SATUAN ACARA PENYULUHAN SATUAN ACARA PENYULUHAN
CA NASOFARING CA NASOFARING DI RUANG POLI THT DI RUANG POLI THT
RUMAH SAKIT ABDUL WAHAB SYAHRANIE RUMAH SAKIT ABDUL WAHAB SYAHRANIE
OLEH : OLEH : Laila Latifah Laila Latifah Nim : P0!!0!" Nim : P0!!0!"#0!!#0!!
POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN KALIMANTAN TIMUR POLITEKNIK KESEHATAN KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN KALIMANTAN TIMUR
PRODI SAR$ANA TERAPAN KEPERAWATAN PRODI SAR$ANA TERAPAN KEPERAWATAN
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SATUAN ACARA PENYULUHAN (SAP) SATUAN ACARA PENYULUHAN (SAP)
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1.. AAnnaalliissa a SSiittuuaassiioonnaall P*+,
P*+,1l1h1l1h : Mah: Maha-i-a-i-7a Sa.7a Sa.8a+a 8a+a TT*.a(a*.a(a+ K*(*+ K*(*.a7a.a7ata+ Tta+ Ti+/)i+/)at 9at 9 P*
P*-*-*.t.taa : P: Pa-a-i*i*+ 6+ 6a+ a+ )*)*l1l1a.a./a /a (a(a-i-i*+ *+ ,a,a+/ +/ t*t*.).)*+*+a Ka KNFNF 2
2.. AnAnaallisisa a TTuujjuuaan n ddaan n KKaarraakkttrrisisttiik k A.
A. TTujuan ujuan !nstruksi!nstruksional onal U"u" U"u" (T!U)(T!U) S*
S*t*t*lalah h m*m*+6+6a(a(atat)a)a+ + (*(*+,+,1l1l1h1ha+a+ )*)*l1l1a.a./a /a (a(a-i-i*+ *+ mamam(m(11 m*+6*-).i(-i
m*+6*-).i(-i)a+ 6a+ )a+ 6a+ m*+/*+ali ta+6a 6a+ /*8ala (*+,a)it m*+/*+ali ta+6a 6a+ /*8ala (*+,a)it Ca Na-'fa.i+/4Ca Na-'fa.i+/4 #.
#. TTujuan ujuan !nstruksi!nstruksional onal K$usus K$usus (T!K)(T!K)
S*t*lah m*+6a(at)a+ (*+,1l1ha+ )*l1a./a (a-i*+ mam(1 : S*t*lah m*+6a(at)a+ (*+,1l1ha+ )*l1a./a (a-i*+ mam(1 :
" M*+,*21t)a+ (*+/*.tia+ (*+,a)it Ca Na-'fa.i+/ ! M*+,*21t)a+ (*+,*2a2 (*+,a)it Ca Na-'fa.i+/
9 M*+,*21t)a+ ta+6a 6a+ /*8ala (*+,a)it Ca Na-'fa.i+/ ; P*+atala)-a+aa+ (*+,a)it Ca Na-'fa.i+/
%. Lin&ku' atri P"lajaran
" P*+/*.tia+ (*+,a)it Ca Na-'fa.i+/ ! P*+,*2a2 (*+,a)it Ca Na-'fa.i+/ 9 Ta+6a 6a+ /*8ala (*+,a)it Ca Na-'.i+/ ; P*+atala)-a+aa+ (*+,a)it Ca Na-'fa.i+/ *. Analisis Su"r #lajar
Mat*.i t*.lam(i. +. Strat&i
1. atri P"lajaran , C*.amah 6a+ 6i-)1-i
2. dia , Leaflet
-. Sttin& T"'at
. K&iatan Pn/ulu$an
No 0aktu K&iatan Pn/ulu$an K&iatan Psrta Plaksana 1. ! m*+it Pnda$uluan "4 M*+/1<a()a+ -alam (*m21)a 6a+ m*+a+,a)a+ )a2a. (*-*.ta !4 M*m(*.)*+al)a+ 6i.i "4 M*+8a7a2 -alam 6a+ m*+,ata)a+ )*a6aa++,a !4 M*+6*+/a.)a+ P*+,a8i L*afl*t P*+,a8i P*-*.ta
2*-*.ta tim
94 M*+8*la-)a+ )'+t.a) 7a)t1 6a+ t181a+ (*+,1l1ha+ ;4 M*+8*la-)a+
m*)a+i-m* 6i-)1-i #4 M*+8*la-)a+ t'(i) ,a+/ a)a+ 6i2*.i)a+
94 M*m(*.hati)a+
;4 M*m(*.hati)a+
#4 M*m(*.hati)a+
2. "0 m*+it Plaksanaan "4 M*+//ali
(*+/*tah1a+ a7al 6a+ (*+/alama+ (*-*.ta !4 M*+8*la-)a+ mat*.i : P*+/*.tia+ (*+,*2a2 ta+6a /*8ala 6a+
(*+atala)-a+aa+ Ca Na-'fa.i+/ 94 M*m(*.-ilah)a+ (*-*.ta 1+t1) m*+/a81)a+ (*.ta+,aa+ 6a+ fa-ilitat'. m*m'ti=a-i (*-*.ta 1+t1) 2*.ta+,a ;4 Fa-ilitat'. m*+8a7a2 (*.ta+,aa+ "4 M*+8a7a2 !4 M*m(*.hati)a+ 94 B*.ta+,a ;4 M*m(*.hati)a+ P*+,a8i
%. 9 m*+it Ealuasi dan Pnutu' "4 M*+*/a-)a+
)*-im(1la+ 6a.i t'(i) ,a+/ -16ah 6i2aha--*2*l1m+,a
!4 M*+/1<a()a+ t*.ima )a-ih ata- 7a)t1 6a+ (*.hatia+ (*-*.ta "4 M*+8a7a2 !4 M*+/1<a()a+ )*m2ali t*.ima)a-ih )*(a6a maha-i-7a ,a+/ t*lah m*m2*.i (*+,1l1ha+ P*+,a8i
94 M*+/1<a()a+ -alam (*+1t1( ;4 M*m2a/i)a+ leaflet 94 M*+8a7a2 -alam ;4 M*+*.ima . Ealuasi 1. Ealuasi Struktur
a4 P*+,*l*+//a.aa+ (*+,1l1ha+ 6ila)1)a+ 'l*h maha-i-7a 2*)*.8a -ama 6*+/a+ (*.a7at4
24 K'+t.a) 7a)t1 (*+,1l1ha+ 6ila)1)a+ " ha.i -*2*l1m (*la)-a+aa+ (*+,1l1ha+ )*-*hata+ 6a+ 6iti+6a) la+81ti "#
m*+it -*2*l1m a<a.a 6im1lai
<4 M*6ia ,a+/ 6i/1+a)a+ -16ah -ia( -*2*l1m a<a.a (*+,1l1ha+ 6im1lai
2. Ealuasi Pross
a4 P*-*.ta a+t1-ia- t*.ha6a( mat*.i ,a+/ 6i-am(ai)a+ (*+,a8i
24 P*-*.ta ti6a) m*+i+//al)a+ a<a.a -*lama (*+,1l1ha+ 2*.la+/-1+/ ata1 m*+i+//al)a+ a<a.a 6*+/a+ i8i+ )*(a6a (a+itia
<4 P*-*.ta t*.li2at a)tif 6alam )*/iata+ (*+,1l1ha+ 64 P*+,1l1ha+ 2*.8ala+ -*-1ai .*+<a+a
%. Ealuasi Hasil
a4 P*-*.ta m*mahami mat*.i ,a+/ t*lah 6i-am(ai)a+
24 A6a 1m(a+ 2ali) ('-itif 6a.i (*-*.ta -*(*.ti 6a(at m*+8a7a2 (*.ta+,aa+ ,a+/ 6ia81)a+ (*+,a8i
ATER! PENYULUHAN
ANAT3! NAS34AR!N5
Na-'fa.i+/ 2*.h121+/a+ *.at 6*+/a+ -i+1- -(h*+'i6 f'--a +a-ali- f'.am*+ (a6a 6a-a. t*+/)'.a)4 T12a *1-ta<hi1- m*m21)a )*6alam 6i+6i+/ lat*.al +a-'fa.i+/4 Di a+ta.a t1la+/ .a7a+ m1lai 6a.i 2a/ia+ (*.t*+/aha+ t12a *1-ta<hi1- -am(ai a)hi. 6i+6i+/ 2*la)a+/ a6alah f'--a R'--*+>M1ll*.4 Hi-t'l'/, *(it*l +a-'fa.i+/ (a6a '.a+/ 6*7a-a m*mili)i (*.a+a+ ,a+/ -a+/at (*+ti+/ 6alam (*+*litia+4 T*'.i m*+1+181))a+ 2ah7a )a.-i+'ma i+i 6a(at 2*.)*m2a+/ 6alam *(it*l ,a+/ m*+/alami m*ta(la-ia -)1am'-a4 Ti6a) 6i)*tah1i m*+/a(a m*ta(la-ia i+i l*2ih 2a+,a) (a6a ma-,a.a)at )a+t'+ 6a.i (a6a '.a+/ )1lit (1tih4 ?"!9;"0
?L*ta) a+at'mi-+a-'fa.i+/?
Na-'fa.i+/ 6i-*21t 81/a 6*+/a+ *(ifa.i+/4t*.l*ta) a+ta.a 2a-i- -(h*+'i6 -*2a/ai 2ata- ata- (i+//i. 2a7ah (allat1m m'll* -*2a/ai 2ata- 2a7ah)'a+a 6a+ (allat1m m'll* -*2a/ai 2ata- 6*(a+ 6a+ =*..t*2.* <*.=i<al">! -*.ta 2a-i- -(h*+'i6
-*2a/ai 2ata- 2*la)a+/4
Pa6a 6a*.ah 6i+6i+/ 2ata- 2*la)a+/ ata( t*.l*ta) 8a.i+/a+ l'mf'i6 ,ait1 6i-*21t 6*+/+ t'+-il fa.i+/ ata1 a6*+'i64(a6a 6i+6i+/ a+t*.i'. 2a/ia+ ata-t*.6a(at ! 21ah l12a+/ -*2a/ai m1a.a <a=1m +a-i )* +a-'fa.i+/4,a+/ 6i-*21t )'a+a ata1 +a.*- ('-t*.i'.46i2a7h )'a+a t*.6a(at (allat1m m'll*4
Pa6a 6i+6i+/ lat*.al )i.i 6a+ )a+a+ 6it*+t1)a+ <*)1+/a+ ,ait1 m1a.a t12a *1-at<hi1- )* +a-'fa.i+/ 6a+ 6i 2*la)a+/ t'.1- t'2a.i1- 6it*m1)a+ (a6a -1at1 l*)1)a+ ata1 <*lah ,a+/ 6i-*21t f'---a .'-*+1m1ll*.4?"!9
EP!6E!3L35!
Ka.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ m*+8a6i (*+,*2a2 )*matia+ 1tama (a6a -*2a/ia+ 2*-a. ('(1la-i 6i A-ia T*+//a.a 6i <i+a -*lata+ )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ m*.1(a)a+ t1m'. t*.2a+,a) (a6a la)i>la)i 6*+/a+ i+-i6*+ .ata>.ata -*)ita. ;0%"004000 i+-i6*+ t*.2a+,a) 6it*m1)a+ 6i 6a*.ah <i+a )h1-1- +,a 6i (.'(i+-i K7a+/t1+/ .*(12li< .a),at <i+a4?;@3
Pa6a .a- m'+/'l'i6 )a+)*. +a-'fa.i+/ i+-i6*++,a <1)1( ti+//i -*hi+//a ti6a)lah m*+/h*.a+)a+ (a6a (*+6161) <i+a 2a/ia+ -*lata+ )*m16ia+ h'+/)'+/ i*t+am Thaila+6 Mala,-ia -i+/a(1.a 6a+ I+6'+*-ia 2a+,a) 6it*m1)a+ )a-1-i+i4?";
S*lai+ it1 <1)1( 2a+,a) )a-1- )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ 6i ,1+a+i af.i)a 2a/ia+ 1ta.a -*(*.ti al8aai. T1+i-ia (a6a '.a+/ *)-im' Ala-)a 6a+ G.**+la+6 (*+,*2a2+,a 6i61/a a6alah )a.*+a m*ma)a+ ma)a+a+ ,a+/ 6i a7*t)a+ (a6a
m1-im 6i+/i+ 6*+/a+ m*+//1+a)a+ 2aha+ (*+/a7*t +it.'-ami+*4?"
?/am2a. +a-'(ha.,+/ <a.<i+'ma (a6a l*h*. -*2*lah )a+a+
Eti'l'/i )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ i+i ma-ih 2*l1m 6i)*tah1i -*<a.a (a-ti4 S*<a.a 1m1m )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ t*.8a6i -*2a/ai a)i2at (*+/a.1h /*+*ti< 6a+ li+/)1+/a+ -*(*.ti at )a.-i+'/*+ 6a+ i+f*)-i =i.1- E(-t*i+>Ba.. ?EB4?9;&"0
Hal i+i 6i61)1+/ 'l*h a6a+,a fa<t'. /*+*ti< ,a+/ 2*.h121+/a+ 6*+/a+ )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ ,ait1 HLA>A! 6a+ HLA>B-i+! ? (ali+/ 2a+,a) 6it*m1)a+ (a6a '.a+/ 6a*.ah <i+a -*lata+ t*ta(i 8a.a+/ 6i6a(at)a+ (a6a .a-)a1)a-'i6 4-*lai+ it1 t*lah 2*.ha-il 6ii6*+tifi)a-i a2+'.malita- (a6a 2*.2a/ai ).'m'-'m t*.ma-1) 6i6alam+,a ).'m'-'m "!9;#@&3"""9";"#"@"!! 6a+ 4?;
Fa)t'. li+/)1+/a+ 6a+ )1lt1. ,a+/ 2*.h121+/a+ 6*+/a+ )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ t*.ma-1) 6i6alam+,a a6alah )*2ia-aa+ 6a.i '.a+/ )a+t'+ ,a+/ m*ma)a+ i)a+ ,a+/ 6ia-i+)a+ 6a+ m*+/a7*t)a+ ma)a+a+ 6*+/a+ 2aha+ (*+/a7*t +it.'-ami+* ?hal i+i t*lah 6i)'+-1m-i -*8a) ma-a )a+a)>)a+a) 4 B1)ti 6it*m1)a++,a DNA>EB (a6a ham(i. -*tia( )a-1- )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ m*+8a6i)a+ (*/a+/a+ 2a/i (a.a ahli 1+t1) m*m21at )*-im(1la+ 2ah7a )*/a+a-a+ ,a+/ t*.8a6i a6alah a)i2at *)-(a+-i (*m2*laha+ (a6a -*l ,a+/ 6ia)i2at)a+ EB4 Hal i+i m*m2*.i)a+ i+6i)a-i 2ah7a EB m1+<1l 6alam -*l (a6a -aat t*.8a6i+,a t.a+-f'.ma-i -*l m*+8a6i /a+a- 6a+ m*+1+81))a+ (*.a+a+ =i.1- t*.-*21t t*.ha6a( (*.)*m2a+/a+ a7al t*.8a6i+,a (.'-*- )*/a+a-a+ (a6a +a-'fa.i+/4?9;
5E7ALA 6AN TAN6A8TAN6A
G*8ala ,a+/ tim21l 'l*h t1m'. +a-'fa.i+/ 2*.a+*)a .a/am ti6a) a6a /*8ala (a-ti ,a+/ )h1-1- 1+t1) t1m'. +a-'fa.i+/ )a.*+a t1m'. (.im*. it1 -*+6i.i 6alam +a-'fa.i+/ )a6a+/ ti6a) m*+im21l)a+ /*8ala4 T1m'. +a-'fa.i+/ 6a(at m*+im21l)a+ /*8ala>/*8ala hi+//a (*+6*.ita 6ata+/ 2*.'2at )*2*.2a/ai ahli4?;
T1m'. i+i m*+im21l)a+ /*8ala 2ila -16ah a6a (*+,*2a.a+4
1. 5jala naso9arin& (tu"or 'ri"r )
Hi61+/ t1m(at
E(i-ta)-i- .i+/a+
U+t1) it1 +a-'fa.i+/ ha.1- 6i(*.i)-a 6*+/a+ <*.mat )ala1 (*.l1 6*+/a+ +a-'fa.i+/'-)'(4 Ka.*+a -*.i+/ /*8ala 2*l1m a6a -*6a+/)a+ t1m'. -16ah 2*.t1m21h ata1 t1m'. ti6a) +am(a) )a.*+a ma-ih t*.6a(at 6i2a7ah
m1)'-a ? <.**(i+/ t1m'. 4?"!9;
2. 5an&&uan 'ada tlin&a:'ndn&aran.
M*.1(a)a+ /*8ala 6i+i ,a+/ tim21l )a.*+a t*m(at a-al t1m'. 6*)at m1a.a t12a *1-ta<hi1- ? f'--a R'--*+>M1ll*. hi+//a t12a t*.t1t1(4 Ga+//1a+ 6a(at 2*.1(a :
Ti+it1- T1li ?6*af+*-- a)i2at tim21l+,a 'titi- m*6ia -*.'-a
Ra-a ti6a) +,ama+ 6i t*li+/a -am(ai .a-a +,*.i ? 'tal/ia
Ti6a) 8a.a+/ (*+6*.ita 6*+/a+ /a+//1a+ (*+6*+/a.a+ i+i 2a.1 )*m16ia+
6i-a6a.i 2ah7a (*+,*2a2+,a a6alah )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/4?"!;
%. 5jala "ata dan s/ara9
I+filt.a-i 6a-a. t*+/)'.a)
M*.1(a)a+ /*8ala )a.-i+'ma4 P*+8*la-a+ m*lal1i f*+'m*+a la-*.1m a)a+ m*+/*+ai -,a.af 'ta) N4III N4I 6a(at (1la )* N4 6a(at m*+im21l)a+ /*8ala : Di(l'(ia $1li+/ N*1.al/ia t*.mi+al4?"!;
P*+6*.ita 6ata+/ 6*+/a+ )*l1ha+ 81li+/ 2ila m*li.i) )*)a+a+ 2*+/)a) l*h*. -*2*lah )a+a+ -*8a) 61a 21la+ ti6a) +,*.i4 Ti6a) a6a )*l1ha+ lai+4 Pa6a (*m*.i)-aa+ t*.6a(at ma---a )*l*+8a. limf*>9 6a+ (a.al,-i- N4I )a+a+4 Bi'(-, +a-'fa.i+/ m*ma-ti)a+ 6ia/+'-i- )a.-i+'ma 6*+/a+ (*+,*2a.a+ )*l*+8a. limf* ?N9 6a+ (*+,1-1(a+ )* 6a-a. t*+/)'.a)
a4 Pa6a (a+6a+/a+ l1.1- )*6*(a+ tam(a) +'.mal
24 P*+6*.ita m*li.i) )*)a+a+ mata )a+a+ ti6a) 2*./*.a) )* )a+a+
<4 P*+6*.ita m*li.i) )*)i.i ti6a) a6a /a+//1a+ /*.a)a+ 2'la mata4?!
I+filt.a-i (a.a fa.i+/
Yait1 t*+/)'.a) lat*.al 6a+ 2*la)a+/ t1m'. ma-1) m*+8ala. -*(a+8a+/ 6a-a. t*+/)'.a) 6a(at m*.1-a) -,a.af>-,a.af ,a+/ m*lal1i f'.am*+ 81/1la.i- ,ait1 N4I I 6a+ II -*hi+//a m*+im21l)a+
(a.ali-* m't'.i) ata1 -*+-'.i) (a6a fa.i+/ 6a+ la.i+/4?!
P*m2*+/)a))a+ l*h*.
Ti/a 6a.i *m(at (*+6*.ita t1m'. +a-'fa.i+/ m*+/alami
(*m2*+/)a))a+ (a6a l*h*. i+i m*.1(a)a+ /*8ala 1tama ham(i. #0 (*+6*.ita4 Ol*h t1m'. 6alam +a-'fa.i+/ ti6a) m*+im21l)a+ /*8ala -at1>-at1+,a )*l1ha+ (*+6*.ita ialah (*m2*+/)a))a+ (a6a l*h*.4 M*+/ha6a(i (*+6*.ita 6*mi)ia+ ma)a +a-'fa.i+/ (*+6*.ita ha.1- 6i (*.i)-a4 S*2*l1m 6ila)1)a+ 2i'(-, )*l*+8a. l*h*. ,a+/ m*m2*-a. (a6a 6a*.ah +a-'fa.i+/ ,a+/ m*+<1.i/a)a+ ha.1- 6ila)1)a+ 2i'(-,
l*2ih 6ah1l14?!
H!ST3PAT3L35!
T*lah 6i-*t181i 'l*h WHO 2ah7a ha+,a 9 )a.-i+'ma ?*(i6*.m'i6 (a6a +a-'f*.i+/ ,ait1:
"4 Ka.-i+'ma -*l -)1am'-a 2*.)*.ati+i-a-i !4 Ka.-i+'ma ti6a) 2*.)*.ati+i-a-i
94 Ka.-i+'ma ti6a) 2*.6*.if*.*+i-a-i
S*m1a ,a+/ )ita )*+al -*lama i+i 6*+/a+ limf *(it*l'ma -*l t.a+-i-i'+il -*l -(i+6l* -*l <l*a. a+a(la-ti) 6a+ lai+>lai+ 6ima-1))a+ 6alam
)*l'm(') ti6a) 2*.6if*.*+i-a-i4?";
STA6!U(2;%;*)
U+t1) (*+*+t1a+ -ta6i1m 6i(a)ai -i-t*m TNM m*+1.1t UICC ?"33!:
T T1m'. P.im*.
T" T1m'. t*.2ata- (a6a -at1 l')ali-a-i ?lat*.al%('-t*.'-1(*.i'.%ata( 6a+ lai+>lai+
T! T1m'. t*.6a(at (a6a 61a l')ali-a-i ata1 l*2ih t*ta(i ma-ih
t*.2ata- 6i6alam .'+//a +a-'fa.i+/4
T9 T1m'. t*lah )*l1a. 6a.i .'+//a +a-'fa.i+/ ?)*.'+//a hi61+/
ata1 '.'fa.i+/ 6a+ -*2a/ai+,a
T; T1m'. t*lah )*l1a. 6a.i +a-'fa.i+/ 6a+ t*lah m*.1-a) t1la+/
t*+/)'.a) ata1 m*+/*+ai -,a.af>-,a.af 'ta)4
T T1m'. ti6a) 2*-a.+,a )a.*+a (*m*.i)-aa+ ti6a)
8*la- N P*m2*-a.a+ )*l*+8a. /*tah 2*+i+/4
NO Ti6a) a6a (*m2*-a.a+
N" T*.6a(at (*m2*-a.a+ t*ta(i h'm'lat*.al 6a+ ma-ih 6a(at
6i/*.a))a+4
N! T*.6a(at (*m2*-a.a+ )'+t.a%2ilat*.al 6a+ ma-ih 6a(at
6i/*.a))a+4
N9 T*.6a(at (*m2*-a.a+ 2ai) h'm'lat*.al )'+t.a lat*.al ma1(1+
2ilat*.al ,a+/ -16ah m*l*)at (a6a 8a.i+/a+ -*)ita.+,a4
M M*ta-ta-i- 8a1h
M" Ti6a) a6a m*ta-ta-i- 8a1h
M! T*.6a(at m*ta-ta-i- 8a1h
Sta6i1m T Na-'fa.i+/ M I T" N0 M0 II T! N0 M0 III T"%T!%T9 N" M0 T9 N0 M0 I T; N0%N" M0 T"%T!%T9%T; N!%N9 M0 T"%T!%T9%T; N0%N"%N!%N9 M" 6!A5N3S!S
Dia/+'-i- 6a(at 6it*/a))a+ 2*.6a-a.)a+: "4 A+am+*-a
!4 P*m*.i)-aa+ fi-i) 94 CT -<a+
;4 Bi'(-i
P*.-'ala+ 6ia/+'-ti -16ah 6a(at 6i(*<ah)a+ 6*+/a+ (*m*.i)-aa+ Ct S<a+ 6a*.ah )*(ala 6a+ l*h*. -*hi+//a t1m'. (.im*. ,a+/ t*.-*+21+,i (1+ ti6a) a)a+ t*.lal1 -1lit 6it*m1)a+4?";
P*m*.i)-aa+ I/A a+ti EA 6a+ CA 1+t1) i+f*)-i =i.1- EB t*lah m*+1+81))a+ )*ma81a+ 6alam m*+6*t*)-i )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/4?"!9;@
Dia/+'-i- (a-ti 6it*/a))a+ 6*+/a-+ m*la)1)a+ 2i'(-i +a-'fa.i+/4 Bi'(-i 6a(at 6ila)1)a+ 6*+/a+ <a.a ,ait1 m*lal1i hi61+/ 6a+ m1l1t4?"
Bi'(-i m*lal1i hi61+/ 6ila)1)a+ ta+(a m*lihat 8*+i- t1m'.+,a ?2li+6 2i'(-i <1++am 2i'(-i 6ima-1))+a m*lal1i .'+//a hi61+/ m*+*l1-1.i )'+)a m*6ia +a-'fa.i+/ )*m16ia+ <1++am 6ima-1))a+ )*lat*.al 6a+ 6ila)1)a+ 2i'(-i4?"!9;&
Bi'(-i m*lal1i m1l1t 6*+/a+ m*ma)ai 2a+t1a+ )at*.al +*lat'+ ,a+/ 6ima-1))a+ m*lal1i hi61+/ 6a+ 181+/ )at*t*. ,a+/ 2*.a6a 6alam m1l1t 6ita.i) )*l1a. 6a+ 6i )l*m 2*.-ama>-ama 181+/ )at*t*. ,-+/ 6i hi61+/4 D*mi)ia+ 81/a )at*t*. 6a.i hi61+/ 6i-*2*lah+,a -*hi+//a (allat1m m'l* t*.ta.i) )*ata-4 K*m16ia+ 6*+/a+ )a<a la.i+/ 6ilihat 6a*.ah +a-'fa.i+/4 Bi'(-i 6ila)1)a+ m*lihat t1m'. m*lal1i )a<a t@*.-*21t ata1 m*ma)ai +a-'fa.i+/'-)'( ,a+/ 6ima-1))a+ m*lal1i m1l1t ma--a t1m'. a)a+ t*.lihat l*2ih 8*la-4?"!9;#
Bia-a+,a t1m'. +a-'fa.i+/ 1m1m+,a 6ila)1)a+ 6*+/a+ a+a-t*-i t'(i)al 6*+/a+ ,l'<ai+ "04 Bila 6*+/a+ <a.a i+i ma-ih 2*l1m 6i6a(at)a+ ha-il ,a+/ m*m1a-)a+ ma)a 6ila)1)a+ (*./*.1)a+ 6*+/a+ )a.*t 6a*.ah lat*.al +a-'fa.i+/ 6alam +a.<'-i-4?"!9;@
TERAP!
T*.a(i ,a+/ 6ila)1)a+ t*.ha6a( (*+6*.ita )a.-i+'ma -*l -)1am'-a ,a+/ m*+/*+ai 6a*.ah )*(ala 6a+ l*h*. ?t*.ma-1) 6i6alam+,a )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ t*./a+t1+/ (a6a l')a-i 6a+ -ta6i1m (*+,a)it -*.ta -tat1- )*-*hata+ (*+6*.ita t*.-*21t -*<a.a )*-*l1.1ha+4 Pa6a )a.-i+'ma -ta6i1m I 6a+ II ham(i. -*lal1
6i/1+a)a+ t*.a(i t1+//al -*(*.ti (*m2*6aha+ ata1 .a6it*.a(i -*2a/ai t*.a(i a7al4
?";
S*2*l1m tah1+ "3&0>a+ t*.a(i a7al (a6a (*+6*.ita -ta6i1m la+81t ,a+/ 2*l1m 2*.m*ta-ta-i- ? -ta6i1m III 6a+ I 81/a m*ma)ai 2*+t1) t*.a(i t*.-*21t4 Ka.*+a ha-il ,a+/ 6i(*.'l*h ti6a) m*m1a-)a+ )h1-1-+,a (a6a )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ -ta6i1m I ata1 (a6a )a.-i+'ma ,a+/ ti6a) 6a(at 6ila)1)a+ .*-*)-i ma)a (a6a m1lai 6i(*.)*+al)a+ (*+//1+aa+ )*m't*.a(i -*2a/ai 2a/ia+ 6a.i (*+/'2ata+ )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/4 P*.)*m2a+/a+ -*la+81t+,a )*m't*.a(i 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a -ta6i1m 6i+i 6a+ )a.-i+'ma ,a+/ ma-ih 6a(at 6ila)1)a+ .*-*)-i4 K*m't*.a(i -i-t*mi) 81/a 2ia-a 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a t*.a(i (aliatif 1+t1) (*+6*.ita
-ta6i1m I la+81t )a+)*. MI ata1 (*+,a)it ,a+/ m*+/alami .*)1.*+-i4?;#3
KE3TERAP!
T*.6a(at 61a i+6i)a-i (*+//1+aa+ )*m't*.a(i (*.tama -*2a/ai t*.a(i
t1+//al 6a+ )*61a -*2a/ai )'m2i+a-i 6*+/a+ .a6i't*.a(i4?;#&
1) K"otra'i tun&&al
K*m't*.a(i -*2a/ai t*.a(i t1+//al 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a (*+6*.ita ,a+/ m*+/alami .*)1.*+-i 6a+ ata1 ,a+/ m*+/alami m*ta-ta-i- t*ta(i -*.i+/ 81/a 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a (*+6*.ita )a.-i+'ma la+81t ,a+/ ma-ih 2*l1m 2*.m*ta-ta-i-4 K'm2i+a-i <i-(lati+ #FU m*.1(a)a+ )'m2i+a-i )*m't*.a(i ,a+/ l*2ih *f*)tif 6i2a+6i+/)a+ 6*+/a+ (*+//1+aa+ t*.a(i t1+//al -*(*.ti m*t't.*-at 2l*'m,<i+ 6a+ <i-(lati+4 R*/im*+ )'m2i+a-i i+i ,a+/ 2ia-a 6i/1+a)a+ a6alah
<i-(lati+ "00 m/%m!-*<a.a i+t.a =*+a (a6a ha.i I 6a+ 6ila+81t)a+ 6*+/a+ #FU
"000 m/%m!,a+/ 6i2*.i)a+ m*lal1i i+f1-* -*lama # ha.i -*tia( 9>; mi+//14
K'm2i+a-i t*.2a.1 i+i a6alah 6*+/a+ m*+am2ah)a+ taa+*- ? 6'<*t i+i a6alah
a*l 6a+ (a<lita*l (a6a )'m2i+a-i )*m't*.a(i t*.-*21t4?;#3
2) Ko"inasi k"otra'i dn&an radiotra'i
Pa6a ma-a -*2*l1m+,a .a6i't*.a(i 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a )a.-i+'ma ,a+/ ti6a) 6a(at 6i.*-*)-i 6a+ ata1 t1m'. ,a+/ 2*l1m 2*.m*ta-ta-i- t*ta(i -a+/at .i-)a+ 1+t1) 6i '(*.a-i4 Ka.*+a ha-il ,a+/ 6i(*.'l*h )1.a+/ m*m1a-)a+4 Ma)a -*8a)
T181a+ 6a.i ti+6a)a+ i+i a6alah 1+t1) m*+i+/)at)a+ 1-aha 1+t1) 6a(at m*+/'+t.'l )a+)*. -*<a.a l'<al -*hi+//a ti6a) .*-i-t*+ t*.ha6a( .a6i't*.a(i 6a+ m*m2a-mi mi<.' m*ta-ta-i- -i-t*mi)4 K'm2i+a-i ,a+/ 6ila)1)a+ -aat i+i a6alah m*+//1+a)a+ <i-(lati+ -*2a/ai )*m't*.a(i ?6i2*.i)a+ -*lama 9 mi+//1 6a+ -*la+81t+,a 6ila)1)a+ ti+6a)a+ .a6i't*.a(i4?;#3
%) Tra'i 'ada kankr non "tastasis lanjut 'ada 'ndrita da'at dio'rasi
T*.a(i -ta+6a. ,a+/ 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a (*+6*.ita i+i ? -ta6i1m III 6a+ I a6alah (*m2*6aha+ ,a+/ 6ila+81t)a+ 6*+/a+ t*.a(i .a6ia-i4 Ra6i' t*.a(i 6i2*.i)a+ -*2a/ai t*.a(i a681=a+t 1+t1) m*+/1.a+/i )*8a6ia+ /a/al+,a ti+6a)a+ '(*.a-i4 T*h+i) ,a+/ 6ila)1)a+ -aat i+i a6alah 6*+/a+ m*la)1)a+ )*m't*.a(i -*2*l1m (*+6*.ita 6i '(*.a-i ? <i-(lati+>#FU 6a+ -*t*lah ti+6a)a+ (*m2*6aha+ 6ila)1)a+ .a6i't*.a(i ,a+/ 6i/a21+/)a+ 6*+/a+ )*m't*.a(i4?;#&
*) Tra'i 'ada kankr /an& tidak da'at dirsksi ( o'rasi )
Piliha+ t*.a(i (a6a )a.-i+'ma 8*+i- i+i a6alah )'m2i+a-i .a6i't*.a(i 6*+/a+ )*m't*.a(i ? -*2*l1m+,a ha+,a 6ila)1)a+ .a6i't*.a(i ?;#3
4
+) #rak$itra'i
B.a)hit*.a(i m*.1(a)a+ -1at1 m*t'6* .a6ia-i 6*+/a+ m*+*m(at)a+ 2aha+ .a6i'a)tif 6i6alam ata1 -*6*)at m1+/)i+ 6*+/a+ -1m2*. )*/a+a-a+ 1+t1) m*+6a(at)a+ t*.a(i .a6ia-i -*<a.a l'<al4 Pa6a )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ (*+//1+aa+ 2.a)hit*.a(i i+i 6ila)1)a+ -*<a.a i+t.a)a=ita- 6a+ 6ii)1ti 6*+/a+
.a6ia-i -*<a.a *)-t*.+al4?;#
-) Strota<ti< radiosur&r/
St*.*'ta<ti< .a6i'-1./*., m*+//1+a)a+ -i+a. /amma 6*+/a+ 2*.2a/ai )'+=*./*+-i (a(a.a+ ? 6*+/a+ 6'-i- t1+//al ,a+/ ti+//i 4 Bia-a+,a 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a m*ta-ta-i- 6i i+t.a<.a+ial4 Dah1l1 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a t1m'. ,a+/ ma-ih 8i+a) -*)a.a+/ m1lai 6i/1+a)a+ (a6a )a+)*. ,a+/ t*lah 2*.m*ta-ta-i-t*.1tama )* i+t.a<.a+ial4?;#&
PR35N3S!S
P.'/+'-i- hi61( -*t*lah # tah1+ 2*.a6a 1+t1) tia( ti+/)ata+%-ta6i1m t1m'. Sta6i1m I : &#
Sta6i1m II : # Sta6i1m III : ;# Sta6i1m I : "0
Ki.a>)i.a -*(*.ti/a (*+6*.ita m*+i+//al 61+ia )a.*+a m*ta-ta-i- 8a1h ,a+/ 6a(at 6it*m1)a+ 6i t1la+/ (a.1 6a+ hati4?9;
PENCE5AHAN
P*m2*.ia+ =a)-i+a-i (a6a (*+6161) ,a+/ 2*.t*m(at ti+//al 6i 6a*.ah 2*.*-i)' ti+//i4 M*mi+6ah)a+ ? mi/.a-i (*+6161) 6i 6a*.ah ,a+/ 2*.*-i)'
)*t*m(at lai++,a4 P*+*.a+/a+ a)a+ )*2ia-aa+ hi61( ,a+/ -alah m*+/12ah <a.a m*ma-a) ma)a+a+ 6a+ m*+<*/ah a)i2at ,a+/ tim21l 6a.i 2aha+>2aha+ ,a+/ 2*.2aha,a4 P*+,1l1ha+ m*+/*+ai li+/)1+/a+ hi61( ,a+/ ti6a) -*hat m*+i+/)at)a+ )*a6aa+ -'<ial *)'+'mi 6a+ 2*.2a/ai hal ,a+/ 2*.)aita+ 6*+/a+ )*m1+/)i+a+>)*m1+/)i+a+ fa<t'. (*+,*2a2 m*la)1)a+ t*- -*.'l'/i I/A a+ti CA 6a+ I/A a+ti EA -*<a.a mi--al 6ima-a ,a+/ a)a+ 6ata+/ a)a+ 2*.ma+faat 6alam m*+*+t1)a+ )a.-i+'ma +a-'fa.i+/ -*<a.a l*2ih 6i+i4?";&
