Karakteristik Penderita Stroke Hemoragik Pada Usia ≤ 40 Tahun yang Dirawat Inap di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Tahun 2014-2015

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ABSTRAK

Stroke merupakan gangguan peredaran darah di otak akibat tersumbat atau

pecahnya pembuluh darah. Stroke dibagi menjadi 2 berdasarkan patologisnya

yaitu stroke iskemik dan stroke hemoragik. Dari seluruh jumlah kasus stroke, 80%

menderita stroke iskemik dan 20% menderita stroke hemoragik. Stroke

merupakan penyebab kematian utama di Indonesia.

Untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita stroke hemoragik yang dirawat

inap, dilakukan penelitian di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan dengan desain

case

series. Populasi dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 101 orang pada tahun 2014-2015

yang tercatat di rekam medis rumah sakit. Data univariat dianalisis secara

deskriptif sedangkan data bivariat dianalisis dengan

chi-square, fisher exact

dan

mann whitney.

Proporsi berdasarkan sosiodemografi tertinggi laki-laki pada umur 26-35

tahun 19,8% dan tertinggi perempuan pada umur 36-40 tahun 9,9%, tamat SLTA

48,5%, Islam 70,3%, wiraswasta 33,7%, luar kota Medan 80,2%, belum kawin

50,5%. Proporsi berdasarkan status rawatan tertinggi kedasaran menurun dan

kejang 72,3%, hemiparesis dextra 43%, hipertensi 37,6%, Perdarahan

Intraserebral (PIS) 67,3%, hemifer serebri 25,7%, tindakan konservatif 78%, lama

rawatan rata-rata 8,06 hari, bukan biaya sendiri 77,2%, pulang berobat jalan dan

meninggal 39,6%. Tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara umur dengan hasil

CT-Scan (p=0.441), penatalaksanaan medis berdasarkan hasil CT-Scan (p=0,336),

hasil CT-Scan berdasarkan keadaan sewaktu pulang (p=0,997) dan tindakan medis

berdasarkan keadaan sewaktu pulang (p=0,060).

Penderita yang memiliki riwayat hipertensi untuk melakukan kontrol rutin

serta menerapkan pola hidup sehat. Tindakan medis dan perawatan dilakukan

secara intensif bagi penderita untuk menekan angka kematian. Bagi pihak rekam

medik RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan untuk melengkapi pencatatan data

penderita seperti suku, lokasi perdarahan.

Kata Kunci: Karakteristik penderita, Stroke Hemoragik

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ABSTRACT

Stroke is a disorder of blood circulation in the brain due to blocked or

rupture of blood vessels. Stroke is divided into two parts based on the

pathological namely, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The entire number of

stroke cases, 80% had ischemic stroke and 20% of stroke hemorrhagic. Stroke is

the main cause of death in Indonesia.

The aims of this study is to determine the characteristic of hemorrhagic

stroke patients in ≤ 40 years old which were hospitalized at RSUP Haji Adam

Malik Medan in 2014-2015. This study is descriptive with case series design.

Population and the sample was 101 people in 2014-2015 which recorded in

hospital medical records. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively while

bivariate data were analyzed by using Chi-Square, Fisher Exact and Mann

Whitney.

The highest proportion based of sociodemographic in the age group

26-35 years based on sex of male and in the age group 36-40 year based on sex of

female, senior high school education 48,5%, muslim 70,3%, self employed 33,7%,

lives outside of Medan city 80,2%, not married 50,5%. Proportion based on the

highest treatment status, decreased consciousness 72,3%, hemiparesis dextra

43%, hipertension 37,6%, intracerebral hemorrhage 83,8%, 25,7% cerebral

hemifer, 78% of conservative measur es, long maintainability average 8,06 days,

insurance 77,2%, 39,6% of died. There is no difference of the age based on

CT-Scan (p= 0.441), medical measure based on CT-CT-Scan (p= 0,336),

CT-Scan based

on stay during the home state (p= 0,997), and medical measure based on stay

during the home state (p= 0,060).

Patients who have a history of hypertension to showed the routine control

and healthy lifestyle. Medical treatment and maintainability for patients was done

intensively to reduce mortality rate. Department of medical records of RSUP Haji

Adam Malik Medan to complete patient data s of stroke patients such as ethnic,

location of bleeding and CT-Scan results.

Keywords: Characteristics of Patient, Stroke Hemorrhagic