1. Classroom action research
Classroom action research is a method of finding out what works best in your own clasroom so that you can improve student learning.2
It means that action research is a way to investigate teaching and learning process in class. Action research is a pecision about teaching and learning process in class actions,which deliberately raise and accur together in a calssroom.3
2. The goal of Classroom Action Research
a. To increase teaching process. CAR is a strategic way to increase aducation service especially in teaching process.
b. In the first goal is success, there will be another goal namely a practice in the teaching learning activities in the classroom.
c. Developing teacher’s skill based on the problem feced by the teacher in the class.4
In the Classroom Action Research, the writer would like to conduct the research in two cycles. There is a relationship between one and the others. They are: planing, acting, observing, reflecting.
Those steps can be seen in the following design:
2 Julian Hermida, “The What,Why and How of Classroom Action Research”, dalam www. Julianhermida .com diunduh pada 9 Juli 2018.
3 Heidi watt in Nazar Alam Hamdani & Dodi Herman. Calssroom Action Research, (Rahayasa,2008), p.44.
4 Ibid,p,21-22
Figure 1. design of classroom actions research
Jean McNiff’s Models5
In this classroom action research the writer used the procedure of jean McNiff’s design. It consist of four phases within one cycle they are planning, acting, observing, reflecting. If the first cycle finished and still found any problem and there was no improvement. It is necessary to continue to the second cycle with same phases which consist of four phases which consist of four phases: planning, acting, observing, reflecting.
1. Cycle 1 a. Planning
There are four steps that will be applied in this stage:
1) The writer prepares the lesson plan, procedure, media, and relevant material.
2) The writer prepares source learning
5 Mcniff. Jean and Whitehead .Jack, Action Research: principles and Practice, (London:
Routledge Farmer), p.3
3) The writer determines the technique Grammar Translation Method to be applied in acting phase.
4) The writer make the criteria of success.
b. Acting
This step is implementation of the planning, the writer acts as follows:
1) Pre-teaching activities
a) Praying and greeting the students.
b) Checking the attendance list.
c) Asking the students condition.
d) Choosing the appropriate with the material going to be taught.
2) While teaching process a) Doing pre - tes
b) The teacher asks the students to read the sentences and interpret it.
c) The teacher explains about present continuouse tense
How to make sentence
Characteristic and examples of present continuous tense.
d) The teacher asks the students to memorize the grammar element present continuous tense.
e) The teacher asks the students to make the sentences about present continuouse tense.
3) Post-teaching activities
a) The teacher gives conclusion about the material.
b) Doing post - tes cycle 1
c) The teacher greets the students.
c. Observing
In this step, The writer observes the students’ activity by using observation sheet. It is to write some indications, not only good indication but the bad one also is written. Such as:
students’good participants, and students’ ability to answer the question. The important things in teaching learning process is noted by writer. The result of observation will be used in doing action in next cycle.
d. Reflecting
Reflection is the last step in this process. The writer analyzes and discusses the observation result during teaching process, like the weakness and strength from the action in this step; the writer use the data from evaluation to make improvement for the second cycle. The writer decide that the next cycle focus on the weakness in preview cycle.
2. Cycle 2 a. Planning
Planning is the first step in each activity. Without planning the activity the writer dose will not be focus. Here is step that writer can make in planning:
1) The writer prepares the lesson plan, procedure, media, and relevant material.
2) The writer prepares source learning
3) The writer determines the technique Grammar Translation Method to be applied in acting phase.
4) The writer make the criteria of success.
b. Acting
This step is implementation of the planning, the writer acts as follows:
1) Pre-teaching activities
a) Praying and greeting the students.
b) Checking the attendant list.
c) Asking the students condition.
d) Choosing the appropriate with the material going to be taught.
2) While teaching process
a) The teacher asks the students to read the daily activity text.
b) The teacher asks the students to translite the text into Indonesia language
c) The teacher asks the students to answer questions available under the text.
d) The teacher checks the students answers.
e) The teacher explains about some present continuous tense based on the text
f) The teacher asks the students to continue analyzing the present continuous tense in the text .
3) Post-teaching activities
a) The teacher gives question to the students about grammar rules that have been studied.
b) Doing post-tes cycle 2
c) The teacher greets the students.
c. Observing
In this step, the writer observes students’activity, their participation, students’ ability to answer the question and make note about the learning procces.
d. Reflecting
Reflection is the last step in this process. The writer analyzes and discusses the observation result during teaching process, like the weakness and strength from the action in this step and teacher performance whether is positive or negative.