KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
Kesimpulan
Dari hasil penelitian dapat diambil beberapa kesimpulan, antara lain:
1. Secara spasial salinitas mengalami peningkatan mulai dari stasiun yang dekat
dengan aliran Sungai Berau menuju ke stasiun yang paling jauh dari aliran
Sungai Berau. Konsentrasi TSS dan nitrat justru memiliki kecenderungan
semakin menurun menuju stasiun yang jauh dari daratan. Sementara itu kadar
ortofosfat lebih tinggi di Pulau Maratua dan Pulau Derawan.
2. Berdasarkan citra Landsat ETM tahun 2001 sebaran sedimen dari muara
Sungai Berau di perairan Kepulauan Derawan mencapai Pualu Panjang dan
Pulau Derawan, bahkan dengan konsentrasi yang relatif rendah mencapai
Pulau Sangalaki. Sedimen dari Sungai Berau tidak terdistribusi hingga Pulau
Maratua yang merupakan stasiun terluar dari penelitian ini.
3. Terdapat perbedaan persentase penutupan karang batu diantara masing-masing
stasiun penelitian yang dibandingkan, kecuali perbandingan antara Stasiun 2
dengan Stasiun 4.
4. Bentuk pertumbuhan karang batu pada daerah dekat muara Sungai Berau
memiliki karakteristik yang dipengaruhi sedimen, sementara pada daerah yang
jauh ke arah laut, bentuk pertumbuhan karang batu lebih teradaptasi terhadap
energi mekanik yang ditimbulkan arus dan gelombang.
5. Laju sedimentasi paling tinggi terjadi di daerah yang dekat dengan muara
Sungai Berau. Selain jarak terhadap sumber, arus diduga merupakan faktor
yang paling berpengaruh terhadap penyebaran sedimen dan laju sedimentasi.
Sedimentasi lebih berpengaruh terhadap kekayaan jenis daripada persentase
penutupan karang batu.
Saran
Setelah dilakukan penelitian ini terdapat beberapa ide yang disarankan
untuk dilakukan, yaitu:
1. Penelitian lanjutan mengenai pengaruh sedimen terhadap perubahan struktur
komunitas karang akibat sedimentasi. Akan tetapi hal ini membutuhkan waktu
yang sangat lama
2. Kajian terhadap kompetisi karang batu dengan organisme lain di dalam
ekosistem terumbu karang yang terekspos oleh sedimen
3. Studi mengenai pengaruh sedimen terhadap karang batu melalui pendekatan
biologis
4. Dalam pengelolaan, adanya treatment yang serupa dengan Pulau Sangalaki
terhadap daerah terumbu karang yang lain sehingga akan memperbanyak
jumlah area karang dengan penutupan yang sangat tinggi.
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Lampiran 3. Hasil analisis Gradistat
Stasiun 1
Sand Mud Gravel 80% 30% 5% Trace 1:1 1:9 9:1 Sand:Mud Ratio Gravel % GravelMuddy Gravel Muddy Sandy Gravel
Gravelly Mud Gravelly Muddy Sand
Slightly Gravelly Mud Slightly Gravelly Sandy Mud Slightly Gravelly Muddy Sand
Mud Sandy Mud Muddy Sand Sand
Slightly Gravelly Sand Gravelly Sand Sandy Gravel P Panjang1 TEXTURAL GROUP: SEDIMENT NAME: Muddy Sand Fine Silty Fine Sand
SAMPLE IDENTITY: Gravel:
Sand: Mud: 0.0% 87.9% 12.1% Coarse Gravel: Medium Gravel: Fine Gravel: Coarse Sand: Medium Fine Sand: Very Fine Very Coarse Silt:
0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 18.5% 30.0% 4.2% 2.5% 27.9% Very Coarse 0.0%
Very Coarse Sand:
Coarse Silt:
Clay: Fine Silt: Very Fine Gravel:
7.3% 0.0%
Medium Silt: Very Fine Silt:
0.0% 0.0% 7.6% 1.4% 0.5%
Stasiun 2
Sand Mud Gravel 80% 30% 5% Trace 1:1 1:9 9:1 Sand:Mud Ratio Gravel % GravelMuddy Gravel Muddy Sandy Gravel
Gravelly Mud Gravelly Muddy Sand
Slightly Gravelly Mud Slightly Gravelly Sandy Mud Slightly Gravelly Muddy Sand Mud Sandy Mud Muddy Sand
Sand Slightly Gravelly Sand Gravelly Sand Sandy Gravel P Derawan TEXTURAL GROUP: SEDIMENT NAME: Sand
Poorly Sorted Fine Sand
SAMPLE IDENTITY: Gravel:
Sand: Mud: 0.0% 90.0% 10.0% Coarse Gravel: Medium Gravel: Fine Gravel: Coarse Sand: Medium Fine Sand: Very Fine Very Coarse Silt:
0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 15.8% 36.8% 4.1% 2.4% 27.2% Very Coarse 0.0%
Very Coarse Sand:
Coarse Silt:
Clay: Fine Silt: Very Fine Gravel:
6.1% 0.0%
Medium Silt: Very Fine Silt:
0.0% 0.0% 3.7% 2.5% 1.3%
Lampiran 3. Lanjutan
Stasiun 3
Sand Mud Gravel 80% 30% 5% Trace 1:1 1:9 9:1 Sand:Mud Ratio Gravel % GravelMuddy Gravel Muddy Sandy Gravel
Gravelly Mud Gravelly Muddy Sand
Slightly Gravelly Mud Slightly Gravelly Sandy Mud Slightly Gravelly Muddy Sand
Mud Sandy Mud Muddy Sand Sand
Slightly Gravelly Sand Gravelly Sand Sandy Gravel P Sangalaki TEXTURAL GROUP: SEDIMENT NAME: Sand
Poorly Sorted Medium Sand
SAMPLE IDENTITY: Gravel:
Sand: Mud: 0.0% 91.3% 8.7% Coarse Gravel: Medium Gravel: Fine Gravel: Coarse Sand: Medium Fine Sand: Very Fine Very Coarse Silt:
0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 16.2% 33.6% 1.4% 1.9% 35.1% Very Coarse 0.0%
Very Coarse Sand:
Coarse Silt:
Clay: Fine Silt: Very Fine Gravel:
5.0% 0.0%
Medium Silt: Very Fine Silt:
0.0% 0.0% 5.1% 0.5% 1.2%
Stasiun 4
Sand Mud Gravel 80% 30% 5% Trace 1:1 1:9 9:1 Sand:Mud Ratio Gravel % GravelMuddy Gravel Muddy Sandy Gravel
Gravelly Mud Gravelly Muddy Sand
Slightly Gravelly Mud Slightly Gravelly Sandy Mud Slightly Gravelly Muddy Sand
Mud Sandy Mud Muddy Sand Sand
Slightly Gravelly Sand Gravelly Sand Sandy Gravel P Maratua TEXTURAL GROUP: SEDIMENT NAME: Muddy Sand Fine Silty Fine Sand
SAMPLE IDENTITY: Gravel:
Sand: Mud: 0.0% 89.9% 10.1% Coarse Gravel: Medium Gravel: Fine Gravel: Coarse Sand: Medium Fine Sand: Very Fine Very Coarse Silt:
0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 13.9% 36.2% 2.9% 0.3% 33.1% Very Coarse 0.0%
Very Coarse Sand:
Coarse Silt:
Clay: Fine Silt: Very Fine Gravel:
3.8% 0.0%
Medium Silt: Very Fine Silt:
0.0% 0.0% 6.1% 1.5% 2.2%
Lampiran 4. Persentase penutupan karang dan biota penyusun substrat dasar lainnya
Kategori P.
Panjang P.
Derawan
Karang Keras
(HC)
T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3
Acropora
ACB
7.88%
6.58%
7.15%
0.48%
1.08%
0.97%
ACD
0.17%
0.32%
1.36%
0.20%
0.18%
0.36%
ACE
- - -
ACS
0.16%
0.18%
0.15%
0.76%
1.28%
1.73%
ACT
1.90%
1.72%
1.88%
6.81%
5.42%
5.68%
Non Acropora
CB
7.74%
7.65%
6.25%
13.15%
15.21%
15.08%
CE
2.99%
3.12%
3.04%
5.64%
5.29%
3.35%
CF
8.97%
8.14%
8.74%
0.69%
0.12%
0.52%
CM
9.16%
9.38%
9.25%
15.82%
16.14%
16.48%
CS
0.47%
0.31%
0.48%
3.81%
3.96%
4.07%
CMR
0.11%
0.16%
1.62%
-
-
-
CME
-
-
-
0.44%
0.67%
0.54%
CHL
1.49%
1.12%
1.37%
-
-
-
CTU
0.70%
0.82%
0.68%
-
-
-
Fauna Lain
SC
21.68% 24.65% 24.24% 2.67% 2.15% 2.92%
SP
1.74%
1.84%
1.57%
0.59%
1.54%
1.97%
ZO
- - -
ASC
- - -
0.03%
- -
OT
3.55%
4.16%
2.98%
0.87%
2.10%
1.44%
Alga
CA
2.26%
2.90%
1.05%
1.30%
0.21%
0.15%
MA
0.19%
1.25%
2.11%
- - -
Abiotik
DC
0.27%
0.32%
0.23%
-
-
-
DCA
7.00%
9.14%
9.36%
12.13%
14.04%
12.59%
R
12.98%
9.52%
10.20%
20.72%
18.37%
18.72%
RCK
-
-
-
1.24%
1.69%
1.12%
S
8.62% 6.72% 6.29% 12.65% 10.55% 12.31%
Lampiran 4. Lanjutan
Kategori
P. Sangalaki
P. Maratua
Karang Keras
(HC)
T1 T2 T3 T1 T2 T3
Acropora
ACB
7.37%
6.12%
6.24%
1.12%
1.14%
1.27%
ACD
- - -
0.10%
0.21%
0.14%
ACE
- - -
ACS
1.75%
2.33%
2.16%
2.08%
2.15%
2.20%
ACT
2.01%
2.84%
3.01%
1.17%
1.81%
1.55%
Non Acropora
CB
19.82%
19.68%
18.49%
12.87%
10.29%
12.09%
CE
19.25%
16.45%
18.11%
3.53%
4.28%
4.46%
CF
32.36%
32.91%
34.05%
3.41%
3.19%
3.11%
CM
2.17%
3.05%
2.88%
17.63%
17.35%
15.27%
CS
4.65%
4.33%
4.17%
5.18%
6.02%
6.51%
CMR
0.71%
1.13%
1.34%
-
-
-
CME
-
-
-
0.93%
0.77%
0.18%
CHL
-
1.52%
1.12%
0.18%
0.12%
0.16%
CTU
-
-
-
-
-
-
Fauna Lain
SC
2.12%
1.85%
1.26%
1.15%
1.58%
2.06%
SP
- - -
8.15%
7.79%
7.41%
ZO
- - -
ASC
- - - -
0.04%
0.06%
OT
-
-
0.19%
0.06%
0.17%
-
Alga
CA
0.29%
0.16%
0.21%
1.19%
2.05%
1.59%
MA
- - -
Abiotik
DC
1.24%
1.30%
1.36%
-
-
-
DCA
5.11%
6.12%
4.37%
10.46%
12.25%
12.36%
R
1.14%
0.21%
1.04%
19.52%
18.41%
15.28%
RCK
-
-
-
2.77%
2.08%
1.97%
S
- - -
8.49%
8.30%
12.33%
Lampiran 5. Hasil pengolahan data dengan menggunakan PCA
Statistika dasar
Variabel Mean
Std,
Dev,
Sed 11,39
6,67
HC 56,97
22,72
NO3 0,14
0,05
PO4 0,02
0,02
TSS 9,25
4,00
Tem 29,87
0,24
Sal 30,85
0,95
Arus 0,25
0,04
Vis 6,82
1,59
Matriks korelasi
Sed
HC
NO
3PO
4TSS Tem Sal Arus Vis
Sed
1,00
HC
-0,66
1,00
NO
30,89 -0,92 1,00
PO
4-0,31
-0,43
0,15
1,00
TSS
0,93 -0,47 0,78 -0,33 1,00
Tem
-0,90 0,30 -0,60 0,69 -0,86 1,00
Sal
-0,97 0,50 -0,79 0,42 -0,98 0,93 1,00
Arus -1,00 0,68 -0,89 0,31 -0,92 0,90 0,97 1,00
Vis
-0,10 -0,21 0,18 0,73 0,12 0,40 0,05 0,11 1,00
Diagonalisasi
Baris 1: Akar ciri (ragam pada sumbu utama)
Baris 2: Kontribusi variasi total (persentase yang dijelaskan oleh sumbu utama)
Sumbu 1
Sumbu 2
Sumbu 3
5,9635
2,3308
0,7055
66,26% 25,90% 7,84%
Vektor ciri (koefisien variabel dalam fungsi linier sumbu utama)
Variabel Factor 1 Factor 2
Factor 3
Sed -0,4092
0,0067
0,0421
HC 0,2637
-0,4192
-0,4992
NO3 -0,3593
0,2937
0,2028
PO4 0,1331
0,6158
0,1206
TSS -0,3859
0,0087
-0,3983
Tem 0,3713
0,2748
0,0524
Sal 0,4012
0,0559
0,2149
Arus 0,4088
-0,0095
-0,0686
Vis 0,0369
0,5291
-0,6936
Lampiran 6. Spesies karang yang ditemukan pada masing-masing stasiun
Takson
P. Panjang
P. Derawan
P. Sangalaki
P. Maratua
Family Astrocoeniidae
Genus Stylocoeniella
Stylocoeniella armata
- - - +
Stylocoeniella guentheri
+ + + +
Family Pocilloporidae
Genus Pocillopora
Pocillopora ankeli
- - - +
Pocillopora damicornis
- + + +
Pocillopora danae
+ + + +
Pocillopora elegans
- - - -
Pocillopora eydouxi
+ + + -
Pocillopora kelleheri
- + - -
Pocillopora meandrina
- - - -
Pocillopora verrucosa
+ + + +
Pocillopora woodjonesi
- - - -
Genus Seriatopora
Seriatopora aculeata
- + + +
Seriatopora caliendrum
+ + + +
Seriatopora guttatus
- - - -
Seriatopora hystrix
- - + -
Seriatopora stellata
- + + +
Genus Stylophora
Stylophora pistillata
+ + + +
Stylophora subseriata
- - - -
Family Acroporidae
Genus Montipora
Montipora aequituberculata
- - - +
Montipora altasepta
- - + -
Montipora cactus
- - - +
Montipora calcarea
- - - +
Montipora capitata
- - - -
Montipora cebuensis
- + - +
Montipora confusa
+ + - +
Montipora corbetensis
- - + +
Montipora crassituberculata
- - - -
Montipora danae
+ - + +
Montipora digitata
- + + -
Montipora florida
- - - -
Montipora floweri
- - + -
Montipora foliosa
- + + +
Montipora foveolata
+ - - -
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Montipora hodgsoni
- - - -
Montipora hoffmeisteri
+ + + +
Montipora incrassata
- + - -
Montipora informis
+ + + +
Montipora mactanensis
- - - +
Montipora malampaya
- - - +
Montipora millepora
+ - - -
Montipora monasteriata
- + + +
Montipora nodosa
- + - -
Montipora plawanensis
- - + -
Montipora samarensis
- - + -
Montipora spongodes
+ + + +
Montipora stellata
- - - -
Montipora tuberculosa
+ + + +
Montipora turgescens
+ + + +
Montipora turtlensis
- - - +
Montipora undata
- + + -
Montipora verriculosa
- - - -
Montipora vietnamensis
- - + +
Genus anacropora
Anacropora forbesi
- - - -
Anacropora matthai
- - - +
Anacropora puertogalerae
- - + +
Anacropora reticulata
- - - -
Genus Acropora
Acropora abrotonoides
- - - -
Acropora aculeus
- - + +
Acropora acuminata
- - - -
Acropora aspera
- - + -
Acropora austera
- + + +
Acropora awi
- - - +
Acropora bifurcata
- - - +
Acropora bruggemanni
- - + +
Acropora carduus
- - - -
Acropora caroliniana
- - - +
Acropora cerealis
+ - + -
Acropora clathrata
- + + +
Acropora cophodactyla
- - - -
Acropora cytherea
- + + +
Acropora derewanensis
- - + -
Acropora digitifera
+ + + +
Acropora divaricata
+ + + +
Acropora echinata
- - + -
Acropora elegans
- - + -
Acropora elseyi
- + - -
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Acropora florida
+ + + +
Acropora formosa
- + + +
Acropora gemmifera
+ + - -
Acropora grandis
- - + +
Acropora granulosa
+ + + +
Acropora hoeksemai
- + - -
Acropora horrida
- - + +
Acropora humilis
+ + + +
Acropora hyacinthus
- + - +
Acropora indonesia
- - + +
Acropora insignis
- - - +
Acropora kirstyae
- - + +
Acropora latistella
- - + -
Acropora listeri
- + - +
Acropora loripes
- + + +
Acropora lutkeni
- - - -
Acropora microclados
- + + +
Acropora microphthalma
- - + +
Acropora millepora
- + + +
Acropora mirabilis
- - - +
Acropora nana
- + - -
Acropora nasuta
+ - + +
Acropora nobilis
- + + -
Acropora palifera
+ + + +
Acropora paniculata
- - + -
Acropora plumosa
- - - +
Acropora robusta
- - + -
Acropora samoensis
+ - + -
Acropora sarmentosa
- + + -
Acropora secale
- + - +
Acropora selago
- - - +
Acropora seriata
- - - -
Acropora solitaryensis
- - - +
Acropora speciosa
- - + -
Acropora spicifera
- + - -
Acropora striata
- - + +
Acropora subglabra
- - + +
Acropora subulata
- + + +
Acropora tenuis
+ + - +
Acropora valenciennesi
- + + +
Acropora valida
- + - +
Acropora verweyi
- + - -
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Genus Astreopora
Astreopora expansa
- - + -
Astreopora gracilis
+ - + +
Astreopora listeri
- + + +
Astreopora myriophtalama
+ + - -
Astreopora ocellata
- - - +
Astreopora randalli
- + + -
Astreopora suggesta
- - - -
Family Euphyllidae
Genus Euphyllia
Euphyllia ancora
+ - + +
Euphyllia cristata
+ - - -
Euphyllia divisa
- - + -
Euphyllia glabrescens
+ + - -
Euphyllia yaeyamensis
- - - +
Genus Plerogyra
Plerogyra simplex
+ - + +
Plerogyra sinuosa
+ - + +
Genus Physogyra
- + - -
Physogyra lichstenteini
+ - + +
Family Oculindae
Genus Galaxea
Galaxea archelia
- - + +
Galaxea astreata
- - - -
Galaxea fascicularis
+ + + +
Galaxea horrescens
- - - +
Galaxea longisepta
- - - -
Galaxea paucisepta
- - - +
Family Siderasteridae
Genus Psammocora
Psammocora contigua
- - + -
Psammocora digitata
- + - -
Psammocora explanulata
+ - - -
Psammocora haimeana
- - - +
Psamocora niestraszi
- - - +
Psammocora profundacella
+ + + +
Psammocora superficialis
- + - -
Genus Coscinaraea
Coscinaraea columna
- + - +
Coscinaraea exesa
- - - -
Coscinaraea wellsi
- - + -
Family Agaricidae
Genus Pavona
Pavona bipartita
+ - - +
Pavona clavus
+ - - +
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Pavona decussata
+ - + +
Pavona duerdeni
+ - - +
Pavona explanulata
+ - - +
Pavona varians
+ + + +
Pavona venosa
- + + +
Genus Leptoseris
Leptoseris explanata
+ + + +
Leptoseris foliosa
- - + -
Leptoseris hawaiiensis
- - + +
Leptoseris incrustans
- - - +
Leptoseris mycetoseroides
- - - +
Leptoseris papyracea
- - - -
Leptoseris scabra
+ + + +
Leptoseris yabei
- - - -
Genus Gardineroseris
Gardineroseris planulata
- - - +
Genus Coeloseris
Coeloseris mayeri
+ + + +
Genus Pachyseris
Pachyseris foliosa
+ - - +
Pachyseris gemmae
- - + +
Pachyseris rugosa
+ + - +
Pachyseris speciosa
+ + + +
Family Fungiidae
Genus Cycloseris
Cycloseris cyclolites
- - + -
Genus Heliofungia
Heliofungia actiniformis
+ - + +
Genus Fungia
Fungia concinna
+ + + +
Fungia corona
- + - -
Fungia danai
- + + +
Fungia fralinae
- - - -
Fungia fungites
- + + +
Fungia granulosa
- + + +
Fungia gravis
- - + +
Fungia horrida
+ + + +
Fungia moluccensis
- - + +
Fungia paumotensis
- + + +
Fungia repanda
- - + +
Fungia scabra
- - + -
Fungia scruposa
+ - + +
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Ctenactis crassa
- + + +
Ctenactis echinata
- + + +
Genus Herpolitha
Herpolitha limax
+ + + -
Genus Polyphyllia
Polyphyllia talpina
- - + -
Genus Sandalolitha
Sandalolitha robusta
- - + -
Genus Halomitra
Halomitra clavator
- - - +
Halomitra pileus
- + + +
Genus Zoopilus
Zoopilus echinatus
- - - +
Genus Lithophyllon
Lithophyllon mokai
- - - +
Genus Podabacia
Podabacia crustacea
+ + + +
Podabacia motuporensis
- - + +
Family Pectinidae
Genus Echinophyllia
Echinophyllia aspera
+ - + +
Echinophyllia echinata
- - + -
Echinophyllia echinoporoides
+ + + +
Genus Oxypora
Oxypora crassispinosa
- - + +
Oxypora glabra
+ - + -
Oxypora lacera
+ + + +
Genus Mycedium
Mycedium elephatotus
+ + + +
Mycedium robokaki
- - + +
Mycedium mancaoi
- - + +
Mycedium steeni
- - + -
Genus Pectinia
Pectinia alcicornis
+ + + -
Pectinia elongata
- - + +
Pectinia lactuca
+ + - +
Pectinia paeonia
- - + -
Pectinia teres
- - - +
Pectinia maxima
+ - - -
Family Merulinidae
Genus Hydnophora
Hydnophora exesa
+ + + +
Hydnophora microconos
- + + +
Hydnophora pilosa
- - + -
Hydnophora rigida
- - + +
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Genus Merulina
Merulina ampliata
+ - + +
Merulina scabricula
+ + - +
Genus Scapophyllia
Scapophyllia cylindrica
- + + +
Family Dendrophyllidae
Genus Turbinaria
Turbinaria irregularis
+ - - +
Turbinaria mesenterina
- - - -
Turbinaria patula
+ - - -
Turbinaria peltata
+ - + -
Turbinaria reniformis
+ - - -
Turbinaria stellulata
+ - + -
Family Mussidae
Genus Acanthastrea
Acanthastrea echinata
+ - + -
Acanthastrea hemprichii
- - + -
Acanthastrea regularis
- - + -
Acanthastrea subechinata
+ + + +
Genus Lobophyllia
Lobophyllia flabelliformis
+ - - -
Lobophyllia hataii
- - + +
Lobophyllia hemprichii
+ + + +
Lobophyllia robusta
- + + +
Genus Symphyllia
Symphyllia agaricia
+ - - +
Symphyllia radians
+ - + +
Symphyllia recta
+ + + +
Symphyllia valenciennesii
- - + +
Genus Scolymia
Scolymia australis
+ - - -
Scolymia vitiensis
- - + -
Genus Australomussa
Australomussa rowleyensis
+ - - -
Genus Cynarina
- - - -
Cynarina lacrymalis
+ - - -
Family Faviidae
Genus Favia
Favia danae
- + - -
Favia favus
+ + + +
Favia lizardensis
+ - + +
Favia matthai
+ + + +
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Favia speciosa
+ + + +
Favia stelligera
+ + + +
Favia truncatus
+ - + -
Genus Barabottoia
Barabottoia amicorum
+ - + -
Barabattoia laddi
- + + -
Genus Favites
Favites acuticulis
+ - + -
Favites abdita
+ + + +
Favites complanata
+ + + +
Favites flexuosa
+ - + +
Favites halicora
+ - + -
Favites micropentagona
- + + -
Favites paraflexuosa
+ - - -
Favites pentagona
- + + +
Favites russelli
+ + + +
Favites spinosa
- + - -
Genus Goniastrea
Goniastrea aspera
- + + -
Goniastrea australensis
- - - +
Goniastrea edwardsi
- + + +
Goniastrea pectinata
+ + + +
Goniastrea retiformis
- + + +
Genus Platygyra
Platygyra acuta
- - + +
Platygyra contorta
- - + +
Platygyra daedalea
+ + + +
Platygyra lamellina
+ - + -
Platygyra pini
+ + + -
Platygyra sinensis
+ + + +
Platygyra verweyi
+ - + -
Platygyra yayamaensis
- - + -
Genus Oulophyllia
Oulophyllia bennettae
+ - + -
Oulophyllia crispa
+ - + +
Oulophyllia levis
- - + -
Genus Leptoria
Leptoria irregularis
- + - -
Leptoria phyrigia
- + + +
Genus Montastrea
Montastrea colemani
- - + -
Montastrea curta
+ + + +
Montastrea magnistellata
+ - + -
Montastrea salebrosa
+ - + -
Genus Plesiastrea
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Plesiastrea versipora
- + + +
Genus Diploastrea
Diploastrea heliopora
- + + +
Genus Leptastrea
Leptastrea pruinosa
+ + + +
Leptastrea purpurea
+ + - +
Leptastrea transversa
- + + +
Genus Cyphastrea
Cyphastrea chalcidium
+ - - -
Cyphastrea decadia
- - - +
Cyphastrea japonica
- - - -
Cyphastrea microphtalama
+ + + +
Cyphastrea serailia
+ + + +
Genus Echinopora
Echinopora gemmacea
+ - + +
Echinopora horrida
- - + +
Echinopora lamellosa
+ + + +
Echinopora mammiformis
- - - +
Echinopora pacificus
+ - - +
Echinopora taylorae
- - + -
Family Poritidae
Genus Porites
Porites cumulatus
- - - +
Porites cylindrica
+ + + +
Porites deformis
- - - -
Porites evermanni
- + - -
Porites horizontalata
- - - +
Porites lichen
+ + + +
Porites monticulosa
+ - - +
Porites napopora
- - + +
Porites negrosensis
+ - - +
Porites nigrescens
- + + -
Porites rugosa
+ + + +
Porites rus
- + - +
Porites solida
- - + -
Porites tuberculosa
+ + + -
Porites vaughani
+ + + +
Porites massive
+ + + +
Genus Goniopora
Goniopora burgosi
+ - + -
Goniopora columna
- + + -
Goniopora djibuotiensis
- - + +
Lampiran 6. Lanjutan
Goniopora pendulus
Goniopora somaliensis
+ + + +
Goniopora stokesi
- + - -
Goniopora stutchburyi
- - - +
Goniopora tenuidens
+ + + +
Genus Alveopora
Alveopora gigas
+ - - -
Alveopora minuta
- - + -
Alveopora spongiosa
+ - - +
Alveopora tizardi
- - + +
Total
133 140 209 205
Total Spesies
306
Lampiran 7. Hasil Cluster Analisis dengan menggunakan SPSS.10
Cluster Analisis
Dendrogram using Average Linkage (Between Groups) Rescaled Distance Cluster Combine
C A S E 0 5 10 15 20 25 Label Num +---+---+---+---+---+ Stylocoeniella armata Zoopilus echinatus Acropora awi Psammocora haimean Psamocora niestraszi Porites cumulates Porites horizontalata Pectinia teres Pocillopora ankeli Montipora malampaya Montipora turtlensis Montipora hispida Montipora mactanensis Montipora cactus Montipora calcarea Lithophyllon mokai Montipora aequituberculata Leptoseris incrustans Leptoseris mycetoseroides Goniopora stutchburyi Halomitra clavator Gardineroseris planulata Goniastrea australensis Galaxea horrescens Galaxea paucisepta Echinopora mammiformis Euphyllia yaeyamensis Astreopora ocellata Cyphastrea decadia Acropora solitaryensis Anacropora matthai Acropora plumosa Acropora selago Acropora insignis Acropora mirabilis 4 Acropora bifurcata Acropora caroliniana Symphyllia agaricia Turbinaria irregularis Alveopora spongiosa Porites monticulosa Porites negrosensis Pavona duerdeni Pavona explanulata Pavona bipartita Pavona clavus 1,4 Goniopora minor Pachyseris foliosa Echinopora pacificus Plerogyra sinuosa Symphyllia radians Acropora nasuta Physogyra lichstenteini Plerogyra simplex
Heliofungia actiniformis Favia rotundata Favites flexuosa Euphyllia ancora Favia lizardensis 1,3,4 Echinophyllia aspera Echinopora gemmacea Astreopora gracilis Porites napopora Symphyllia valenciennesii Acropora aculeus Platygyra contorta Podabacia motuporensis Pectinia elongate Platygyra acuta Oxypora crassispinosa Pachyseris gemmae Mycedium mancaoi Mycedium robokaki Montipora corbetensis Montipora vietnamensis Leptoseris hawaiiensis Lobophyllia hataii Goniopora djibuotiensis Hydnophora rigida Fungia repanda Galaxea archelia Fungia gravis Fungia moluccensis Ctenactis albitentaculata Echinopora horrida Alveopora tizardi Anacropora puertogalerae Acropora striata Acropora subglabra Acropora kirstyae Acropora microphthalma 3,4 Acropora horrida Acropora Indonesia Acropora bruggemanni Acropora grandis Pachyseris rugosa Pectinia lactuca Acropora tenuis 1,2,4 Merulina scabricula Montipora confuse Leptastrea purpurea Symphyllia recta Stylophora pistillata Stylocoeniella guentheri Seriatopora caliendrum Psammocora profundacella Porites vaughani Porites rugosa Porites massive Porites lichen Porites cylindrica Podabacia crustacea Pocillopora verrucosa Pocillopora danae Platygyra sinensis Platygyra daedalea Pavona varians Pachyseris speciosa Oxypora lacera Mycedium elephatotus Montipora turgescens Montipora tuberculosa
Montipora hoffmeisteri Montipora grisea Montastrea curta Lobophyllia hemprichii Leptoseris scabra Leptastrea pruinosa Acanthastrea subechinata Leptoseris explanata Hydnophora exesa Goniopora tenuidens Goniopora somaliensis Goniopora lobata Goniastrea pectinata Galaxea fascicularis Fungia horrida Fungia concinna Favites russelli Favites complanata Favites abdita Favia stelligera Favia speciosa Favia pallida Favia matthai Favia favus Echinopora lamellose Echinophyllia echinoporoides Cyphastrea serailia Cyphastrea microphtalama Coeloseris mayeri Acropora palifera Acropora humilis Acropora granulose 1,2,3,4 Acropora divaricata Acropora florida Acropora digitifera Montipora cebuensis Porites rus Acropora hyacinthus Acropora yongei Coscinaraea columna 2,4 Acropora secale Acropora valida Acropora listeri Seriatopora aculeate Seriatopora stellata Acropora austere Pocillopora damicornis Scapophyllia cylindrical Pavona venosa Plesiastrea versipora Montipora foliosa Montipora monasteriata Leptoria phyrigia Lobophyllia robusta Hydnophora microconos Leptastrea transversa Goniastrea retiformis Halomitra pileus Fungia paumotensis Goniastrea edwardsi Fungia fungites Fungia granulose Favites pentagona Fungia danai
Acropora microclados Acropora millepora 2,3,4 Acropora Formosa Acropora loripes Acropora clathrata Acropora cytherea Psammocora digitata Psammocora superficialis Acropora elseyi Pocillopora kelleheri Porites evermanni Montipora incrassate Montipora nodosa Goniopora stokesi Leptoria irregularis Favites spinosa Fungia corona Acropora verweyi Favia danae 2 Acropora nana Acropora spicifera Acropora hoeksemai Montipora undata Porites nigrescens Acropora nobilis Goniopora columna Montipora digitata Favites micropentagona Goniastrea aspera 2,3 Astreopora randalli Barabattoia laddi Acropora sarmentosa Scolymia vitiensis Seriatopora hystrix Acanthastrea hemprichii Psammocora contigua Sandalolitha robusta Polyphyllia talpina Porites solida Pectinia paeonia Platygyra yayamaensis Mycedium steeni Oulophyllia levis Montipora plawanensis Montipora samarensis Montipora floweri Montipora friabilis Montastrea colemani Montipora altasepta Hydnophora pilosa Leptoseris foliosa Euphyllia divisa Fungia scabra Echinophyllia echinata Echinopora taylorae Coscinaraea wellsi Cycloseris cyclolites Alveopora minuta Astreopora expansa Acropora robusta Acropora speciosa Acropora latistella Acropora paniculata Acropora echinata Acropora elegans 3 Acropora aspera Acropora derewanensis Acanthastrea regularis
Porites tuberculosa 1,2,3 Herpolitha limax Pectinia alcicornis Platygyra pini Turbinaria peltata Turbinaria stellulata Acanthastrea echinata Platygyra lamellina Platygyra verweyi Oulophyllia bennettae Oxypora glabra Montastrea magnistellata Montastrea salebrosa Favites halicora Goniopora burgosi Favia truncates Favites acuticulis 1,3 Acropora samoensis Barabottoia amicorum Acropora cerealis Turbinaria patula Turbinaria reniformis Alveopora gigas Psammocora explanulata Scolymia australis Montipora millepora Pectinia maxima Lobophyllia flabelliformis Montipora foveolata Favia maxima Favites paraflexuosa 1 Cyphastrea chalcidium Euphyllia cristata Australomussa rowleyensis Cynarina lacrymalis Astreopora myriophtalama 1,2 Euphyllia glabrescens Acropora gemmifera