Tipe-tipe
Pengaruh Sosial
1.
Compliance, Obedience, & Conformity
2.
Prosocial & Antisocial
•
Social life
is characterized by
argument, conflict and
controversy
, in which individuals or
groups try to change the thoughts,
feelings and behavior of other by
persuasion, argument, example,
command, propaganda, or force
•
Direct and indirect social pressure
Power and Influence
Capacity or ability to exert influence;
and influence is power in action
1. Reward Power The ability to give or promise rewards for compliance
2. Coercive Power The ability to give or threaten punishment for non-compliance
3. Informational Power The target’s belief that the influencer
has more information than oneself
4. Expert Power The target’s belief that the influencer
has generally greater expertise and knowledge than oneself
5. Legitimate Power The target’s belief that the influencer is
authorized by a recognized power structure to command and make decisions
6. Referent Power Identification with, attraction to or respect for the source of influence
COMPLIANCE
• Superficial, public and transitory change in
behavior and expressed attitude in response to
request, coercion, or group pressure
• Compliance doesn’t reflect internal change
usually persist is under surveilence (perhatikan tabel)
• Faktor dan situasi seperti apa yang
Power & Tactic
• Ingratiation • Reciprocity
• Foot-in-the door
Someone agree to a small request, the person will wiling to comply with a large request (menanyakan sesuatu
untuk menawarkan barang)
• Door-in-the-face
A large favor first, a small request second (Politikus)
• Low-ball
OBEDIENCE
to
CONFORMITY
•Conformity is not based on power but rather on subjective validity of social norms
(Festiger, 1950; Hogg & Vaughan)
•Norm becomes an internalized standard for behavior, and thus surveillance is
unnecessary
•Conformity reflects a relatively rational
process in which people construct a norm
from other people’s behavior in order to
determine correct and appropriate
• Social norms emerge in order to guide behavior under conditions of
uncertainty (Sherif, 1936)
• Contoh: Sepak Bola, Mahasiswa,
(reference groups)
• Jika telah memiliki tingkah laku yang
pantas dan tepat, maka tingkah laku yang lain bagaimana?
• Majority group, cultural values, situational, normative (approval-disapproval),
PERBEDAAN
•
Compliance
direct request
•
