STUDI VARIASI MORFOLOGI, ANATOMI DAN KANDUNGAN GIZI TANAMAN PADI (Oryza sativa L.) KULTIVAR MENTIK WANGI BERDASARKAN KETINGGIAN TEMPAT TUMBUH DI KABUPATEN
NGAWI JAWA TIMUR
ANNIS TSAUROTUS SYAHIDAH
Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dam Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya variasi morfologi, anatomi dan kandungan gizi tanaman padi kultivar mentik wangi yang ditanam di ketinggian tempat yang berbeda di Kabupaten Ngawi Jawa Timur, serta mengetahui di ketinggian tempat berapa tanaman padi kultivar mentik wangi menghasilkan kandungan gizi (karbohidrat, lipid dan protein) paling tinggi.
Sampel tanaman diambil dari tiga ketinggian berbeda(200, 500 dan 900 m dpl). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) satu faktor, yakni ketinggian tempat tumbuh. Data yang diambil meliputi data lingkungan morfologi, anatomi dan kandungan gizi. Analisis anatomi menggunakan metode paraffin, sedangkan iodokolorimetri digunakan untuk analisis kadar karbohidrat (amilosa). Kadar lipid dan protein menggunakan ekstraksi soxhletasi dan kjeldahl. Untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan dilakukan uji organoleptik. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) satu arah kemudian dilanjutkan dengan DMRT 5%.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi penurunan panjang dan diameter akar, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang serta berat per 100 biji seiring dengan kenaikan ketinggian tempat. Akan tetapi untuk jumlah akar, panjang dan lebar daun mengalami peningkatan,begitu pula dengan tebal epidermis daun serta jumlah rongga aerenkim akar dan batang. Terjadi kecenderungan penurunan kandungan amilosa dan protein seiring kenaikan ketinggian tempat. Kesukaan masyarakat terhadap nasi mentik wangi menurun seiring dengan kenaikan ketinggian tempat.
VARIATIONS STUDY OF MORPHOLOGY, ANATOMY AND THE NUTRITIONS CONTENTS OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) MENTIK WANGI
CULTIVAR BASED ON ALTITUDES IN NGAWI, EAST JAVA
ANNIS TSAUROTUS SYAHIDAH
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta
ABSTRACT
The purposes of this research were to examine the variation in morphology, anatomy and nutritions contents of mentik wangi rice plants which grown at different altitudes in Ngawi District, East Java,and also were to have look in which altitudes produced the highest nutritions content (carbohydrates, lipids and proteins).
The plants sample were collected from different altitudes (200, 500 and 900 m asl). Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with one factor, that was altitude was used in this research. Paraffin method was used to look at the anatomical character, while the carbohydrate content (amylase) was analyzed using iodine calorimetry.Kjeldahl and soxhletmethods were used to look at the content of lipid and protein respectively. Organoleptic test was performed to determine the level of favorability. Environmental condition, morphological and anatomical characters and nutritions contents of rice plant were analyzed using one way ANOVA, continued with DMRT 5%.
The results showed that the length and diameter of roots, plant height, stem diameter and also weight per 100 seeds were declining due to higher altitude. In other handthe number of roots, the length and width of leafwas increase,as well as the thick leaf epidermis and the number of cavities aerenchyma roots and stems. In general, there was a tendency decrease of amylose and protein contents due to higher altitude. The level of favorability of rice mentik wangi decreases along with increasing in altitude.
