PERBANDINGAN DERAJAT MIOPIA PADA MURID SMA DI KOTA DENGAN MURID SMA DI DESA TAHUN 2014
Abstrak
Latar Belakang : Data WHO pada tahun 2004 menunjukkan angka kejadian 10% dari 66 juta anak usia sekolah menderita kelainan refraksi yaitu miopia. Puncak terjadinya miopia adalah pada usia remaja yaitu pada tingkat SMA. Faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi terjadinya miopia. Kondisi suatu wilayah juga dapat mempengaruhi tingkat terjadinya miopia.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perbandingan derajat miopia pada murid SMA di kota dengan murid SMA di desa.
Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan metode pengumpulan data secara cross –sectional .
Hasil: Dari 220 murid SMA terbagi 2 kelompok yaitu 168 murid SMA di kota dan 52 murid SMA di kota. Jenis kelamin terbanyak dijumpai perempuan 114 murid( 51,8%) dan laki – laki 54 murid ( 24,55% ) di kota. Dan di desa perempuan 39 murid (17,73%), laki – laki 13 murid ( 5,91%). Umur terbanyak penderita miopia pada murid SMA di kota 16 – 17 tahun sebanyak 80 murid ( 36,36%), di desa terbanyak umur 18 – 19 tahun sebanyak 23 murid ( 10,46%).Derajat miopia paling banyak derajat miopia ringan 133 murid ( 60,45%) di kota, dan 32 murid ( 14,55%) di desa. Mulai menderita miopia 90 murid (40,91%) saat SMP di kota. 24 murid (10,91%) saat SMA di desa. Riwayat anggota keluarga yang berkaca mata 49 murid ( 22,27 %) ayah dan ibu pada murid SMA di kota. Kakak dan adik 17 murid (7,14 %) di desa. Waktu 1 – 2 jam 117 murid ( 53,18%) di kota untuk membaca, 35 murid (15,91%) untuk komputer pada murid SMA di desa. 3 – 4 jam 53 murid ( 24,10%) dikota untuk komputer, 19 murid ( 8,64 %) untuk menonton TV pada murid SMA desa. > 4 jam 75 murid ( 34%) di kota untuk HP, 14 murid ( 6,36%) untuk HP pada murid SMA di desa.
Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat perbandingan derajat miopia pada murid SMA di kota dengan murid SMA di kota.Lamanya membaca, menonton, menggunakan komputer dan HP tidak mempengaruhi derajat miopia, hanya semakin rendah derajat miopia semakin lama waktu untuk membaca, menonton, menggunakan komputer dan HP.
Kata Kunci :Derajat Miopia, Murid SMA.
COMPARISON OF DIVISION OF MYOPIA IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN CITY WITH SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
STUDENTS IN VILLAS IN 2014
Abstract
Background: Data from WHO in 2004 showed an incidence rate of 10% of the 66 million school-aged children suffering from a refractive disorder of myopia. The peak of myopia is in adolescence at the high school level. Genetic factors and environmental factors that affect myopia. The condition of a region can also affect the rate of myopia.
Objective: To find out the comparison of degree of myopia in high school students in the city with high school students in the village.
Method: This research is observational with data collection method cross-sectional.
Results: 220 high school students are divided into two groups: 168 high school students in the city and 52 high school students in the village. The most sexes were female 114 students (51.8%) and 54 students (24.55%) in the city. And in the village of women 39 students (17.73%), male 13 students (5.91%). The highest age of myopia patients in high school students in the 16 - 17 year old city was 80 students (36.36%), in the village most of them were 18 - 19 years old as many as 23 students (10.46%). The most degrees of myopia is mild myopia 133 students (60.45%) in the city, and 32 students (14.55%) in the village. Began to suffer the myopia of 90 students (40.91%) during junior high school in the city and 24 students (10.91%) during high school in the village. History of family members with glasses of 49 students (22.27%) are fathers and mothers in high school students in the city. Brother and sister of 17 students (7.14%) in the village. 1 - 2 hours 117 students (53.18%) in town for reading, 35 students (15.91%) for computers in high school students in the village. 3 - 4 hours 53 students (24.10%) in the city for computers, 19 students (8.64%) to watch TV at high school students. > 4 hours 75 students (34%) in the city for HP, 14 students (6.36%) for HP in high school students in the village.
Conclusion: There is no comparison of the degree of myopia in high school students in the city with high school students in the city. The long reading, watching, using computers and HP does not affect the degree of myopia, only the lower degree of myopia, the longer it takes to read, watch, use computers and HP.
Keywords: Degree of Myopia, High School Student
