Pengertian, Struktur, Mengubah Kalimat
bentuk Active Voice menjadi Passive Voice
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Menurut yang dilakukan subyeknya, kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris memiliki dua bentuk, yaitu
kalimat aktif (active voice) dan kalimat pasif (passive voice). A. ACTIVE VOICE DAN PASSIVE VOICE
1. Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif)
Yaitu kalimat dimana subjek kalimat melakukan pekerjaan Contoh :
Aktif
Subject Verb Object
Barli Buys a magazine.
Barli Membeli sebuah majalah.
2. Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif)
Yaitu kalimat dimana subjeknya dikenai suatu pekerjaan. Contoh :
Pasif
Subject Verb Object
Jika kita membandingkan susunan kedua kalimat di atas, objek yang ada dalam kalimat aktif diubah menjadi subjek dari kalimat pasif. Hal itu juga tampak dalam susunan kalimat di bawah ini :
Subject Verb Object Aktif Everybody Drinks Orange juice.
Pasif Orange juice is drunk by everybody.
B. STRUKTUR PASSIVE VOICE
Secara umum, susunan kalimat pasif adalah :
S + To Be + V3
Namun, bentuk waktu "to be" tersebut harus disesuaikan dengan tensesnya, perhatikan tabel berikut :
TENSES AKTIF PASIF
Simple
Present S + V1 He washes it.
S + to be 1 + V3 It is washed.
Past S + V2
He washed it.
S + to be 2 + V3 It was washed. Future S + will + V1
He will wash it.
S + will be + V3 It will be washed. Past Future S + would + V1
He would wash it.
S + would be + V3 It would be washed.
TENSES AKTIF PASIF
Contonuou s
Present S + to be 1 + V-ing He is washing it.
S + To Be 1 + being + V3
It is being washed. Past S + had + V3
He had washed it.
S + had been + V3 It had been washed. Future S + will have + V3
He will have washed it.
S + will + being + V3 It will be being washed. Past
Future
S + would + be + V-ing
He would be washing it.
S + would be being + V3
It would be being washed.
Perfect Simple
Present S +has/have + V3 He has washed it.
S + has/have been + V3 It has been washed. Past S + had + V3
He had washed it.
S + had been + V3 It had been washed. Future S + will have + V3
He will have washed it.
It would have been washed.
TENSES AKTIF PASIF
Perfect Continuous
Present S + has been + V-ing He has been washing it. He had been washig it.
It will have been being washed.
Past Future
S + would have been + V-ing
He would have been washing it.
S + would have been being + V3
It would have been being washed.
C. MENGUBAH KALIMAT AKTIF MENJADI KALIMAT PASIF
Jika kita ingin mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi kalimat pasif, kita dapat melakukannya dengan mengubah objek kalimat aktifnya menjadi subjek kalimat pasif.
AKTIF = S + V + O / / /
PASIF = S + To Be + V3
Contoh 1 :
Aktif :
- Julie writes a letter to her friend.
(Julie menulis sebuah surat untuk temannya.) Pasif :
- A letter to her friend is written by Julie.
(Sebuah surat untuk temannya ditulis oleh Julie.)
Contoh 2 :
Aktif :
- The postman will send the letters today. (Pak Pos akan mengirim surat-surat hari ini.) Pasif :
- The letters will be sent by the postman today. (Surat-surat akan dikirim oleh Pak Pos hari ini.) Untu mencari kata kerja bentuk V3, silahkan buka : Regular Verbs
Irregular Verbs
