Impact of Manure Application on Soil Hea

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Impact of Manure Application on Soil Health and Crop Yield under Corn-soybean

Rotation in South Dakota

Conference Paper · November 2015 CITATIONS

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South Dakota State University

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South Dakota State University

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49-11: Impact of Manure Application on Soil Health

and Crop Yield under Corn-soybean Rotation

in South Dakota

Ekrem OZLU

a

, Sandeep Kumar

a

, S. Berg

a

Department of Plant Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings,

South Dakota.

Oral Presentation at ASA/CSSA/SSSA International Annual Meeting at Minneapolis, MN from November 15-18, 2015

SSSA Section: Soil Fertility & Plant Nutrition

Introduction

Study Objective

Study Locations

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusion

Acknowledgment

Improving Soil nutrients are essential for the sustainable

agriculture and to get higher yields.

Addition of manure to the soils can improve the soil

nutrients, soil health and crop yield.

Manure has been shown to be an excellent source of

plant nutrients.

v

 

To assess the influence of manure on soil properties including N,P

and K contents and crop yields under long term (10 years)

corn-soybean rotation in South Dakota.

Study Location

Location 2: Southeast Research Farm

of the South Dakota State University,

located at Beresford

(43° 02’ 33.46” N, 96° 53’ 55.78” W),

South Dakota.

Site has 24 plots distributed randomly in a

complete block design.

Plots dimensions are 4.6m(W)*20m (L)

Location 1: Felt Farm Research

Center of the South Dakota State

University, located at Brookings

(44° 22’ 07.15” N, 96° 47’ 26.45” W),

South Dakota.

Site has 24 plots distributed randomly

in a complete block design.

Plots dimensions are 6m (W)*18m (L)

Treatments

*Control

*Recommended fertilizer

*Double rate of fertilizer

*Recommended manure

*Double rate of manure

Lab and field Analysis:

Crop yield

N,P and K content

Zinc, Sulfur content

PH

Salt

Texture

Organic Matter Content

Materials and Methods

Sampling and Data Collection

Study covers 12 years period from 2003

to present.

Soil samples were collected in fall after

harvesting (2003-2013).

Three samples from each plot were mixed

together to make a composite sample.

Materials and Methods

Manure nutrients

 Analysis  units _{Beef Dairy Manure}

Total N lb/ton 25.4 15.9

Organic-N lb/ton 23.1 14.7

Ammonium-N lb/ton 2.26 1.2

Total Available-N lb/ton 13.6 7.4

P₂O₅ lb/ton 20.4 7.8

K2O lb/ton 31.9 10.5

Materials and Methods

Treatments, nutrients applied and influence on grain yields, Brookings, 2013.

Treatment Manure

applied

Fertilizer (Rec) 0 0 0 55.4ab

Manure – P 4.6 34-36-48 0 58.4a

Manure – N 13.6 101-106-143 0 54.8ab

Manure – 2N 27.2 202-212-286 0 50.7 b

Fertilizer (High) 0 0 0-50-60-25S 56.1ab

LSD _(0.05)       5.5

Pr>F 0.058

Results (Soil Nutrients)

Brookings, 2003.  

Treatment NO₃-N Sulfur K Zinc salts Texture

lbs/a (0-2ft) --- ppm --- mmho/cm

Check 7.2 3 156 1.3 0.4 Medium

Fert. 5 4 138 0.9 0.4 Medium

P 7.8 4 156 1.1 0.4 Medium

N 11.8 7 199 1.4 0.4 Medium

2N 12 9 223 1.2 0.4 Medium

High Fert. Medium

Brookings, 2013.

Treatment NO3-N Sulfur K Zinc salts Texture

lbs/a (0-2ft) --- ppm --- mmho/cm

Check 5.2 7 123 0.8 0.3 Medium

Fert. 6 6.5 122 2.0 0.3 Medium

P 8 8.5 156 1.8 0.35 Medium

N 12 12.5 245 3.5 0.35 Medium

2N 17.1 18 424 4.6 0.6 Medium

Results (OM)

Brookings

Results (pH)

Brookings

Results (P-Olsen)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Brookings (ppm)

Results (Yield)

Brookings(bu/a)

Soybean 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013

Check 31.48 59.4 57.3 44.1 38.7 50.8

Fert. 30.3425 58.7 56.2 47.1 40.5 55.4

P 33.03 60 57.1 52.4 44.3 58.4

N 31.6 61 59.4 56 45.4 54.8

2N 31.6975 61 60.3 55.9 45.9 50.7

High Fert. -- -- -- 50.8 42.7 56.1

Pr>F 0.3 0.34 0.09 0.01 0.0003  

L.S.D.     3.6 3.3 2.8  

precip(mm/yr) 435,604 772.918 541.286 490.186 422.138 476.524

Brookings(bu/a)

Corn 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Check 147 109 154 98 140

Fert. 151.1 120.5 185 135 174

P 151.6 117.3 171 147 166

N 165.7 124.6 181 155 170

2N 172.2 132 185 178 174

High Fert. -- -- 181 191 173.6

Pr>F 0.04 0.14 0.006 0.01  0.0067

L.S.D. 18.2 --  13.1 20 13.8 

v

 

Nutrients from either manure or fertilizer increased long term yields over the

check at Beresford and Brookings.

v

 

In general, higher manure rates produced higher yields. As expected, when

phosphorus is added in excess of removal (grain P) soil test levels increase for

both manure and fertilizer nutrient sources.

v

 

Higher manure rates decrease pH and increase organic matter levels.

Acknowledgement

v

 

Financial Support from Department of General Directorate of

Agricultural Research and Policies of TURKEY.

(

http://www.tarim.gov.tr/TAGEM/Sayfalar/EN/AnaSayfa.aspx

)

and Ministry of National Education of TURKEY.

v

 

These studies were funded in part by the South Dakota Corn

Thanks

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