S ING 1202456 Table of content

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Teja Komara, 2016

SYNTACTIC AWARENESS OF INDONESIAN PRESCHOOL STUDENTS

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia| repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION ... i

PREFACE ... ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... iii

ABSTRACT ... iv

2.2.Significance of Syntactic Awareness ... 9

2.3.Factors Influencing Syntactic Awareness and Development... 12

2.4.Syntactic Structures in Indonesian ... 13

2.4.1. Indonesian Verbal Structures in Five Years Old ... 14

2.5.Language Development ... 15

2.5.1. Characteristics of Language Development ... 18

2.6.Previous Studies on Syntactic Awareness ... 20

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 23

3.1.Formulation of Problem ... 23

4.1.2. Syntactic Awareness in the Visual Identification Task ... 33

4.2.General Findings in the Audio Task ... 35

4.2.1. Comprehension ... 35

4.2.2. Syntactic Awareness in the Audio Correction Task ... 36

4.3.Factors Influencing Syntactic Awareness ... 37

4.4.Discussion ... 39

4.4.1. General Discussion ... 40

4.4.2. Categories of Verbal Structures ... 42

4.4.3. Implication between Syntactic Awareness and Acquisition .... 43

4.4.4. Individual Performance on Syntactic Awareness ... 46

4.5.Concluding Remarks ... 47

CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 49

5.1.Conclusions ... 49

5.2.Suggestions ... 50

BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 52

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1. The different perspectives on language acquisition ... 16

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1. The example of the visual task instrument in ditransitive ... 25

Figure 3.2. The picture cards for the audio instruction ... 26

Figure 3.3. The picture choices towards the audio instruction... 29

Figure 3.4. Model of syntactic awareness in this study ... 30

Figure 4.1. Percentages of production findings... 32

Figure 4.2. Percentages of reading ability ... 33

Figure 4.3. Percentages of the visual identification task ... 34

Figure 4.4. Percentages of the comprehension task ... 35

Figure 4.5. Percentages of the audio correction task... 36

Figure 4.6. Overall findings ... 37

Figure 4.7. Percentages of the individual findings ... 37

Figure 4.8. Percentages of bilingualism ... 38

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1 Surat Keputusan Pengangkatan Pembimbing

Appendix 2 Instruments in the Visual Task

Appendix 3 Intruments in the Audio Task

Appendix 4 Example of the Questionnaire

Appendix 5 General Findings in the Visual Task

Appendix 6 General Findings in the Audio Task

Appendix 7 Response Time in the Audio Task

Appendix 8 Data of the Children’s Backgrounds