROFIL INDUSTRI DI JAWA TIMUR
TOPIK BAHASAN
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CPOB DALAM PEMASTIAN MUTU PRODUK
TOPIK
BAHASAN
PENUTUP
TEMUAN INSPEKSI
TREN PENGAWASAN OBAT BEREDAR PROFIL INDUSTRI DI JAWA TIMUR
PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN TERKAIT CPOB
1. Undang - Undang
2. Peraturan Pemerintah
Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 1989
tentang Perlindungan Konsumen
Undang-Undang No. 36 Tahun 2009 tentang Kesehatan
Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2009 tentang
Narkotika
Undang-Undang No. 5 Tahun 1997 tentang Psikotropika
Peraturan Pemerintah No. 72 Tahun 1998 tentang Pengamanan Sediaan Farmasi dan Alat Kesehatan
3.Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No. 1010
tahun 2008 tentang Registrasi Obat
Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan no16 Tahun 2013 tentang perubahan atas Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan No.1799 Tahun 2010 tentang Industri Farmasi
Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan No.
43/MENKES/SK/II/1998 tentang Pedoman Cara Pembuatan Obat Yang Baik
4. Keputusan
Menteri Kesehatan
PERATURAN PERUNDANG-UNDANGAN TERKAIT
CPOB
6. SKB Menpan dan Menkes No. 264 A/Menkes/SKB/VII/2003
tentang Tugas, Fungsi dan Kewenangan di Bidang Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan
5. Peraturan Kepala
Badan POM RI Peraturan Kepala Badan POM No HK.
03.1.33.12.12.8195 tahun 2012 tentang Penerapan Pedoman CPOB tahun 2012
Keputusan Kepala Badan POM No.
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TANTANGAN PENGAWASAN
OBAT DAN MAKANAN 2015-2019
• Jumlah dan variasi Obat dan Makanan yang beredar meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan Iptek
• Perubahan Gaya Hidup Masyarakat
• Teknologi, Deteksi dan Manajemen Risiko Semakin Canggih vs Kesiapan Infrastruktur dan SDM Bidang Pengawasan Obat dan Makanan
• Meningkatnya produk impor
• Tuntutan pengamanan pasar dalam negeri semakin gencar
• Daya Saing Produk Obat dan Makanan Indonesia, terutama yang diproduksi UMKM belum optimal
Globalisasi, MEA, persaingan
dagang
• Ekspektasi masyarakat terhadap perlindungan kesehatan meningkat
• Emerging dan Reemerging Diseases meningkatserta Perubahan Masalah Kesehatan
• Pengembangan JKN
perlindungan KINERJA POST
MARKET
FOKUS
PENGAWASAN OBAT DAN
IMPORT
EXPORT
BB LOKAL
EXIM INDUSTRI PRODUK DISTRIB RITEL MASYATAKAT
INSPEKSI
STANDARDISASI & CPOB
EVALUASI REGISTRASI
MONTR. S, E, Q/ PENANDAAN
SURV. IKLAN
INVESTIGASI INSPEKSI
SAMPLING UJI LAB
PRE-MARKET POST - MARKET
PENGHENTIAN SEMENTARA
PENCABUTAN IZIN EDAR
PENARIKAN PRODUK
R E G U L A S I
SISTEM PENGAWASAN OBAT & MAKANAN
SISTEM PENGAWASAN OBAT
DI INDONESIA
PENCABUTAN IIF
PERINGATAN PUBLIK
Berperan aktif dalam forum Product Working Group di ASEAN
Melakukan penyesuaian regulasi, peningkatan kapasitas SDM dan kelembagaan
peningkatan daya saing produk obat dan makanan melalui:
Peningkatan kemandirian industri dalam penerapan cara produksi yang baik
Asistensi regulatori dalam pengembangan produk
Pemberantasan produk palsu/ilegal
Peningkatan kemitraan dengan seluruh stakeholders
Meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dalam memilih obat dan makanan yang memenuhi syarat
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TOPIK BAHASAN
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CPOB DALAM PEMASTIAN MUTU PRODUK
TOPIK
BAHASAN
PENUTUP
TEMUAN INSPEKSI
TREND PENGAWASAN OBAT BEREDAR
PROFIL INDUSTRI DI JAWA TIMUR
DATA INDUSTRI FARMASI DI JAWA TIMUR
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• 41 Industri Farmasi yang
tersebar di 9 Kabupaten/Kota
• 2 IF mengembalikan Sertifikat CPOB
Tahun 2014
• 41 Industri Farmasi yang
tersebar di 9 Kabupaten/Kota
• Penambahan 2 IF Baru
• 10 industri memiliki fasilitas produksi steril
JUMLAH INDUSTRI FARMASI
DI PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Kota SBY, 8
Kab. Gresik, 4 Kab.Jombang,
1
Kota. Kediri, 1 Kota. Malang, 1
Kab. Malang, 2 Kab. Mojokerto,
2
Kab. Pasuruan, 11
Kab.Sidoarjo;
11 Jumlah Industri Farmasi 40
TOPIK BAHASAN
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CPOB DALAM PEMASTIAN MUTU PRODUK
TOPIK
BAHASAN
PENUTUP
TEMUAN INSPEKSI
TREND PENGAWASAN OBAT BEREDAR
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TREND HASIL SAMPLING NASIONAL (1)
0
Antibiotika Analgesik AIS Antihistamin Vitamin
Trend Kelas Terapi Obat TMS (5 besar)
2011 2012 2013 2014
5 besar obat TMS berdasarkan kelas terapi:
1. Antibiotik 2. Analgesik 3. AIS
4. Antihistamin 5. Vitamin
Uji Disolusi Kadar pH Pemerian Keseragaman Sediaan
Trend Parameter Uji Obat TMS
2011 parameter uji: 1. Uji Disolusi 2. Kadar
0 10 20 30 40
2011 2012 2013 2014
33
25 23
22
Trend Jumlah Industri Farmasi yang memiliki Riwayat Obat TMS ≥ 2 kali Tahun 2011 - 2014
Jumlah IF
Dari tren tersebut, diketahui bahwa ditemukan sedikitnya 2 obat TMS dari > 20 Industri Farmasi yang sama setiap tahunnya (2011 – September 2014)
Jawa Barat Jawa Tengah Jawa Timur Banten
3 2 3 2
Sebaran 10 Besar Industri Farmasi yang diperintahkan untuk Recall Obat TMS Berdasarkan Provinsi Tahun 2011
- 2014
Jumlah IF
IF yg masuk dalam 10 besar terdapat di 4 Provinsi dan terbanyak di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Timur
PENARIKAN PRODUK
OBAT DARI IF JAWA
TIMUR
2013 -2015
TAHUN 2013
21 penarikan obat
10 industri farmasi
Penyebab :
1. TMS Kadar
2. TMS Disolusi
3. TMS pH
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TAHUN 2014
23 penarikan obat
7 industri farmasi
Penyebab :
1. TMS Disolusi
2. TMS Kadar
3. TMS Pemerian
TAHUN 2015
27 penarikan obat
8 industri farmasi
Penyebab :
1. TMS Disolusi
2. TMS Kadar
TOPIK BAHASAN
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CPOB DALAM PEMASTIAN MUTU PRODUK
TOPIK
BAHASAN
PENUTUP
TEMUAN INSPEKSI
TREND PENGAWASAN OBAT BEREDAR PROFIL INDUSTRI DI JAWA TIMUR
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CPOB DALAM PEMASTIAN
MUTU PRODUK
Why GMP?
Provides a high level assurance that medicines are
manufactured in a way that ensures their safety, efficacy and quality
Medicines are manufactured to comply with their marketing authorization
Quality is built in
Testing is part of GMP, but alone does
not provide a good level of quality
Tujuan Utama GMP
Mengurangi risiko
yang tidak dapat dikontrol dengan
pengujian produk
atau
yang mempunyai ambang deteksi yang
rendah
Kontaminasi dan
kontaminasi silang
PRINSIP hanya hasil pengujian saja
• Bioavailability
• Keamanan dan efektivitas
• Standar senantiasa
berkembang dari waktu ke waktu
• Pedoman rinci utk jaminan mutu
• Merupakan standar minimal untuk
jaminan mutu
• Bukan mutlak
“best practices”
• Pelaksanaannya bukan presentase ( tdk menjadi
“predominant”)
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GMP: „soft” and „hard” law
„
Semua bagian sistem Pemastian Mutu hendaklah
didukung
….
(Bab I,Prinsip Manajemen Mutu CPOB 2012)
Ketersediaan personel yang kompeten...
Bangunan dan sarana serta peralatan yang cukup dan
memadai...
Impossible to specify the values in a law!
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Quality Management Cascade
Quality relationships
Quality Management (overall policy)
Quality Assurance (concept ensuring that the policy
is achieved)
GMP (how to do it)
PIC/S The 10 Golden Rules of GMP (1)
Golden Rule # 1
Get the facility design right from the start
Ex. Facility layout
Aim to :
Remove unnecessary traffic in the production area which
could result in a hazardous environment
Segregate materials, products, and their components to
minimize confusion and potential for mix-up and errors
PIC/S The 10 Golden Rules of GMP (2)
Golden Rule # 2
Validate processes
All validation activities should be well planned and clearly
defined
VMP
Consider all the critical parameters that may affected and
impact product quality
Define the testing and documentation required
If a change to the validated state is required then it must
be subject to change control evaluate the impact of
the change and define the extent of re-validation
PIC/S The 10 Golden Rules of GMP (3)
Golden Rule # 3
Write good procedures and follow them
Procedures should be clear, concise and logical
Frequently, the steps in the procedures may not appear to be the most efficient way of working taking shortcut may save time or make it easier, but :
never deviate from a written procedure without the approval of a supervisor or the Quality Department, Because :
Many shortcuts may create pitfalls that can be costly in the end
Each step in a procedures has been included for a purpose
PIC/S The 10 Golden Rules of GMP (4)
Golden Rule # 4
Identify who does what
There should be no gaps or overlaps in responsibilities
Golden Rule # 5
Keep good records
It is essential part of GMP to keep accurate records, and
during an audit, it helps convey that you are following
procedures. It also demonstrates that processes are known
and under control
‘If it’s not written down then it didn’t happen!”
PIC/S The 10 Golden Rules of GMP (5)
Golden Rule # 8
Maintain facilities and equipment
Prevent equipment breakdown
Reduce the risk of product contamination
Maintains the “validated state” of the facility or equipment
Golden Rule # 9
Build quality into the whole product lifecycle
Controlling components
Controlling the manufacturing processes Packaging and labeling controls
PIC/S The 10 Golden Rules of GMP (5)
Golden Rule # 6
Train and develop staff
It’s essential to have the right people to do the right job
Do your employees have the skills and knowledge to
complete their job?
Have you equipped them with the right tools?
Golden Rule # 7
Practice good hygiene
The fight against contamination is a constant battle and is
one that requires attention of every single employee, every
day
PIC/S The 10 Golden Rules of GMP (5)
Golden Rule # 10
Perform regular audit
Self Inspection
CAPA System
TOPIK BAHASAN
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CPOB DALAM PEMASTIAN MUTU PRODUK
TOPIK
BAHASAN
PENUTUP
TEMUAN INSPEKSI
TREND PENGAWASAN OBAT BEREDAR PROFIL INDUSTRI DI JAWA TIMUR
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Deficiencies (Temuan)
• Deficiencies are descriptions of non-compliance with GMP requirements
• A distinction is made between deficiencies as a result of : - a defective system or,
- failure to comply with the system
• Deficiencies may be classified as :
- Critical Observation – potential risk harm to the user
- Major Observation – major deviation from GMP
Common deficiencies during BPOM
Inspection
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•
Bangunan dan fasilitas (3.4, 3.14, 3.15, 3.29)
-
Lapisan dinding epoksi retak - Plavon rusak di ruang timbang- AHU belum dilengkapi dengan HEPA Filter (H13) pada final filter di ruang produksi non beta laktam
- Potensi terjadinya mix up
•
Produksi (6.7, 6.9, 6.11, 6.12)
-
Prosedur/Instruksi kerja yang telah ditetapkan tidak dilaksanakan secara konsisten- Potensi terjadinya mix up
Common deficiencies during BPOM
Inspection
33
•
Dokumentasi
- Pengisian dokumen yang tidak lengkap
- Perubahan yang tidak didokumentasikan
- Tidak ada logbook pemakaian alat
- Perbaikan pengisian dokumen tidak sesuai dengan
Common deficiencies during BPOM
Inspection
34
•
Pengawasan Mutu
- Tidak melakukan uji penetapan kadar (misal vit B1)
- Tidak melakukan Uji Kesesuaian Sistem KCKT
- Larutan titer belum ditetapkan masa simpannya
- Tidak dilakukan pengecekan pH dapar media disolusi
sebelum digunakan
- Baku pembanding yang digunakan adalah sampel
pertinggal bahan baku tapi tidak dibakukan terhadap
baku pembanding primer
Common deficiencies during BPOM
Inspection
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•
Kualifikasi dan Validasi
- Belum melakukan re-validasi metode analisa yang
mengalami perubahan
- Belum melakukan validasi metode analisa
- Laporan validasi tidak lengkap
- Kalibrasi alat sudah lewat waktu atau tidak
terdokumentasi dengan baik
Product Recall
(TMS Disolusi dan TMS Kadar)
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PRODUCTION
or
QC LAB
or
BOTH
??
DEFECTIVE SYSTEM or
FAILURE TO COMPLY
??
ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS
Out of Specification (HULS)
OOS results may indicate
a flaw in product or process design
Lack of robustness in product formulation
Inadequate raw material characterization or control
Substantial variation introduced by one or more unit
operations of the manufacturing process
Combination of these factors
Consider to redesign of the product or process be undertaken
to ensure reproducible product quality.
Don’t
forget the
regulatory aspect due to the change of the design.
CAPA & ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS
Set in motion by :
- a laboratory investigation
- a manufacturing inconsistency
- a regulatory or internal audit
- a costumer complaint
The more comprehensive and structured the investigation
process is, the more effective it will be
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CAPA & ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS (2)
The majority of companies initiate their CAPA processes once
a field failure is discovered
its too late because the patient is already at risk !!
TOPIK BAHASAN
40
CPOB DALAM PEMASTIAN MUTU PRODUK
TOPIK
BAHASAN
PENUTUP
HASIL PENGAWASAN INDUSTRI FARMASI DI JAWA TIMUR TREND PENGAWASAN OBAT BEREDAR
The Cost of Non-Compliance (1)
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The (Internal) Cost
• Direct Costs
- Related to Product Failure, Scrap, etc
• “Continual Crises” Costs
- Unexpected costs associated with Quality System / GMP non compliance
- Reactive (noncompliant) versus preventive (compliant) approaches
• Remediation Costs
The Cost of Non-Compliance (2)
42
The (External) Cost
• Regulatory Action Costs
- Related to legal, 3rd party, disgorgement, etc
- Related to Recalls, Discontinuation, Suspended Operation, etc
• Market Share Costs
- Related to volumes, Supply availability/reliability, etc
• Reputational Costs
The Benefit of Compliance (1)
43
•
Improved Process Efficiency
- Related to higher yield, lower cycle time, lower
failure, etc
•
Lower Investigations / Risks
- Related to deviations, rejects, OOS, etc
•
Increased Customer Satisfaction
- Related to lower returns, lower complaints, etc
- Which translate to reputation, market share, etc
12. Compliance Program Regularly Reviewed and Improved
8. Culture of Compliance Behaviour
9. Compliance Control in place
Risk Assessment Conducted
10. Compliance Performance
Monitored
11. Compliance Demonstrated and
Documented
PENUTUP
3. Appropriate resources Allocated 7. Competency &
Training Addressed
Compliance program – 12 Building Blocks (AS 3806)
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4. Objectives documented
endorsed
2. Compliance policy
6. Responsibilities Assigned
5. Compliance Obligation Identified & Assessed
1. Top Management Commitment
Commitment
Organization & Standards
Organization & Planning
PENUTUP
GMP IS COMMON SENSE
COMPLIANCE TO GMP
GOOD QUALITY PRODUCT
GOOD QUALITY PRODUCT
PATIENT SAFETY AND
EFFECTIVE MEDICATION
REDUCE HEALTH COST
NON-COMPLIANCE TO GMP INCREASE COST
REGULATORY
SCRUTINY
PUBLIC TRUST &
PRODUCT BRANDING
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PUSTAKA
CAPA and Root cause Analysis
http://www.pharmamanufacturing.com/articles/2006/145/
Examples of critical and major observations from GMP inspections of Manufacturing, QC and Contract Research Organization, Ian Thrussel
Good Manufacturing Practices Purpose and Principles of GMP, Tony Gould
Good Manufacturing Practices in the Manufacture of Medicine
Kebijakan Pengawasan Produksi Obat, Deputi Bidang Pengawasan Produksi Produk Terapetik dan Napza Badan POM RI
Pedoman CPOB tahun 2012, Badan POM RI
Pharmaceutical Quality Systems (ICH Q10) Conference – Business Case for Quality, Jeffrey Macher, PhD
Risk Management, Soemarno
White Paper PIC/S 10 Golden Rules of GMP
www.pharmout.net
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