GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY
DALAM PERSPECTIVE PERTAHANAN
BIOCRIME
BIOTERRORISME
&
MAYJEN TNI dr. BEN YURA RIMBA, MARS
Jakarta 3 Juli 1961.
Dik: S1, Wamil 87/88, S2, Seskoad, S3
Penugasan: Kostrad, Dam Jaya, Kopassus, Pusdikkes, Unhan,
Ditkesad, Puskes TNI
Ops: Timor, Irja, Aceh, Bosnia.
Tugas luar: Afrika Selatan, Amerika, Arab Saudi, Australia,
Belanda, Belgia, Brunei, Canada , Cheko, China, Croatia,
France, German , Hongaria, India, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia,
Mexico, Mesir,Nepal, Philipine, Rusia, Singapore, Serbia,
Hakekat Ancaman
•
Buku Putih Pertahanan 2016
•
Ancaman Belum Nyata
– Perang terbuka
– Invasi Pasukan Asing
•
Ancaman Nyata
– Terorisme
– Bencana Alam
– Wabah Penyakit
– Narkoba
– Pencurian SDA
Perang Generasi ke 4
• Bentuknya
– Proxy War
– Assymetric Warfare/ Irregular Warfare
• Sasaran
– Manusia, Sistem Pemikiran, Sistem Budaya
– Sistem komunikasi, system informasi,
– Sumber Daya Alam di Darat dan Laut
– Energi, Air dan Makanan
– Industri Kesehatan Manusia, Peternakan dan Pertanian.
• Metodenya menguasai tanpa menghancurkan via
– Cultural Warfare, Psychological Warfare
– Economic Warfare, Currency Warfare,
– Information Warfare, Cyber Warfare,
Mekanisme Pertahanan
Non Konvensional/Nir Militer
•
Energy, Water and Food Security
•
Maritime Security
•
Cyber Security
•
CBRN
– Chemical weapon conv, – Bioweapon Conv,
– Nuclear anti proliferation.
PERKEMBANGAN TERKINI
• CHEMICAL
– Harrasing Agent.
– Incapaciting Agents
– Lethal Agents:
• BLISTER /NERVES/BLOODS /CHOOKINGS
• RADIOLOGICAL
– DIRTY BOMB
• NUCLEAR
– A BOMB , H BOMB/ THERMONUCLEAR, NEUTRON BOMB
– SALTED BOMB
• BIOLOGICAL
– BIOLOGICAL ARMED RACE/BIOWEAPOND/BIODEFENSE
– BIOLOGICAL WARFARE/BIOECONOMIC WARFARE
– DUAL USES >BIOTERRORISM>BIOSECURITY
– BIOENGENEERING/SEED ENGEENERING/ BIOSAFETY
Ancaman Biologi
•
Bioweapon
– Biocrime
– Biological Warfare – Bioterrorism
•
Mengapa?
– Mudah dibuat, dibawa dan bereplikasi – Dampak Biologis
– Dampak Ekonomi – Dampak Sosial
Sejarah GHSA
• GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY INISIATIVE 2001 diusulkan oleh FINLANDIA
• INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATION 2005, WHO, bersifat non legal binding
• GHSI menjadi GHSA 2011 diusulkan oleh USA
• Secara resmi THE GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AGENDA (GHSA) diluncurkan FEB 13, 2014
• Negara G7 mendorong suksesnya GHSA pd JUNi 2014;
GHSA 2014
di Helsinki & Jakarta
• GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AGENDA COMMITMENT DEVELOPMENT MEETING, HELSINKI, FINLAND, MAY 5-6, 2014
• BUILDING GLOBAL COMMITMENT TO MULTISECTORAL APPROACHES TO MANAGE EMERGING ZOONOTIC
DISEASE IN SUPPORT OF THE GLOBAL HEALTH SECURITY AGENDA WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF PUBLIC HEALTH 21-22 AUGUST 2014, JAKARTA
Peluncuran GHSA di Gedung Putih
26 September 2014
•
Diluncurkan ol Pres Barack Obama,
•
Dihadiri oleh
– National Security Advisor Susan Rice,
– Assistant to the President for Homeland Security and Counterterrorism Lisa Monaco,
– SoH Sylvia M Burwell,
– State Secretary John Kerry
– SoD Chuck Hagel
•
with Ministers and senior officials from 43 other countries and
Kegiatan 2015 di Bangkok,
Geneva, Paris, Cape Town Hanoi an Seoul
• GHSA LABORATORY MEETING 7 SD 9 MAY 2015 BANGKOK THAILAND
• Rapat World Health Assembly di Geneva 21 23 Mei 2015 dihadiri Menkes RI
• Rapat Half Day GHSA Meeting di Paris tgl 19 Juni 2015 dihadiri Dirjen P2PL
• Rapat WHO High Level Partnership, Health Security
Emergencies Beyond Ebola, 13 sd 15 Juli 2015 Cape Town
• Rapat GHSA Zoonotic Threat Preparation di Hanoi Vietnam 25 sd 26 Agustus
• GHSA Seoul Ministrial Meeting
• Seoul Declaration
Join Statement
Pres Jokowi-Pres Obama
26 Oktober 2015 White House
KEGIATAN 2016
• Regional Workshop: “Enhancing Regional Partnership toward Strengthening Laboratory System in Accelerating GHSA’s Implementation” Bangkok, Thailand - 27-29 July 2016
• Animal and Human Health Collaboration in ASEAN, Da Nang, Viet Nam - 16-18 August 2016, The 1st Joint Consultative Meeting between ASEAN Veterinary Epidemiology Group ASEAN plus three Field
Epidemiology Training Network (ASEAN + 3 FETN). Concept Note: Animal and Human Health Collaboration in ASEAN
• GHSA Action Package Coordination Meeting, Jakarta, Indonesia - 23-24 August 2016
• 3rd Annual Ministerial Meeting, The Hague, Netherlands - 12-14
GHSA 2016 MEETINGS
• 5th July 2016 - 5th Video Conference on Strengthening Laboratory Systems Action Package [PDF, 5.19MB]
• 27-29 June 2016 - Advancing Global Health Security: From Commitments to Actions: Bali, Indonesia
• 20 June 2016 - Second GHSA Videoconference for Workforce Development Action Package [PDF, 496Kb]
• 23-28 May 2016 - World Health Assembly: Geneva, Switzerland
• 23 May 2016 - Side Event during the World Health Assembly on the Role of Global Health Security Agenda in Supporting Countries' Capacity to Implement
International Health Regulations
• 22 May 2016 - Meeting of the Alliance for Country Assessment: Geneva, Switzerland
• 21 May 2016 - Steering Group Meeting: Geneva, Switzerland
• 9-10 May 2016 - Workshop on Regional Strategic Framework for Human Health Workforce Development on Epidemiology Advancing IHR/GHSA [PDF, 1.3MB] This meeting was organized by the Royal Thai Government as a lead for the
GHSA 2016 MEETINGS
• 27-28 April 2016 - Biosafety and Biosecurity (Prevent-3) Action Package Stakeholders Meeting; Lisbon, Portugal
• 14-15 April 2016 - Bi-Regional Technical Consultation on Antimicrobial Resistance in Asia: Tokyo, Japan
• 22-23 March 2016 - High Level Conference on Global Health Security: Lyon, France
• 14 March 2016 - GHSA Alliance on Country Assessment: Geneva, Switzerland
• 25 March 2016 - First GHSA Videoconference for Workforce Development Action Package [PDF, 152Kb]
• 23 January 2016 - Steering Group Meeting: Geneva, Switzerland
• 13 January 2016 – Global Health Risk Framework Launch Event - The National Academy of Medicine's convened commission report and actions on a "Global Health Risk Framework for the Future"
• 3 December 2015 – GHSA AP3 Meeting: Copenhagen, Denmark
• 7–9 September 2015 – GHSA 2015 High-Level Meeting in Seoul
• 20–21 August 2014 – Global Meeting on Infectious Disease - Jakarta, Indonesia
Negara yg terlibat
•
Australia, Azerbaijan, Canada, Chile, China,
Denmark, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Georgia,
Germany, Guinea, India, Indonesia, Israel,
Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, Liberia, Malaysia,
Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan, Peru,
Portugal, Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia,
Sierra Leone, Singapore, South Africa, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey,
Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United
Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, and Yemen.
Organisasi Dunia yg terlibat
•
United Nations,
–
World Health Organization,
–
the World Organization for Animal Health
–
World Bank,
–
Food and Agriculture Organization,
–
INTERPOL
•
African Union,
BentukPendekatan
• Health Approach: Kemko PMK
– Pendekatan Keamanan Kesehatan satu atap
– Tidak hanya membasmi NATURAL DESEASE, tetapi juga fokus pd ancaman penyakit yg secara sengaja didesign dan dibuat untuk menyerang manusia, hewan, pertanian yg berdampak pada perekonomian Negara tersebut.
• Security Approch : KemkoPolhukam
– Intergrasi secara profesional di bidang Keamanan , Penegakan Hukum dan Intelijen yg melibatkan Militer, Polisi, penegak hukum, dan para ahli kedokteran, kedokteran hewan, pertanian, lingkungan hidup, dan kesehatan masyarakat.
• Pemangku kepentingan : Negara Negara seantoro dunia
• Badan badan PBB spt WHO, FAO, OIE, Interpol dll
Peran Dokter Masa ke Masa
•
Dokter from Hero to Zero
•
Setara tukang parkir
•
Quovadiss
•
Tren baru, tantangan baru, kesempatan
baru
•
Bermain di dua cluster
Solusi Dunia
GHSA Action Packages
AKSELERATOR IHR 2005
• Prevent
– Prevent 1: Antimicrobial Resistance
– Prevent 2: Zoonotic Disease
– Prevent 3: Biosafety and Biosecurity
– Prevent 4: Immunization
• Detect
– Detect 1: National Laboratory System
– Detect 2 & 3: Real-Time Surveillance
– Detect 4: GHSA Reporting
– Detect 5: Workforce Development
• Respond
– Respond 1: Emergency Operations Centers
– Respond 2: Linking Public Health with Law and Multi-sectoral Rapid Response
Bentuk Kerjasama
• Multisectoral dan Multi Laterall
• Act LOCALLY, NATIONALLY and GLOBALLY
• Melalui Kebijakan, Penelitian, Pendidikan CB & Praktek
• Tentu saja pasti menghadapi konflik kepentingan krn
perbedaan budaya dan kepentingan antar Negara, antar kementerian,antar profesi dan setiap unsur punya tujuan sasaran, kepentingan & sudut pandang.
• PERKUAT KERJA SAMA SIPIL MILITER DLM
Konsep TNI Kemhan
•
TNI-Kemhan berada dlm Health Cluster yi
Kesehatan TNI tetapi bila eskalasi meningkat
bergeser ke Security Cluster di bawah Koordinasi
Kemko Polhukam dan TNI hanyalah salah satu
komponen dalam sistem GHS yang luas.
•
PERKUAT KERJASAMA SIPIL MILITER
•
Kemhan menyusun Kebijakan & Strategi :
–
Pada saat Pra Bencana
–
Pada saat Bencana Skala Kecil
–
Pada saat Bencana Skala Sedang
Konsep Tahapan Penanganan
Bencana Biologi
•
Tahap Pra Bencana,
–
Persiapan Payung Hukum, Kebijakan, Strategi,
Capasity Building seluruh Kementerian terkait,
Sosialisasi Disseminati dan Advocacy GHSA
•
Bencana Skala Kecil > Kemkes >>Dokter untuk
Bangsa >> AGENT OF DEFENSE>> BABINSA
•
Bencana skala Sedang, di declare sbg bencana
nasional > BNPB, UU Bencana, PP 21, 22, 23
Tahap Pra Bencana
• Sosialisasi GHSA dan Ancaman via seminar symposium, workshop dll dll
• Menyiapkan Payung Hukum, Kebijakan dan strategi sampai ke SOP dan Juklap teknis
• Capasity Building Health Cluster sesuai 11 Action Package GHSA dengan mengenyampingkan hal hal yg tidak
memberikan manfaat bagi NKRI
• Capasity Building Security Cluster bagi SDM dgn Pendidikan , Latihan, TTX, CPX, FTX, CIS. Ttg isolasi, dll
• Sbg ketua Troika melakukan Kerja sama militer dgn pihak asing dlm frame work biodefense, biological warfare, dan bio terrorisme. BIN BNPT BAIS BAINTELKAM POLRI
Bencana Skala Kecil
•
Cluster PMK
–
Kemkes
•
Ditjen P2PL,
•
Pusat Krisis Kemkes
–
Dinas Kesehatan/RSUD RST se Indonesia
–
PB IDI dan jajarannya
–
Lembaga Penelitian dan BSL 3
Bencana Skala Sedang
•
Cluster nasional BNPB,
– Dengan perkuatan lintas Kementerian dan Lembaga – Ditunjuk Inciden Commander
– Yon Nubika, Yonkes, RS TNI, SDM TNI, Alutsista TNI, Kapal, Helicopter dll
– BNPT ikut terlibat bila diduga bencana buatan – Bantuan Medis Asing Civil & Military
– UN Forum: IASC OCHA, WHO, FAO, OIE, WFP, FAO e – G to G, Mil to Mil Military Forum : APC MADRO,
Bencana Skala Besar
•
Cluster Security
– Di negara Barat di kendalikan ol DKN – Di Indonesia UU Kamnas belum ada – Kemko Polhukam ambil alih
– Presiden penanggung jawab
– Seluruh kabinet dan lembaga tinggi Negara terlibat
– Dampak Internasional > First Second, Multi Track Diplomasi:
• Travel ban, karantina paksa
• Pengurangan arus masuk dan keluar barang di bandara dan pelabuhan laut, cad minyak 18 hr.
– Dampak Nasional
• Kerusuhan dalam negeri
Esklasi Bencana Biologi
Heath Cluster BNPB Cluster Security Cluster
Koordinator Menko PMK
Koordinonator Ka BNPB / IC
Koordinator Menko Polhukam
Diagram Pelibatan
TNI dlm GHSA
International
Security Issue
National Issue
Global Health Security Agenda Merupakan Health Issues dgn 11 Action Packages nya
