THE EFFECT OF USING SCIENCE FICTION MOVIE ON
STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE
TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted to English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts State University of Medan, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the
Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By:
DESIKA RINANDA
Registration Number: 2103121008
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise to Allah SWT, who always gives the writer blessing, power, strength and love in her entire life and in terms of her study, especially in completing this thesis entitled “The Effect of Using Science Fiction Movie on Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text” as one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan (S1) at English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan. Shalawat and salam for the Prophet Muhammad who brings us from darkness to the brightness.
The writer realizes that this thesis would not have been accomplished without generous helps, supports, advices, and prays of others. Many people have helped and contributed their ideas and time in completing this thesis and it would be impossible to mention all of them. However, the writer would like to express her sincerest gratitude and appreciation to:
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si., the Rector of State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Language and Arts Faculty, Vice Dean I, II, III, and all the administrative staff for their sincere assistance in the process of completing the academic procedures.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature Department and her Academic Consultant, Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English Department, and Dra. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., the Head of English Education Study Program.
Drs. Johan Sinulingga, M.Pd., her Thesis Consultant, for his advice guidance, comments, suggestions and precious time he spent on supervising the writing of thesis.
Prof. Dr. Lince Sihombing, M.Pd., her Reviewer. Dra. Rahmah, M.Hum.,her Reviewer.
Juli Rachmadani Hasibuan, S.S., M.Hum., her Reviewer
All Lecturers of English Education and Literature Department, who have taught her and giving great study experiences.
Maam Euis, the academic staff and administrative staff who have helped the researcher in finishing the administration of conducting this research. Drs. Sutrisno the Headmaster of SMA Dharmawangsa Medan who
allowed the writer to conduct the study in his school.
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writer not only during the term of her study and her completing of this thesis, but also in everyday’s motivation and encouragement for a better future.
A big thanks to her beloved bestfriends, Sriwahyuni Hasibuan, Ayu Febriana, M. Akhyar Rasyidi, M. Rizki Ridha, Rabiatul Adawiyah, Widy Ayu Ningtyas Putri and Yusrumaida,who always give support and help her.
Her lovely classmates, Education Regular A 2010, for the wonderful four years.
Her friends in PPLT SMK Harapan Bangsa Kuala, for many experiences and togetherness.
Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one who have supported the writer to finish her thesis.
Finally the writer realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect. Therefore, the writer will happily accept constructive criticism in order to make it better. The writer hopes that this thesis would be beneficial to everyone. Amin.
Medan, December 2014
The Writer,
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ABSTRACT
Rinanda, Desika. 2103121008. The Effect of Using Science Fiction Movie on Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text. A Thesis. English Department. Faculty of Languages and Art, State University of Medan. 2014.
This study was focused on the investigation of the effect of using Science Fiction
movie on Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text. This study aims at
findings whether using science fiction movie affect the students’ writing achievement or not. The data which were needed in this study were obtained by conducting an experimental research. The population was the 2013/2014 first year students (grade X) of SMA Dharmawangsa Medan and 66 students were taken as the sample by using random sampling. The sample was divided into two groups, experimental group which was taught by using science fiction movie and control group which was taught by using conventional method (without using science fiction movie). The instrument used in this study was a written test. The data were taken by administering the pre-test and post-test to both control and experimental groups. These data were analyzed by using test. The result of computing the t-test obviously showed that t-observed is higher than t-table (2.44 > 1.67) with the degree of freedom 64 (df = N-2) at the level significance 0.05 one tail test. The result of this study showed that teaching by using science fiction movie affected
the students’ achievement in writing narrative text.
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CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. The Background of Study ... 4
B. The Problem of Study ... 4
C. The Objective of Study ... 4
D. The Scope of Study ... 4
E. The Significance of Study ... 4
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ... 6
A. Theoretical Framework ... 6
1. Students’ Achievement ... 6
2. Writing ... 6
a. The Writing Process ... 9
3. Genre in Writing ... 11
4. Narrative Text ... 13
a. The Generic Structure of Narrative Text ... 13
b. The Language Features of Narrative Text ... 14
c. Types of Narrative Text ... 16
d. The Example of Narrative Text ... 17
5. Media ... 18
a. The Advantages of Using Media in Teaching and Learning Process ... 19
b. Disadvantages of Using Media in Teaching and Learning Process ... 20
6. Movie ... 20
a. Kinds of Movie ... 21
7. Science Fiction Movie ... 22
a. Science Fiction Movie as Media in Teaching Narrative Text ... 23
b. The Advantages of Using Movie in Teaching English ... 23
c. The Disadvantages of Using Movie in Teaching English ... 25
d. Procedures of Teaching Writing Narrative Text by Using Science Fiction Movie ... 26
8. Conventional Method ... 27
a. Procedures of Teaching Writing Narrative Text by Using Conventional Method ... 27
B. Conceptual Framework ... 28
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CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD ... 31
A. Research Design ... 31
B. Population and Sample ... 31
C. Instrument of Collecting Data ... 32
D. Procedure of Research ... 32
1. Pre-test ... 32
2. Treatment ... 33
3. Post-Test ... 35
E. Scoring of the Test ... 35
F. Technique of Data Analyzing ... 36
CHAPTER IV: THE DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS ... 37
A. The Data ... 37
B. The Data Analysis ... 38
C. Testing Hypothesis ... 38
D. Research Findings ... 39
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 40
A. Conclusions ... 40
B. Suggestions ... 40
REFERENCES ... 42
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LIST OF TABLES
Page
Table 3.1. Research Design... 31
Table 3.2. Teaching Procedure of Experimental Group ... 33
Table 3.3. Teaching Procedure of Control Group ... 34
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
APPENDIX A ... 44
APPENDIX B ... 45
APPENDIX C ... 46
APPENDIX D ... 51
APPENDIX E ... 113
APPENDIX F ... 114
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of Study
Writing is one of four language skills besides listening, speaking, and
reading that should be taught to students. Wallace (2004: 15) states that writing
skill for beginning students can benefit from learning and practicing one skill at a
time. So, it means that by studying writing skill students can learn another aspect
of language at once. In school, writing is taught after listening, speaking, and
reading. But, it does not mean that learning writing is not important. Writing is
one of language skill which is very important to learn because through writing
students can share informations, experiences, ideas, feelings and thoughts to
others. They can convey their ideas in their mind by organizing them into a good
text.
Nowadays, students think that writing is the most complicated to learn and
only talented students can do it. Writing is a complicated skill because it covers
by so many rules and technique. To achieve writing skill students should master in
vocabulary, spelling, punctuations, and grammar. But even though the students
master that system of language, it cannot guarantee that students are able to write
well. They also need knowledge of organizing ideas, experiences, and information
into a good paragraph. The process of organizing ideas, experiences, and
information into a good paragraph is not easy. The students should be taught how
to develop that skill. So writing is a part of the language skill that must be taught
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According to syllabus of senior high school curriculum, there are some
kinds of writing genre that must be studied by students. One of them is narrative
text. Narrative text is type of writing genre which tells an event in certain time.
The genre of narrating or narrative is one of the most commonly read, though
least understood of all the genres because narrative has been and continues to be
such a popular genre (Knapp and Watkins, 2005:220). This study is focused on
narrative text because narrative text deals with experience and imagination of the
students so the writer hopes that the students will be easier in writing their idea.
Furthermore, writing narrative text can also help students in enhancing their
creativity, because in writing narrative text students are free to express their
creative ideas into written form without any limitation.
Based on the observation which had been conducted in grade X of SMA
Dharmawangsa, it was found that students’ ability in writing narrative text was
low. It was caused by some problems. First, the students are required to be able to
understand and make narrative text based on the social function and generic
structure of the text. But in reality, the students still confused if they are asked to
write narrative text. They did not know how to begin and what to write. Second,
some students were difficult to convey their ideas in writing because they were
lacks of vocabularies, tenses and difficult to make sentences. They also thought
that writing narrative was boring and tiring activity. It was caused the teacher only
used conventional methods when teaching writing narrative text. She only gave a
topic, explained it, then asked students to write it but teacher didn’t use any media
3
To solve the problem, the researcher will use media in teaching and learning
writing process, especially in writing narrative text. Putri in Nurani dkk,
(2003:10.1) states that media is a tool of communication that is used to transfer
information from the source lo learners to stimulate them to follow learning
activity. By using media, it can make the process of teaching and learning writing
become more fun and interesting.
Movie is one of audio-visual media that will be used. Brata (2008), states that
one common way in which film can be utilized in the classroom is as an
alternative means of delivering course material. Lavery (2008) states that movie
and video are effective ways in motivating and helping students to understand
language. So, by using movie as media will attract and motivate students to focus
in teaching and learning process. The students will be more interested in watching
movie rather than just read the text book and they will be able to write more
easily.
The researcher uses movie to improve students’ ability in writing narrative
text. The kind of movie that will be focused is science fiction movie. Science
fiction movie is a kind of movie which tell about imaginative stories. Using
science fiction movie as learning media is expected to be effective media for
teaching narrative writing because they can hear the voice and they will see the
situation that happened in the story to help students to get imaginative ideas to
express in a narrative text. Besides, science fiction movie is suitable for students
of senior high school because science fiction movie is kind of movie related to
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technology therefore science fiction movie can attract students' interest and
motivate students in teaching and learning process.
B. The Problem of Study
Based on the background of the study, the problem of this study is
formulated as follows : “Does the use of science fiction movie affect the students’
achievement in writing narrative text ?”
C. The Objective of Study
The objective of the study is to find out the effect of using science fiction
movie on students’ achievement in writing narrative text.
D. The Scope of Study
There are three kinds of media in learning, they are audio media, visual
media and audio-visual media. Science fiction movie is one of audio-visual media
that can be used in teaching writing. This study is focused on the effectiveness of
applying science fiction movie on students’ achievement in writing narrative text.
The level of the students is grade tenth of Senior High School.
E. The Significance of Study
The finding of the study on the effect of using science fiction movie on
students’ achievement in teaching writing narrative text is expected to be useful
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alternative way to teach writing. Then for the students, it is expected to be useful
to increase students’ ability in writing narrative texts. The last is the finding is
expected to be useful for the other researcher, who want to conduct the same
research and interested in using movie especially science fiction movie as media
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
Based on the result of the analysis in previous chapter, the researcher
concludes that teaching English by using science fiction movie affect the students’
ability in writing narrative text. It is found that the students’ achievement taught
by using science fiction movie is higher than the students’ achievement taught by
using conventional method. It is indicated from analyzing the data statistically that
the result of calculation of t-test that t-observed value 2.44 is higher than t-table
value 1.67 at the level of significant of 0.05, which implies that the alternative
Hypothesis (Ha) is accepted.
B. Suggestions
Based on the result of this study which positively indicates that there is
positive effect of the using science fiction movie as medium in teaching and
learning writing narrative text, there several important things that can be
suggested, as following:
1. English teachers are recommended to use science fiction movie as
media in teaching writing narrative text because it can attract the
students’ interest and gives motivation for students in teaching and
learning process so it can affect the students’ writing achievement.
2. Students who watch movie will be easy for them to write narrative
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Furthermore, students who watch movie can enrich their knowledge
and vocabularies by listening English sentences from the actor or the
actress in a movie. The students also will not feel boring in the
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