RESEARCH WORK AT THE
RESEARCH WORK AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS
UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS
Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Center for Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy
Energy
Building Energy Efficiency Program
Building Energy Efficiency Program
University of Massachusetts
University of Massachusetts
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH AREAS
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH AREAS
SUPPORT FOR NFRC
SUPPORT FOR NFRC
SUPPORT FOR ASHRAE, ASTM
SUPPORT FOR ASHRAE, ASTM
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS TO DATE
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS TO DATE
FUTURE RESEARCH
FUTURE RESEARCH
MAJOR RESEARCH AREAS
MAJOR RESEARCH AREAS
ADVANCED CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN
ADVANCED CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN
GLAZING CAVITIES
GLAZING CAVITIES
NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER ON
NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER ON
FENESTRATION BOUNDARIES
FENESTRATION BOUNDARIES
3-D HEAT TRANSFER EFFECTS
3-D HEAT TRANSFER EFFECTS
IMPROVEMENTS IN TESTING TECHNOLOGY
IMPROVEMENTS IN TESTING TECHNOLOGY
WHY ARE WE DOING THIS
WHY ARE WE DOING THIS
RESEARCH?
RESEARCH?
Expanded knowledge about the physics and
Expanded knowledge about the physics and
performance of fenestration systems
performance of fenestration systems
Development of algorithms and methodologies
Development of algorithms and methodologies
that can be incorporated in computer programs
that can be incorporated in computer programs
Computer programs are needed by manufacturers
Computer programs are needed by manufacturers
to design better products
to design better products
Computer programs are needed to rate products
Computer programs are needed to rate products
Dedicated computer programs are the best way to
Dedicated computer programs are the best way to
transfer complex knowledge into user friendly and
transfer complex knowledge into user friendly and
affordable tools that can be used by non-experts
HOW THESE RESEARCH AREAS
HOW THESE RESEARCH AREAS
HELP?
HELP?
Improve accuracy of U-factor calculations
Improve accuracy of U-factor calculations
Improve accuracy of SHGC calculations
Improve accuracy of SHGC calculations
Improve condensation resistance prediction
Improve condensation resistance prediction
Allow better integration of fenestration
Allow better integration of fenestration
models with whole building models
models with whole building models
Provide foundation for the development of
Provide foundation for the development of
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN
GLAZING CAVITIES
GLAZING CAVITIES
Vertical glazing cavities – standard gap width
Vertical glazing cavities – standard gap width
Vertical glazing cavities – wide gap
Vertical glazing cavities – wide gap
Sloped glazing cavities – standard gap
Sloped glazing cavities – standard gap
Sloped glazing cavities – wide gap
Sloped glazing cavities – wide gap
2-D and 3-D modeling
2-D and 3-D modeling
GLAZING CAVITIES GEOMETRY
GLAZING CAVITIES GEOMETRY
AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS
RANGE OF PERFORMANCE FOR
RANGE OF PERFORMANCE FOR
GLAZING CAVITIES
GLAZING CAVITIES
3 1 0
(
)
g T T L
Ra
VERTICAL AND SLOPED 2-D
VERTICAL AND SLOPED 2-D
CAVITIES
CAVITIES
Angle of Inclination From 0 to 90 Deg.
Angle of Inclination From 0 to 90 Deg.
A=38.25, Ra=6559.7
1.8 2 2.2 2.4
e
N
u
Fidap 2-D
TEMPERATURE CONTOURS AT MID-X
TEMPERATURE CONTOURS AT MID-X
PLANE FOR A=40, Ra=9,650
PLANE FOR A=40, Ra=9,650
0
15
45
STREAMFUNCTION MOVIE CLIP –
STREAMFUNCTION MOVIE CLIP –
HORIZONTAL GLAZING CAVITY (0
GOALS OF RESEARCH IN ADVANCED
GOALS OF RESEARCH IN ADVANCED
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN IGU
CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN IGU
Better understanding of physics of natural
Better understanding of physics of natural
convection heat transfer in glazing cavities
convection heat transfer in glazing cavities
(i.e., high aspect ratio, low Ra)
(i.e., high aspect ratio, low Ra)
Investigation of optimal meshes and
Investigation of optimal meshes and
turbulence models
turbulence models
Development of recommended flow regimes
Development of recommended flow regimes
Development of heat transfer correlations
Development of heat transfer correlations
Transition to future research (i.e., shading
Transition to future research (i.e., shading
devices and other complex fenestration
devices and other complex fenestration
systems)
NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT
NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT
TRANSFER ON THE WARM
TRANSFER ON THE WARM
BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY
Simulation of natural convection flow in
Simulation of natural convection flow in
idealized conditions
idealized conditions
Simulation of natural convection flow under
Simulation of natural convection flow under
realistic conditions
realistic conditions
HEAT TRANSFER RESULTS FOR
HEAT TRANSFER RESULTS FOR
BACKWARD FACING STEP
VIRTUAL THERMAL TESTING FACILITY
VIRTUAL THERMAL TESTING FACILITY
(ViTTeF) CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
(ViTTeF) CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
Boundary
layer
Insulated
surround
panel
Window
NUMERICAL MESH OF THE TWO
NUMERICAL MESH OF THE TWO
INDEPENDENT COMPONENTS
TURBULENCE VISCOSITY AND
TURBULENCE VISCOSITY AND
VELOCITIES DISTRIBUTION IN A
VELOCITIES DISTRIBUTION IN A
CHANMBER
GOALS OF CONVECTION HEAT
GOALS OF CONVECTION HEAT
TRANSFER ON FENESTRATION
TRANSFER ON FENESTRATION
BOUND. RESEARCH
BOUND. RESEARCH
Better understanding of physics of natural
Better understanding of physics of natural
convection heat transfer over fenestration
convection heat transfer over fenestration
surfaces
surfaces
Better understanding of testing apparatus
Better understanding of testing apparatus
heat transfer
heat transfer
Investigation of optimal meshes for this type
Investigation of optimal meshes for this type
of flow
of flow
Developments of correlations for use in
Developments of correlations for use in
fenestration software
fenestration software
3-D HEAT TRANSFER EFFECTS
3-D HEAT TRANSFER EFFECTS
RESEARCH
RESEARCH
Effective development of 3-D geometries
Effective development of 3-D geometries
Investigation of optimum 3-D meshes
Investigation of optimum 3-D meshes
Development of full 3-D models for major
Development of full 3-D models for major
window types, materials, glazing
window types, materials, glazing
configurations, spacers, etc.
configurations, spacers, etc.
Presentation of results in a form suitable for
Presentation of results in a form suitable for
3-D GEOMETRY OF THE WINDOW
3-D MESH OF THE WOOD
3-D MESH OF THE WOOD
WINDOW
3-D HEAT FLUX &
3-D HEAT FLUX &
TEMPERATURE FIELD
HEAT TRANSFER RESULTS
HEAT TRANSFER RESULTS
EXTRACTION
GOALS OF 3-D HEAT TRANSFER
GOALS OF 3-D HEAT TRANSFER
EFFECTS RESEARCH
EFFECTS RESEARCH
Better understanding of heat transfer in
Better understanding of heat transfer in
window corners and other areas currently not
window corners and other areas currently not
considered
considered
Development of future 3-D models and
Development of future 3-D models and
algorithms
algorithms
New fenestration technologies that need 3-D
New fenestration technologies that need 3-D
models (i.e., evacuated glazing, complex
models (i.e., evacuated glazing, complex
fenestration, etc.)
fenestration, etc.)
Connection to research of interface between
Connection to research of interface between
IMPROVEMENTS IN TESTING
IMPROVEMENTS IN TESTING
TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY
Active participation in appropriate ASTM
Active participation in appropriate ASTM
committees and development/update of
committees and development/update of
standards
standards
Involvement in research level testing
Involvement in research level testing
Coordination between other research labs that
Coordination between other research labs that
do testing (i.e., LBNL, ORNL)
do testing (i.e., LBNL, ORNL)
Coordination with International group involved
Coordination with International group involved
in research level testing
UNIVERSAL HOT BOX
UNIVERSAL HOT BOX
Development of Design For the Next
Development of Design For the Next
COMPUTER MODELING OF HOT
COMPUTER MODELING OF HOT
BOX CONFIGURATIONS
BOX CONFIGURATIONS
Climatic chamber Metering chamber Frame CTSpanel Surround panel Metering
GOALS OF RESEARCH IN
GOALS OF RESEARCH IN
TESTING TECHNOLOGY
TESTING TECHNOLOGY
Better research level testing facilities lead to
Better research level testing facilities lead to
the development of better commercial
the development of better commercial
facilities
facilities
Increased confidence in validating computer
Increased confidence in validating computer
models
models
Development of harmonized testing
Development of harmonized testing
standards
standards
Lead to increased use of computer
Lead to increased use of computer
simulation, providing more cost effective
simulation, providing more cost effective
COMMERCIAL FENESTRATION
COMMERCIAL FENESTRATION
SYSTEMS
SYSTEMS
Analysis of energy performance of typical
Analysis of energy performance of typical
commercial buildings
commercial buildings
Investigation of effects of changes in fenestration
Investigation of effects of changes in fenestration
system performance on overall building energy
system performance on overall building energy
performance (i.e., sensitivity study)
performance (i.e., sensitivity study)
Development of modeling methodology specific
Development of modeling methodology specific
to non-residential products
to non-residential products
ANALYSIS OF ENERGY PERF. OF A
ANALYSIS OF ENERGY PERF. OF A
TYPICAL NON-RES BUILDING
EQUEST (DOE2) MODEL
TOTAL ENERGY USE
SUPPORT FOR NFRC
SUPPORT FOR NFRC
Development of new and more accurate
Development of new and more accurate
algorithms and methodologies for use in
algorithms and methodologies for use in
rating systems
rating systems
Participation on committees
Participation on committees
Development of standards and reference
Development of standards and reference
documents
documents
SUPPORT FOR ASHRAE
SUPPORT FOR ASHRAE
Chairing Handbook of Fundamentals
Chairing Handbook of Fundamentals
subcommittee
subcommittee
Development of handbook materials
Development of handbook materials
Membership on committees
Membership on committees
Research coordination
Research coordination
Symposia, seminar and forum chairing
Symposia, seminar and forum chairing
Standards development
Standards development
SUPPORT FOR ASTM
SUPPORT FOR ASTM
Membership on C16 and E6
Membership on C16 and E6
Chairing condensation resistance standard
Chairing condensation resistance standard
task group
task group
Active on fenestration related standard
Active on fenestration related standard
committees
committees
INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES
INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES
INTERNATIONAL: TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO
INTERNATIONAL: TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO
TRANSITIONAL ECONOMY COUNTRIES (TATEC)
TRANSITIONAL ECONOMY COUNTRIES (TATEC)
INTERNATIONAL: TECHNICAL COLLABORATION
INTERNATIONAL: TECHNICAL COLLABORATION
–
IEA Task 27
IEA Task 27
–
IEA Task 30
IEA Task 30
–
International round-robins
International round-robins
INTERNATIONAL: STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
INTERNATIONAL: STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
–
ISO TC 163/WG2: ISO 15099, 10077-1, 10077-2
ISO TC 163/WG2: ISO 15099, 10077-1, 10077-2
–
ISO TC 163/WG14: ISO 8990, 12567-1, 12567-2
ISO TC 163/WG14: ISO 8990, 12567-1, 12567-2
TATEC
TATEC
Assistance in updating testing and simulation
Assistance in updating testing and simulation
standards
standards
Translation of key documents
Translation of key documents
Workshops and seminars
Workshops and seminars
Scientific collaboration
Scientific collaboration
Assistance in upgrading testing equipment
Assistance in upgrading testing equipment
TRAINING AND SEMINARS
TRAINING AND SEMINARS
International and Domestic Training
International and Domestic Training
IEA TASK 27
IEA TASK 27
Important international collaborative task in
Important international collaborative task in
fenestration technology
fenestration technology
Not well supported from US side
Not well supported from US side
Leverage research dollars with other countries
Leverage research dollars with other countries
Peer review of our and others scientific results
Peer review of our and others scientific results
Keeping informed about major research
Keeping informed about major research
accomplishments in other countries
ISO TC 163
ISO TC 163
Important for harmonization efforts
Important for harmonization efforts
Additional scientific exchange and peer
Additional scientific exchange and peer
review
review
Ties into TATEC efforts by involving TATEC
Ties into TATEC efforts by involving TATEC
scientists in ISO efforts and keeping them up
scientists in ISO efforts and keeping them up
to date
to date
Visit research facilities and centers
Visit research facilities and centers
WHY INTERNATIONAL
WHY INTERNATIONAL
COLLABORATION?
COLLABORATION?
Leveraging national dollars with resources from
Leveraging national dollars with resources from
other developed countries
other developed countries
Exchange of ideas and transfer of technology
Exchange of ideas and transfer of technology
that was developed by other countries
that was developed by other countries
Reduction of trade barriers by developing
Reduction of trade barriers by developing
harmonized standards and certification
harmonized standards and certification
procedures
procedures
Assistance to developing countries to reduce the
Assistance to developing countries to reduce the
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHEMENTS TO
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHEMENTS TO
DATE
DATE
Developed first generation CR models
Developed first generation CR models
Second generation of CR models near completion
Second generation of CR models near completion
Developed computer models of IR and hot-box facil.
Developed computer models of IR and hot-box facil.
New set of improved convection boundary
New set of improved convection boundary
conditions being completed
conditions being completed
Developed concept of ViTTeF
Developed concept of ViTTeF
New generation of thermal testing facility designed
New generation of thermal testing facility designed
Developed effective 3-D fenestration models
Developed effective 3-D fenestration models
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHEMENTS TO
MAJOR ACCOMPLISHEMENTS TO
DATE – Cont.
DATE – Cont.
Completed landmark fenestration standards
Completed landmark fenestration standards
Accomplished harmonization of several
Accomplished harmonization of several
standards
standards
Developed concept of universal harmonization
Developed concept of universal harmonization
Maintain active international collaboration and
Maintain active international collaboration and
exchange of methods and computer tools
exchange of methods and computer tools
FUTURE AREAS OF RESEARCH
FUTURE AREAS OF RESEARCH
Why do we need further research?
Why do we need further research?
Why are we even asked this question? Isn’t it
Why are we even asked this question? Isn’t it
kind of obvious?
kind of obvious?
In the past 20 years of increased spending in
In the past 20 years of increased spending in
fenestration research, we have accomplished
fenestration research, we have accomplished
significant improvement in energy efficiency
significant improvement in energy efficiency
In order to accomplish ambitious goals of smart
In order to accomplish ambitious goals of smart
buildings and zero energy buildings by 2025:
buildings and zero energy buildings by 2025:
–
Need new technologies
Need new technologies
FUTURE AREAS OF RESEARCH –
FUTURE AREAS OF RESEARCH –
Cont.
Cont.
–
Windows are part of building, not isolated – need to
Windows are part of building, not isolated – need to
model integrated performance
model integrated performance
–
Increased complexity will require much better
Increased complexity will require much better
methodologies and tools
methodologies and tools
–
Improvements in computer modeling and computer
Improvements in computer modeling and computer
technology will require major revamp of computer
technology will require major revamp of computer
tools
tools
FUTURE AREAS OF RESEARCH –
FUTURE AREAS OF RESEARCH –
Cont.
Cont.
Umass proposed contribution:
Umass proposed contribution:
–
Convective model of complex fenestration systems,
Convective model of complex fenestration systems,
both inside the glazing cavity and on indoor/outdoor
both inside the glazing cavity and on indoor/outdoor
surfaces
surfaces
–
Modeling evacuated glazing and fenestration products
Modeling evacuated glazing and fenestration products
incorporating such glazing
incorporating such glazing
–
Development of transient (dynamic) models for dynamic
Development of transient (dynamic) models for dynamic
systems (i.e., electrochromics, phase change, etc.)
systems (i.e., electrochromics, phase change, etc.)
–
Extension of SHG to 2-D and 3-D
Extension of SHG to 2-D and 3-D
–
Integrated window-wall performance
Integrated window-wall performance
