CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION
C. Action Plan
The kind of this research is classroom action research. Action research is based on the premise that local conditions vary widely and that the solutions to many problems cannot be found in generalized truths that take no account
1 Data LIDI SMK Roudhotul Falah Sukadana, Academic Year 2014/2015.
25 of local conditions.2It can be note that classroom action research is a research which use the real condition to solve the problem in learning process.
Wina Sanjaya argues classroom action research is a research that investigates the learning problems in the class to solve the problems itself using the real situation and analysis the way of treating itself.3 It can be explained that classroom action research use the real situation to solve the problem in the learning process.
In the other words McNiff said that action research is a name given to a particular way of researching our own learning.4 Its mean that in the research, the writer can use specific method in learning process. Furthermore, McNiff suggests that action research is an enquiry by the self into the self, undertaken in company with others acting as research participants and critical learning partners.5 It means, the writer conducts the research need a friend. In this research, the writer need the collaborator to help him in this action research, she is Istian Safitri, S.Pd. She is an English teacher in SMK Roudhotul Falah Sukadana of the east Lampung.
In the classroom action research, the writer would like to hold the research in two cycles. There is a relationship between one and the other.
They are:
2 Donald Ary, Lucy Cheser, Chris Sorens, Introduction To Research In Education, 8th Ed, (USA: Wadsworth Cengange Learning, 2010), p.512.
3 Wina Sanjaya, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, (Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2011), p.26.
4 Jean McNiff and Jack Whitehead, Action Research: Principles and Practice, (London and New York: Routledge Falmer, 2002), p. 15.
5 Ibid, p. 15.
26 a. Planning
b. Acting c. Observing d. Reflecting6
Here is steeps classroom action research design:
Jean McNiff’s Model7
From the illustrated above, the explanations about four steps of action research procedure are conducted in each cycle:
1. Cycle 1 a. Planning
Planning is the first steps in each activity. Without planning the activity that the writer does will not be focus. The planning will be reference in doing action. Here is step that the researcher can make in planning.
6 Sukardi, Metodologi Penelitian Pendidikan, Yogyakarta, Bumi Aksara, 2002, p. 213.
7 Jean McNiff and Jack Whitehead, Action Research, p. 41
act plan
observe reflect
act plan
observe
reflect
27 a) The writer prepares the lesson plan, the material and the media.
b) Making work sheets and answer sheets which will be learned by the student in group.
c) The writer prepare the test (pre test and post test) d) Making test which will be used in pre-test and post-test.
b. Acting
The second step in the activity is acting. It is the implementation of the planning that the writer has made.8 In this action, the writer will do pre-test, treatment and post-test to the students. This action will be conducted in some meetings. In this implementation, the writer follows the schedule of English subject in the class. The writer acts as if a teacher in the classroom and implements some activities as follows:
1) Giving test to the students about descriptive text as pre-test of the research and beginning score in Talking Stick method.
2) The teacher prepares a stick and explains the material.
3) The teacher divides the students into small groups consist of 5 students in each group.
4) Giving opportunity the student to read the material.
5) After reading the teacher asked to close the paper
8 Ibid., p. 213.
28 6) Teacher takes a stick and give it to student, the student that has
a stick must answer the question from the teacher and so on 7) The teacher guides and helps the students in the learning
process.
8) The teacher reminds all groups that they should master the material which have given by the teacher and helping each other in group to comprehend the material.
9) After the students understand about descriptive text, the teacher gives post test quiz to the students.
10) The teacher gives a reward to the top team.
c. Observing
The next step is observing. In this step the observer is Mrs.
Istian safitri as a collaborator. She observes the process of learning by using format observation to collect the data in action plan II. In other word, this observation was done together with action.
d. Reflecting
The last step is reflecting. By doing reflecting, the writer will know the strength and weakness of the action. In this step the writer will compared the score before and after. The writer compared their score in every cycle. It was aim to see whether the students’ score increase or not.
29 The research was done taught collaborative with an English teacher of SMK Roudhotul Falah Sukadana East Lampung, she is Mrs. Istian Safitri, S.Pd. as collaborator.
2. Cycle 2 a) Planning
1) Studying the result of reflecting on cycle 1.
2) Preparing the lesson plan, material and media of learning, observation sheet, work sheets, answer sheets, and test for pre- test and post-test.
b) Acting
1) Giving the students motivation to study.
2) Doing the treatment by using Talking Stick method.
3) Giving post-test after the treatment.
c) Observing
The collaborator observes and collects the data when the learning process is conducting.
d) Reflecting
The researcher and collaborator reflect all the acting which had been conducted and identify the result of observation in the learning process by comparing the score of pre-test and post-test.