A STUDY OF STUDENT’S ABILITY IN MASTERING POLITE REQUEST( A Case Study to Tenth Grade Students of SMA Negeri 4 Langsa)

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11 SARWAH,VOLUME XV (I), JANUARI – JUNI 2016

A STUDY OF STUDENT’S ABILITY

IN MASTERING

POLITE REQUEST

(

A Case Study to Tenth Grade Students of SMA Negeri 4 Langsa)

Oleh: Baihaqi

English Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty Samudra

University Langsa

Abstract

This research is aimed to find out the obstacles in mastering English especially in learning conversation to the SMA Negeri 4 Langsa and the using polite request in conversation. To identify the ability of the first grade student of SMA Negeri 4 Langsa. The hypothesis of this research is that the first grade students of SMA Negeri 4 Langsa still have problem in using polite request in conversation. To achieve the goal of this study, the researcher has conducted field research at SMA Negeri 4 Langsa. To gain the data needed, she applied some techniques: experiment teaching, observation and test. The sample of this study was the first grade students of SMA Negeri 4 Langsa. In experimental teaching, the researcher taught for four meeting. The allocations of the time to the test that the researcher used: pre-test and post test. The finding of this study shows that the teaching polite request direct method that uses some techniques stated above is very effective in teaching English polite request to tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 4 Langsa. It can be proved from the final result obtained by the students. Most of them can get good scores (between 60 - 90 0r 76,92%).

Key Words: Students Ability, Polite Request

A. Background of Research Murphy (2005: 54) explains that language play a vital role in relationship between person to another by knowing language we can communicate, improve our knowledge as, Harris (2001:4) defines that “ Language is a system of arbitrary. Or other people who have learned the system of the culture, to communicate of interact” it means that there are countless language operate in the world most of them are used locally but few, other

are used internationally. English is one of the most important as being internationally used. It is operated almost in every part of activities especially in the field of politic, economics industries and education.

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12 SARWAH,VOLUME XV (I), JANUARI – JUNI 2016 and it is commonly used by educated

and high rank officials, especially in international affairs. To know English and to be able to speak it well has a acquires a key which will open to him whatever is value in the literature of the world.”

French (2000: 75) states that everything of important which happens day by day is printed in English in newspaper, or spoken in over the radio, all over the world, and this is true in the great European countries as well as in countries in the East and in the West. A person who can read English can keep in touch with all the world without leaving his own home.

It is clearly the teacher’s duty to do everything possible to give his students even though the time may short, a common of English which will be sufficient and lasting. There are four clear aims is stated by Gimson (2000:29). Which are within the limits of possibly of understanding what are speaking, reading and writing there are:

1. We try to give the student the ability to speak within a limit of the vocabulary, and correctly within the most useful sentences pattern. Speech is essential because language is a spoken thing. For Every word that is written or read, millions of words are spoken, writing, and printing are only speech reduced to extra words which are known, but which are not remembered for immediate use. It also has an obvious practical value. A learner who say. Please speak more when seen, but which are not ready for immediate use in speech. Reading includes everything that is included in This is because of the modern technology which are accelerates the development of many fields including use the language of English in every aspect.

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that language is used as a means of communication among the member of community by design sound symbol profuse by human organs of speech which contain meaning. By language we can talk to our friends express our ideas, emotion or feeling communication through language make people possible to adjust themselves with their social environment.

Today English a foreign language is becoming an important language in the world. It has been used widely in education, business, economy and also government. English is learned by countries in the world whether as a second language or as a foreign language. So, it communicate involve knowledge of the language.”

The people make practice conversation in realistic, everyday situation as they learn about their customs. The students learn how to interact comfortable. With their friends in a certain situation. They learn to make introduction, small talk, request something, participate by asking and responding to question, give them an order instruction.

Audia (2005:31) states “ Polite request is the way to request something from other people in polite way.” Based on the statement above we can conclude that “ Polite Request” is very important subject to teach for the students. As the teacher of course we want all of our students can be a good speakers of English language. By interpreting it is regarded that we always use the polite request in our conversation especially in our daily conversation. Generally we use it at school, between teacher and students, students to students, teacher to teacher and so on. In our life we need other sides, we need cooperate with other people as the community in an environment. Impossible we can do everything only by ourselves. Actually we need some helps from other

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14 SARWAH,VOLUME XV (I), JANUARI – JUNI 2016 conversation is primer in

communication. Students should be equipped and engaged in communicative exposure not with the rules of language. In this case Clark (2001:42) states “ Speaking or conversation is mental activity where people put ideas into words with expression in the language, talking about perception, feelings, prediction and idea.”

It means conversation or speaking is very important to be developed as it can express our ideas when we communicate with one or more people. To communicate is to convey information that can be various understanding, fact and other ideas orally to the listeners. Furthermore, conversation is an activity that are involving two or more people in sending and receiving the information or the message in oral form.

According to the Rivers (2000:37) “ Speaking is also essentially interaction between person or among person” It means that conversation take place where is at least on one speaker and one listener. Conversation is a way between speaker and listener involving the productive skill of The message itself in normal speech, usually certain a great deal of information which is redundant. At the same time the listener is helped by prosodic features, such as stress and intonation, which accompany the

spoken utterance and form part of it’s meaning and also by facial and body movements. In conversation every one has something to say and can speak every time. In daily life, we sometimes refer to conversation as chat and focus on the book as a kind of spoken interaction rather than on formal, planned occasion for speaking such as meeting. In this theme we always use of polite request.

Speaking ability closely deals with to say and how to say. In linguistic setting, what to say is called competence, it refers to knowledge; Knowledge of grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation and other part of language. One’s may speak certain language fluently without carrying of speech act rules or norms which prevail among the language users. In sociolinguistic point of view, speaking ability require honest, accuracy, speed and beauty. Then one’s also need to consider with whom they are speaking , what language, where and when, with whom means speaks to whom, the higher status to the lower status teacher to students, student to student, etc.

Speaking ability is to indicate the students English competence in answering and asking question or statement, so good teacher are aware of differences in rapid and style, formal and informal speech and attempt to deal with them in some fashion. So by speaking skill or ability for the students are capacity of qualification to express ideas, emotion, feelings through words and utterances to whoever speaker.

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thus reason he said that many teacher give up the attempt to teach it and concentrate on what they call more intellectual approach to language teaching.

What language mean, what language they are speaking in, this should be realized because each language has it’s own specification. For instant, in English it is supposed normal to say ‘you’ for older people or parent, but in Indonesian language it’s supposed impolite, even rude. Where shows the setting or the place where the speaking is taking place. In certain environment high social status should not be prevail in any place. Therefore, one need the consider where he or she is speaking in office, party at home? Etc. when it shows or refers to the situation of speaking.

A conversation is the activity of communication where two or more people create the communication by using language, sound in sentences processing. So conversation is communicative. It has a certain structure as opening, content and closing. The first speaker will make a move as an initiation, with various fact the two speaker know how to say in response the opening. For instance, there is a stereotype expression can be predicated due to the meaning, in this case Caulhard (2000:62) stated: “ Class the stimulus response as adjacency pairs” it means that teaching conversation for the students has purpose to let them know about some factors that must be a master in speaking, because in

conversation every student has something to say. In daily life, the students refer to conversation as chat and focus on the book as a kind of spoken interaction rather than on formal, planned occasion for speaking such meeting.

Halliday’s Tem (2000:291) mentions that function of language as follows:

1._{Regulatory is committed to} control an event. This function has meaning to maintain while instrumental looks having more powerful. It consist into agreement, rejection, etc. Example: I don’t / do not agree with you. This is the use of language to control the behavior of others, to manipulate the persons in the environment; the ‘do as I tell you function here we find a basic distinction between demand for the other person’s company and a demand for specific action on his or her part.

2._Repetitions _commit _a statement by providing evidence and knowledge, explanation or reporting or present the fact or reality. The example: The sun is not bright. In the course of maturation this function is increasingly emphasized until eventually it comes to dominate.

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16 SARWAH,VOLUME XV (I), JANUARI – JUNI 2016 slank, humor, culture,

politeness.

4._{Personal is used to state} feeling, emotion and privacy, someone’s privacy can be signed by using this personal communication function. 5._{Heuristic is used to obtain}

knowledge to comprehend an environment this function is always clarified in interrogative from that demand and answer. Example: What is an atom. 6._{Imaginative is used to create}

an imagination system or idea by reciting a joke, tale or novel. By this function, we can enjoy the beauty out of the real world.

7._Ideational _is _a _major component of meaning in the language system that is basic to more or less all uses of language. It is meaning potential, although the potential is very vast and complex, for instant the whole of transitivity system in language, the interpretation and expression in language of different types of process of the external world, including material. Mental and abstract process of every kinds part of the ideational component of the grammar.

8._{Interpersonal is somebody} that sense of language to express social and personal relations, including all forms of the speaker’s instruction into the speech situations on the speech act. The people also uses language personality as we have seen, interacting with

other people, controlling their behavior, also expressing his own personality, attitudes and feelings, but these uses are specific and differentiated. 9._{Textual is which fill the}

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To analyze the result, the statistical procedure to calculate the test score obtained from the experimental and control groups the writer will used the 2 score statistics see the real mean difference between the two groups. The formula for the 2 scores suggested by Sudjana (1989:32) as follows. With the

Z = Is the significant differences between two mean deviation of the control group. S2 = Refers to the standard

deviation of the experimental group while N1 dan N2 refer to the number of the students. (Source: Suharsimi: 1993: 23)

B. Result

E.1. Procedure of Data Collection

Each research needs the concrete data to prove the researcher assumption. The data f this study well collected through an experiment performance among the tenth year students of SMA Negeri 4 Langsa. Before the experiment took place the writer observed both classes. The observation was intended to see the instructional process of English. After doing the observation the students in both classes were given a pre-test approach, method and technique chosen in teaching learning process.

4.2 The Presentation of the Test The following is the raw score of the experimental group (X.1) and the control group (X.2) as per as mentioned by Sujana ( 2002: 77)

Table: II

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28 75 80

29 75 80

30 75 80

31 75 80

32 75 80

33 65 75

34 65 75

35 60 75

36 60 75

37 55 75

38 55 75

39 55 75

40 50 70

∑=3130 ∑=3510

Table: III

The Raw Score of the Control Group

NO Pre-Test Post-Test

1 2

1 75 75

2 75 70

3 75 65

4 75 70

5 75 70

6 75 75

7 75 75

8 70 65

9 70 70

10 70 75

11 70 60

12 70 70

13 70 65

14 70 65

15 70 65

16 70 70

17 70 70

18 70 75

19 70 75

20 70 75

21 70 65

22 65 65

23 65 60

24 65 65

25 65 65

26 65 60

27 65 60

28 65 65

29 65 60

30 60 60

31 60 60

32 60 60

33 60 60

34 60 60

35 60 55

3 6 60 55

37 55 50

38 55 50

39 50 50

40 50 50

∑ -= 2710 ∑=

2625

Table: IV

The Calculation of Mean And Standard Deviation Of Post Test From The Control Group

I F1 B Xi F1.Xi (Xi-X1)² F1 (Xi-X1)²

50 – 54 4 49.5 – 54.5 52 208 206.78 827.12 55 – 59 2 54.5 – 59.5 57 114 87.98 175.96 60 – 64 10 59.5 – 64.5 62 620 19.18 191.8 65 - 69 10 64.5 – 69.5 67 670 0.38 38 70 – 74 7 69.5 – 74.5 72 504 31.58 221.06 75 - 79 7 74.5 – 79.5 77 539 112.78 789.46

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ΣF1. Xi X1 = N

2655

=

40

= 66.38

And

ΣF1 ( Xi - X1 ) ²

S1² = N -1

2209.2

=

40 -1

2209.2

=

39

= 56.65

= √ 56.65

= 7.5

Range = The highest data – The lowest data

= 75 – 50

= 25

The number of class data = 1 + 3.3 Log n = 1 + 3.3 Log 40

= 1 + 3.3 * 1.32

= 5.35

= 5

Range Interval Kelas =

The number of class interval

25

=

5

= 5

TABLE V

The Calculation of Mean And Standard Deviation Of Pre-Test From The Control Group

I F2 B Xi F2.Xi (Xi-X2)² F2 (Xi-X2)²

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20 SARWAH,VOLUME XV (I), JANUARI – JUNI 2016 75 - 79 7 74.5 – 79.5 77 539 74.30 5520.49

Σ 40 388.5 2735 6799.59

ΣF2. Xi

X2 = N

2735

=

40

= 68.38

And

ΣF2 ( Xi – X2 ) ²

S2² = N -1

6799.59

=

40 -1

6799.59

=

39

= 174.35

= √ 174.35

= 13.2

Range = The highest data – The lowest data

= 75 – 50

= 25

The number of class data = 1 + 3.3 Log n = 1 + 3.3 Log 40 = 1 + 3.3 * 1.32

= 5.35

= 5

25

=

5

= 5 X¹ - X²

Z =

√( S1 ) ² + ( S2 ) ² n n 66.38 – 68.38

=

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-2

=

√56.25 + 174.24 40

-2

=

√230.49

40

-2

=

√5.76

-2

= 2.4 Z = -0.83

The calculation shows that the calculated Z score is -0.83 between the two test. These means is less than 1.96. So, the null hypothesis (Ho) is accepted and alternative hypothesis (Hl) is rejected. This mean that there is no significant difference between the two means. In addition the groups have same level of vocabulary knowledge

TABLE VI

The Calculation Of Mean And Standard Deviation Of Post-Test From The Experimental Group

65 - 70 1 64.5 – 70.5 67.5 67.5 386.12 386.12 71 – 76 7 70.5 –76.5 73.5 514.5 186.32 1304.24 77 – 82 6 76.5 – 82. 79.5 477 58.52 351.12 83 - 88 7 82.5 – 88.5 85.5 598.5 2.72 19.04 89 – 94 4 88.5 – 94.5 91. 366 18.92 75.68 95 - 100 15 94.5 – 100.5 97.5 1462.5 107.12 1606.8

Σ 40 495 3486 3743

Range = The highest data – The lowest data = 100 – 70

= 30

= 5.35

= 5

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=

5

= 6

ΣF1. Xi

X1 = N

3486

=

40

= 87.15

ΣF1 ( Xi - X1 ) ² S1² = N -1

3743

=

40 -1

3743

=

39

= 95.97

= √ 95.97

= 9.79

TABLE VII

The Calculation Of Mean And Standard Deviation Of Pre-Test From The Experimental Group

51 – 59 4 50.5 – 59.5 55 220 462.25 1849 60 – 68 4 59.5 – 68.5 64 256 156.25 625 69 – 77 6 68.5 – 77.5 73 438 12.25 73.5 78 - 86 20 77.5 – 86.5 82 1620 30.25 605 87 – 95 6 86.5 – 95.5 91 546 210.25 1261.5

Σ 40 3060 4414

Range = The highest data – The lowest data = 95 – 50

= 45

= 5.35

= 5

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45

=

5

= 9

ΣF2. Xi

X2 =

N

3060

=

40

= 76.5

ΣF2 ( Xi – X2 ) ² S2² =

N -1

4414

=

40 -1

4414

=

39

= 113.18

= √ 113.18

= 10.64

X¹ - X²

Z=

√( S1 ) ²+ ( S2 ) ² n n

87.15 – 76.5

=

√ (9.79) ² + (10.64) ²

40 40

10.65

=

√95.84 + 113.21

40

10.65

=

√ 209.05

40

10.65

=

√5.26

10.65

= 2.29

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24 SARWAH,VOLUME XV (I), JANUARI – JUNI 2016 C. Conclusion

a._{Vocabulary is one of the} components of a language that support the other skill such as, speaking, reading, listening and writing.

b._{Conversation or speaking is} very important to be developed as it can express our ideas when we communicate with one or more people.

c._{To communicate is to convey} information that can be various understanding, fact and other ideas orally to the listeners. Speaking is an activity that are involving two or more people in sending and receiving the information or the message orally

d._{Polite request is one of the} important aspect to be taught and to be learn. Every speaker of English or the learners of English language use of polite request.

e._The _students _still _have difficulties in mastery English polite request in conversation

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