Spikelets 1-flowered, disarticulating below the glumes, strongly compressed laterally; glumes equal, dilate on the keel; lemma about as long as the glumes, awned on the back.
Panicle 2 to 3 cm. long, 8 mm. thick 1. A. bracteatus.
Panicle 5 cm. long, 3 to 4 mm. thick 2. A. aequ&lis.
1. Alopecurus bracteatus Phil. Anal. Univ. Chile 94: 6. 1896.
An erect, smooth, somewhat succulent perennial as much as 1 meter tall, with flat blades (those of the culm inconspicuous) and oblong silky spikelike panicles; spikelets about 3 mm. long, the awn about 2 mm. long. Spikelets smaller than in A. untareticus Vahl, which it resembles. A. alpinus J. G.
Smith, of the arctic regions, has spikelets more woolly than either of these.
Bogs, Peru to Chile, whence originally described.
Peru: Huarfin, Macbride & Featherstone 1133. Goyllarisquisca, Hitchcock 22334. Occa Pampa, Shepard 61.
Bolivia : La Paz, Hitchcock 22585; Buohtien 431 (Kew Herb.), 861. Unduavi^
Buchtien 2579. Pongo, Hitchcock 22768. Sorata, Mandon 1244 (Kew Herb.).
0. Alopecurus aequalls Sobol. Fl. Petrop. 16. 1799.
Alopecurus aristulatus Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 43. 1803.
Alopecurus fulvus J. E. Smith in Sowerby, Engl. Bot. pi. 1467. 1805
384 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM
A smooth, erect or decumbent perennial 20 to 80 cm. tall, with flat blades and spikelike panicles, the awns scarcely extending beyond the spikelets;
anthers orange.
In water and wet places In the cooler parts of the northern hemisphere, ex- tending in the mountains to Argentina. Originally described from Russia.
Ecuador : Near Quito, 8od4ro in 1887; Holmgren 570.
Peru : Cerro de Pasco, Macbri&e 3078.
Bolivia: Sorata, Mandon 1243 (Kew Herb.). La Paz, Asplund 6567.
48. POLYPOGON Deaf.
Spikelets 1-flowered, the disartlculation below the glumes; glumes equal, awned; lemma delicate, shorter than the glumes, usually awned; inflorescence narrow, Interrupted or dense and spikelike.
Glumes, excluding awns, about 3 mm. long, gradually narrowed into the awn.
1. P. elongatus.
Glumes, excluding awns, about 2 mm. long, abruptly rounded at summit.
2. P. lutosus.
Glumes, excluding awns, about 1.5 mm. long, the awn 6 to 8 mm. long.
3. P. monspeliensis.
1. Polypogon elongatus H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 134. 1816.
Raspailia agrostoides Presl, Bel. Haenk. 1: 239. pi. 80. 1830. (Peru.) Nowodworskya agrostoides Presl, Rel, Haenk. 1: 351. 1830. (Peru.)
A lax, usually decumbent perennial as much as 1 meter tall, with flat blades and narrow, dense but interrupted, nodding panicles 10 to 20 cm. long.
Moist places, Mexico to Argentina. Originally described from Chillo, Ecuador.
(Bonpland.)
Ecuador: Tulc&n, Hitchcock 21008. Between Malchingul and Pomasqul, Hitchcock 20900. Quito, Holmgren 575; Harteman 32, 36, 37, 59; Holwap 928, 958; Jameson in 1859, 417. Ambato, Hitchcock 21712. Riobamba, Mille 262;
Spruce 5803* (Kew Herb.)- Huigra, Hitchcock 20350; Rose 22472, 22539.
Tabl6n de Ofia, Rose 23075.
Pkro : Lima, Wilkcs Expl. Exped.; Hitchcock 22340; Mathetos 545 (Kew Herb.). Between Tarma and La Merced, Hitchcock 22152%. Guzco, Hitch- cock 22487. Arequipa, Hitchcock 22431, 22432.
Bolivia: Sorata, Mandon 1294. San Felipe, Hitchcock 22599. San Jos6, Hitchcock 22735, Palca, Hitchcock 22569. Cotafia, Buchticn 3133. Cocha- bamba, Hitchcock 22813.
2. Polypogon lutosus (Poir.) Hitclic. U. S. Dept. Agr. Bull. 772: 138. 1920.
Agrostis littoralis With. Bot. Arr. Veg. Brit. ed. 3. 2: 129. 1796. Not A.
Uttoralis Lam. 1791.
Polypogon Uttoralis Smith, Comp. Fl. Brit 13. 1800.
Agrostis lutom Poir. in Lam. Encyl. Suppl. 1: 249. 1810.
Polypogon interruptus H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 134. pi. hh-1816.
A spreading perennial, with decumbent culms from a few centimeters to 1 meter long, usually rooting at the lower nodes, flat blades, and dense, more or less interrupted panicles as much as 15 cm. long.
In water or wet places. Pacific coast, Vancouver Island, southward; appar- ently Introduced, common along irrigating ditches. Native of the Mediterranean region. Originally described from Europe.
Ecuaoob : Between Malchingul and Pomasqui, Hitchcock 20899. Quito, Mille 261; Harteman 51. Mount Chimborazo, Anthony & Tate 329, 372, 447. Rio
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CENTRAL ANDES ~ 385
bamba, Spruce 5803; MiUe 65. Hulgra, Hitchcock 20849; Rose 22496, 24019, 24023. Cuenca, Rose 22886, 22890, 24026. Quero, Lehmann 5284 (Kew Herb.).
Peru: Obrajillo, Wilkes Expl. Exped. Lima, Hitchcock 22337. Matucana, Macbride & Featherstone 377. Goyllarisquisca, Hitchcock 22286, 22333. La Quinhua, Hitchcock 22262. Oroya, Hitchcock 22177. Tarma, Hitchcock 22172.
Cuzco, Hitchcock 22476, 22508. Arequipa, Hitchcock 22433; Rose 18790, 19009;
Meyen.
Bolivia : La Paz, Bang 40 < Coll. Pharmacy Herb.), 47; Buehtien 867, 2491;
Rose 18866; Mandon 1295; Shepard 160. Co tafia, Buehtien, 3139. Palca, Hitch•
eook 22576; Buehtien 2548. Cochabamba, Hitchcock 22792, 22849; Buehtien 2518, 2520. Oploca, Hitchcock 22893.
3. Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. PI, Atlant. 1: 67. 1798.
Alopecurus monspeliensis L. Sp. PI. 61. 1753.
Polypogon flavescens Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 234. 1830. (Peru.)
A low spreading weedy annual, with inflated sheaths, flat blades, and dense silky-awned oblong panicles; glumes about 1.5 mm. long, hispidulous, the awn 6 to 8 mm. long from between two rounded lobes.
Waste places in warm countries. Originally described from France.
Pebu : Without locality, Haenke, a fragment in the U. S. National Herbarium , from the herbarium of the German University at Prague.
49. LYCURUS H. B. K.
Spikelets 1-flowered; glumes awned, the first usually 2-awned; lemma narrow, firm, longer than the glumes, terminating in a slender awn.
1. Lycurus phleoides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 142. pi. fy5. 1816.
*
A loosely cespitose perennial, with knotty crown, wiry decumbent culms 10 to 30 cm. long, short, crowded, flat or folded blades, and spikelike panicles 2 to 5 cm. long.
Rocky slopes and open ground, southwestern United States to Argentina, Originally described from Mexico.
Pkru: Tarma, Hitchcock 22169.
Bolivia: Sorata, Mandon 1284. La Paz, Buehtien 4485. Capai, Banff 762.
Cochabamba, Hitchcock 22815, 22822, 22863. Yalle Grande,- Herzog 1790.
50. PEREILEMA Presl
Perfect spikelets 1-flowered, surrounded at base by numerous sterile spikelets in the form of bristles or delicate bracts.
Lemma, about 1.5 mm. long 1. P. crinitum.
Lemma 2 to 3 mm. long — 2. P. beyrichianum.
1. Pereilema crinitum Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 233. pi, 37. f. a. 1830.
An erect annual 20 to 40 cm. tall, with flat blades, and dense panicles, spikelike above, interrupted or lobed below, 5 to 15 cm. long, bristly with awns 1 to 2 cm. long; lemma about 1.5 mm, long.
Cliffs and open ground, Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador. Originally described from Panama.
Ecuador : Near Quito, Jameson 58.
2, Pereilema beyrichianum (Kunth) Hitchc.
Muhlenbergia beyrichiana Kunth, Enum. PI. 1: 200. 1833.
Pereil ema brasilianum Trin. M6m. A cad. St. Pdtersb. VI. Sci. Nat 4l: 136.
1841; 382. 1845.
Differing from P. crinitum in the looser interrupted panicle, the lower branches spreading or somewhat re flexed, rather distant, 1 to 2 cm. long;
sterile spikelets fewer; lemma 2 to 3 mm. long.
386 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL BEBBABIUM
Moist slopes, Colombia to Ecuador and Brazil, whence originally described.
ECUADOR; Hulgra, Hitchcock 20326, 20635, 20680.
51. HXTHliENBEBOlA Schreb.
Spikelets 1-flowered, In close or open panicles; glumes usually shorter than the lemma; lemma flrm-membranaceous, 3 to 5-nerved, with a very short*
usually pilose callus, the apex acute, extending Into a straight or flexuous awn or sometimes only mucronate.
Plants annual, the culms branching, delicate. Lemma bearing a delicate awn.
Glumes or some of them awned, the awn as long as the body of the glume or longer.
Panicle branches divaricate or recurved, falling entire; lemma 3 to 4 mm.
long 1. M. diversiglumis.
Panicle branches not falling entire. Lemma long-ciliate 2. U. ciliata.
Glumes not awned, often acute or acuminate.
Second glume broad, 8-toothed; awn flexuous 3. M. peruviana.
Second glume entire; awn straight.
Second glume 2 to 3 mm. long 4, M. quitensis.
Second glume not over 1 mm. long.
Glumes acute or mucronate; body of lemma 1.5 mm. long.
5. M. tenuissima.
Glumes obtuse; body of lemma 2 to 3 mm. long 6. U. microsperma.
Plants perennial.
Plants low and spreading, the blades less than 3 cm. long; lemma acute or cuspidate but not awned.
Blades flat; culms decumbent-spreading but without scaly rhizomes.
7. M. ligularis.
Blades Involute, falcate; scaly rhizomes present 8. M. fastigiata.
Plants erect or decumbent, not low and spreading; lemmas acute or awned.
Glumes unequal, 3 and 4 mm. long; blades flat, less than 5 cm. long; awn flexuous 9. M. flexuosa.
Glumes equal or nearly so, 1.5 to 2 mm. long; blades more than 5 cm.
long; awn, if present, straight or nearly so.
Panicle dense and spikelike, stiffly erect; glumes more than half as long as the lemma 10. M, angustata.
Panicles narrow but not dense and spikelike; glumes less than half as long as the lemma.
Awn about as long as the lemma; panicle lead-colored,
11. H. holwayorum.
Awti 2 to 3 times as long as the lemma; panicle purple.
12. M. rigida.
1. Muhlenbergia diversiglumis Trin. MGm, A cad. St. Pfitersb. VI. gel. Nat.
41: 298. 1841.
A slender annual, somewhat coarser than M. ciliata, the branches of the few flowered panicle with only 1 to 3 splkelets.
Cliffs and moist slopes, Mexico to Peru. Originally described from Mexico.
Ecuador r Hulgra, Hitchcock 20322, 20768. Latacunga, 8odiro.
Pkbtj : San Miguel, Cook & Gilbert 058.
£. Muhlenbergia ciliata (H. B. K.) Kunth, Efiv. Gram. 1: 63. 1829.
PodosaemuM ciliotum H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 128. 1816.
A delicate, usually tufted annual 10 to 20 cm. tall, with short flat spreading blades, and narrow, densely flowered panicles one-third to half as long as the entire culm; lemmas dilate.
HITCHCOOK—GRASSES OF GEHTAAL AJSDES 387
Cliffs and moist banks, often on walls, Mexico to Ecuador. Originally de- scribed from Mexico.
Ecuadob: Bafios, Hitchcock 21921.
Peru: Mi to, Macbride 3376. Piedra Grande, Macbride 3684.
3. Muhlenbergia peruviana (Beauv.) Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. 1: 41. 1840.
OUmena peruviana Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 28. 1812.
Muhlenbergia clomena Kunth, R6v. Gram. 1: 64. 1829.
Muhlenbergia nana Benth. PI. Hartw. 262. 1846. (Mount Cotopaxl.)
AgrosUs deUcatula Steud.; Lechl. Berb. Amer. Austr. 56. 1857, name only.
{Lechler 1813b.)
Muhlenbergia herzogiana Henr. Med. Rijks Herb. Leiden 40: 58. 1921.
(Herzog 2226.)
A tufted, closely cespitose annual 3 to 20 cm. tall, with erect culms and blades
* and narrow, rather compact panicles.
Cliff walls and open ground, Mexico to Argentina. Originally described from Pern, the specimen being communicated by Thibaut
Ecuadob: Mount Piehincha, Mtile 249. Cotopaxl, Sodiro in 1891. Tlgua, Sodiro in 1897.
Pkbu : Matucana, Macbride d Featherstone 450. Bfo Blanco, Macbride d Featherstone 800. Xauli, Macbride & Featherstone 916. Oroya, Macbride d Featherstone 984. Hu&nuco, Macbride d Featherstone 2114. Tinta, Cook d Gilbert 211. Pucar&, Webcrbaver 415 in part. Cani, Macbride 3401. San Antonio, Lechler 1813b (Eew Herb.). Carumas, Weberbauer 7295.
Bolivia : Sorata, Mandon 1281, 1283. La Paz, Buchtien 160, 865; Hoiioag in 1920. Talca Chugiaguilla, Bang 806. Capai, Bang 773. Potosl, D'Orbigny 201.
Cuesta San Anaton, Fiebrig 3277. Totora, Herzog 2038, 2057. Cordillera San Bonito, Herzog 2226.
4. Muhlenbergia quitensis (H. B. K.) Hitchc. Contr. U, S. Nat. Herb. 17:
292. 1913.
Calamagrostis quitenete H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 133. 1816."
Muhlenbergia calamagros tidea Kunth, R6v. Gram. 1: 63. 1829.
A rather delicate annual, with narrow but rather loose panicles; glumes 2 mm. long.
Cliffs and walls, Mexico, whence originally described, to Bolivia.
Bolivia : Without locality, Bang 487.
0. Muhlenbergia tenuissixna (Presl) Kunth, R6v. Gram. 1: SuppL XVI. 1880.
Podosaemum tenuissimum Presl, Bel. Haenk. 1: 230.1830.
A delicate annual similar to M. cUiata, with narrow loose panicle, the branches spreading, few-flowered. Glumes more distinctly awned than in the Mexican plants.
niiffTst and walls, Mexico to Brazil and Bolivia. Originally described from Panama.
Pkbu: Between Tarma and La Merced, Hitchcock 22154.
Bolivia: La Florida, Hitchcock 22622. Tungas, Rusby 16; Bang 680.
6. Muhlenbergia xnicrosperxna (DC.) Kunth, R€v. Gram. 1: 64. 1829.
Trichochloa miorosperma DC. Cat. Hort. Monsp. 151. 1813.
Podo*aemum debtte H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 128. 1816. (Ecuador.) Trichochloa debilis Roem. & Schult. Syst. Yeg. 2: 385. 1817.
Muhlenbergia deMlit Kunth, R6v. Gram. 1: 63. 1829.
m This species was described from Mexico. The specific name seems to have been given inadvertently. Kunth changed the name to M. calawagrottiSea.
388 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM
A freely branching, weedy, spreading annual, with numerous panicles, the lemmas with a delicate awn 1 to 1.5 mm. long.
Cliffs and walls, Mexico, whence originally described, to Pern.
Eouadob: Huigra, Hitchcock 20399; Rose 22550, 24018. Tumbaco, Sodiro in 1892; Mille 246. Quito, Jameson 248 (Kew Herb.).
Peru; Obrajillo, WilJces Expl. Exped. Matucana, Macbride d Feather stone 392. Hu&oueo, Macbride 3217, 3514.
7. Muhlenbergia ligularis (Hack.) Hitchc.
8twrobolue UguiaHs Hack. Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 52 : 57. 1902.
A loosely tufted, mostly decumbent spreading perennial, with flat blades mostly 1 to 2 cm. long and small panicles of spikelets about 2 mm. long.
Resembles If. fa&tigiata, but the culms less tufted and lacking the strong creeping rootstocks, the blades flat instead of involute.
Open ground Ecuador to Bolivia. Originally described from Ecuador.
(Sodiro, without definite locality.)
Ecuador : Pifo, Sodiro in 1899; Mille 243. Quito, Karsten.
Pmtu: Hacienda Atocsnlco, Stordy 27 (Kew Herb.).
Bolivia : Sorata, Abandon 1286. La Paz, Rusby 51; Bang 109; AspUind 6498, 6510; Hitchcock 22586. Pongo, Hitchcock 22763. Cochabamba, Hitchcock 22818. Rinconada, Hitchcock 22596.
8. Muhlenbergia fastigiata (Presl) Henr. Med." Rijks Herb. Leiden 40: 59.
1921.
Bporobolua fasiigiatus Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 241.1830.
A low tufted perennial, with numerous wiry creeping rootstocks, decumbent culms mostly not over 10 cm. tall, numerous distichous involute falcate blades mostly less than 1 cm. long, and small narrow few-flowered panicles of dark' colored spikelets about 2 mm. long.
Open ground, Peru, whence originally described, to Argentina. (Haenke.) Peru; Between Santa Rosa and Araranca, Cook & OUbert 168. Oroya, Hitchcock 22135. Chuquibambilla, Hitchcock 22448.
Bolivia: Pasfia, Buchtien 1207, Puna Patanca, southern Bolivia, Fiebrig 2633.
9. Muhlenbergia flexuosa Hitchc., sp. nov.
Perennial; culms erect or decumbent, loosely cespitose, slender, wiry, glabrous, about 30 cm. tall; ligule truncate, less than 0.5 mm. long, lacerate; blades flat, scattered along the lower part of the stem, scabrous, acuminate, 2 to 3 cm.
long, 1 to 2 mm. wide; panicles narrow, rather dense, almost spikelike, 4 to 7 cm. long; glumes unequal, narrow, acuminate, awn-tipped, scabrous on the keel, 1-nerved, pale, the first 3 mm. long, the second 4 mm. long; lemma 3-nerved, about 3.5 mm. long, narrow, villous about the base and for one-third the distance above, awned, the awn slender, flexuous, about 2 cm. long; palea as long as the lemma, acuminate.
Type in herbarium of the Field Museum, no. 534,937, collected at summit of rocky crest, Huacachi Estacifin near Mufia, Peru, altitude 2,000 meters, May 20 to June 1, 1923, by J. Francis Macbride (no. 3874).
The only other specimen seen is from Rfo Huallaga Canyon below Rio Santo Domingo, Peru, altitude 1,200 meters, Macbride 4205.
The short flat blades, spikelike panicles, and slender flexuous awns are sufficient to characterize the species. It Is allied to if. fiaviseta Scribn. and If. scabra S. Wats., both of Mexico.
10. Muhlenbergia angustata (Presl) Kunth, R6v. Gram. 1: Suppl. XVI. 1830.
Crypsis stricta H. B. Iv. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 140. 1816. Not Muhlenbergia strict a Kunth, 1830, nor Epic amp es stricta Presl, 1830.
HITCHCOCK—GRASSES OF CENTRAL ANDES 389
Podosaemum angustatum Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 229. 1830.
Epicampes kunthiana Grtseb. Abb. Ges. Wiss. GOttingen 19: 256. 1874.
Epicampes eoerulect Grlseb. Abb. Ges. Wiss. GSttlngen 10 : 256. 1874.
Muhleribergia coerulea Mez, Repert. Nov. Sp. Fedde 17: 213. 1021.
A densely cespitose erect perennial 40 to 80 cm. tall, with firm folded scabrous blades, drooping forward with a strong circular bend at base, the firm ligule commonly 5 to 10 mm. long, and dense, tawny or lead-colored, spikelike panicles 10 to 15 cm. long; glumes 6 to 7 mm. long, narrow, acuminate or awn-pointed, scaberulous; lemma about as long as glumes, scaberulous, acuminate, or bearing a slender straight awn as much as 6 mm. long.
Rocky slopes and grassy plains, Colombia to Argentina. Originally described from Peru. (SaenJce.)
Ecuador : Paramos of Mount Igualata, Mille 267. Mount Pichincha, Jameson in 1864. Mount Chimborazo, Mille in 1920. Quito, flolway 952. Between Loja and San Lucas, Hitchcock 21461.
Pebu : Yanahuanca, Macbride d Featherstone 1204. Oroya, Hitchcock 22182.
Mi to, Macbride & Featherstone 1721, 1929. Goyllarisquisca, Hitchcock 22308.
Bolivia : Sorata, Mandon 1279. Calderillo, Fiebrig 3173.
11. Muhlenbergia holwayorum Hitchc., sp. nor.
Perennial, cespitose, erect; culms glabrous, 40 to 00 cm. tall; sheaths glabrous; ligule firm, 3 to 5 mm. long; blades scabrous, flat, becoming involute or those of the Innovations closely Involute, those of the culm 1 to 3 mm.
wide, 10 to 20 cm. long, tapering into a fine point; panicle narrow, tawny or lead-colored, 15 to 20 cm. long, the branches appressed and overlapping, the lower as much as 5 cm. long, these and the main axis scabrous, the pedicels slender, the lateral 1 to 2 mm. long, appressed; glumes nearly equal in length, about 1.5 mm. long, acute, the second broader; lemma narrow, 3 to 4 mm.
long, firm, prominently 3-nerved, the callus with a few very short hairs, the apex very minutely toothed, the awn straight, mostly 3 to 4 mm. long; palea as long as the lemma.
Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, no. 1,108,445, collected at Sorata, Bolivia, April 16, 1920, by E. W. D. and Mary M. Hoi way (no. 530).
Besides the type there are two other specimens in the U. S. National Herbarium, collected by Dr. H. H. Rusby, at Sorata, altitude 3,000 meters, nos. 201 and 206.
This species is closely allied to M. acuminata Vasey of Mexico (based on Wright 1993 from New Mexico), which may be the same as M. dubia Fourn.
of Mexico (Chilian tla, Lieltmann 688), though the latter is awnless. M.
holwayorum differs in the shorter glumes and longer awns. The blades are fiat, becoming involute, rather lax, while in M. acuminata they are stiffly involute.
18. Muhlenbergia rigida (H. B. K.) Kunth, R6v. Gram. 1: 63. 1829.
Podosaemum rigidum H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 129. 1816.
Podosaemum elegant H. B. K, Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 130. 1816. (Near Mount Chimborazo.)
Trichochloa elegans Roem. & Schult Syst. Teg. 2 : 387.1817.
An erect cespitose perennial 40 to 80 cm tall, with firm Involute blades and narrow, dark purple panicles 15 to 20 cm. long, the capillary branches ascending or appressed; glumes 1.5 to 2 mm. long; lemma 5 mm. long; awn 1 to 1.5 cm. long.
Rocky or grassy slopes, Mexico, whence originally described, to Argentina.
Ecuador: Near Mount Chimborazo, Bonpland.
11272—27 8
390 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM
Pxbu: Tarma, Hitchcock 22165. Matucana, Macbride & Feather stone 358.
Yiso, Macbride d Feathcrstone 765. Ollantaytambo, Cook & Gilbert 514. Mito, Macbride 8320.
Bolivia : Sorata, Holtcay 514; Mandon 1280. La Paz, Buchtien 819. Cocha- bamba, Hitchcock 22862.
52. TBINIOCHLOA Hitchc.
Spikelets 1-flowered; glumes membranaceous, thin, papery; lemma narrow, rounded on the back, firmer than the glumes, awned, the awn dorsal, geniculate.
1. Trinlochloa stipoides (H. B. K.) Hitchc. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 17: 303.
1013.
Podosaemum stipoides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 131. 1816.
Trichochloa stipoides Koem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 288. 1817.
A loosely cespitose perennial, with glabrous, somewhat angled culms 50 to 100 cm. tall, sulcate scaberulous sheaths, and open panicles 10 to 20 cm. long, the branches verticillate, distant, ascending or spreading, few-flowered; lemmas terete, slender, about 1 cm. long, the glumes one-third as long; awn about 1 cm. long, attached below the 2-toothed apex.
Grassy paramos and bushy slopes, Mexico to Bolivia. Originally described from Chillo, Ecuador. (Bonpland.)
Ecuador : Quito, Harteman 40; MiUe 245; Sodiro in 1898. Between Malchingut and Pomasqui, Hitchcock 20886. Hulgra, Hitchcock 20627. Be- tween Ofla and San Lucas, Hitchcock 21632. Between Loja and San Lucas, Hitchcock 21444.
Pbstj : Mito, Macbride & Feathcrstone 1696; Macbride 3350.
Bolivia : San Felipe, Hitchcock 22602. Unduavl, Buchtien 4172.
53. ACIACHNE Benth. Mossgbass.
Spikelets 1-flowered, perfect, solitary on short peduncles among the leaves;
glumes obtuse, shorter than the fruit; lemma Indurate, fusiform, extending into a sharp firm point.
1. Adachne pulvlnata Benth. Hook. Icon. PI. 4: 44. pi. 1S62. 1881*
Agrostis delicatula Steud.; Lechl. Berb. Amer. Austr. 56. 1857, name only.
(Lcchler 1813.)
A densely tufted, tussock-forming perennial, with numerous firm falcate Involute blades mostly about 1 cm. long, and solitary spikelets scarcely raised above the general contour of the tussock.
Hills at high elevations (3,500 to 4,500 meters), Venezuela to Bolivia.
Originally described from the "Andes," specimens being cited from Peru and Bolivia.
Pkru: Oerro de Pasco, Hitchcock 22249, 22256. Hacienda Atocsaico, Hitch- cock 22218. HuarOn, Macbride <£ Featherstone 1157. Panticalla Pass, Cook A Gilbert 1828. Araranca, Cook & Gilbert 173. San Antonio, Lechler 1813.
Ayapata, Lechler 3234 (Kew Herb.). Without locality, WUkes Expl. J8wpe&
Bolivia: Mount Illlmani, Hitchcock 22592. Chacaltaya, Buchtien 1206.
Sorata, Mandon 1287. La Cumbre, Asplund 6494. Pongo, Hitchcock 22783.
Southern Bolivia, Fiebrig 3571 (Kew Herb.). Without locality, Banff 1843.
In the Kew Herbarium there are two specimens of Adachne that appear to represent species different from A. pulvinata, but the material Is too frag- mentary for satisfactory study. One, collected by Jameson (no. 157) at Salinas, Ecuador, is said to be abundant on marshy ground, forming a dense mat. Salinas Is on the coast, while Adachne pulvinata is an alpine plant.
* See also Chase, Adachne, a clelstogamous grass of the high Andes: Journ.
Washington Acad. Set 14: 864. 1824,
HITCHCOCK—-GRASSES OF CENTRAL ANDES 391
In the Salinas specimen the glumes are 3 mm. long and the subulate-pointed, lemma is 6.5 mm. long (larger than in A. pulvinata), The blades are similar to those of A. pulvinata but are somewhat thicker and the plant is more loosely cespitose.
The other specimen was collected by Lechler (no. 2599) at Sachapata, Peru.
The blades are firm and closely involute but are erect and nearly straight, not falcate as in A. pulvinata. The inflorescence is a panicle 3 to 4 cm. long.
Nearly all the fruits have fallen away, but the one or two remaining are similar to those of A. pulvinata. In A. pulvinata the spikelets are solitary and scarcely raised above the leaves.
The Lechler specimen cited above is probably the one referred to by Ben- tham as being possibly the staminate form of Aciachne pulvinata, though he gives the number as 599 instead of 2599.
54. SPOBOBOLUS R. Br.
Spikelets in open or spikelike panicles, awnless; glumes shorter than the floret; palea readily splitting; pericarp of the caryopsis loose, the seed readily falling therefrom.
Plants annual. Panicles delicate, loosely flowered, the spikelets scarcely 1 mm.
long 1. S. tenuissimus.
Plants perennial.
Creeping scaly rootstocks present.
Culms decumbent; panicle diffuse 2. S. asperifolius.
Culms erect; panicles condensed or spikelike 3. S. virginicus.
Creeping rootstocks wanting.
Panicle branches in distinct whorls; panicles often more or less pyramidal.
Spikelets about 1.5 mm. long; foliage relatively soft 4. S. argutus.
Spikelets more than 3 mm. long; wiry bunch grasses. Glumes shining.
Panicles narrow, oblong or slightly pyramidal; branches spikelet*
bearing nearly to the base.
Spikelets copper-colored; lower sheaths felty; blades folded or in- volute 6. S. aeneus.
Spikelets greenish brown; lower sheaths not felty; blafles flat.
7. S. purpurascens.
Panicles open, pyramidal; branches naked at base.
Foliage not crowded at base, the sheaths not felty—5. S. ezimius.
Foliage crowded at base, the short basal sheaths felty.
8. S. lasiophyllus*
Panicle branches not in whorls; panicles narrow or spikelike, as much at 30 cm. long.
Glumes acute, more than half the length of the spikelet 9. S. mirabilis.
Glumes obtuse, less than half the length of the spikelet.
Panicle branches slender, rather loosely arranged; blades slender and lax; glumes about 0.3 mm. long 10. S. indicus.
Panicle branches short, contiguous, forming a narrow rather compact spike; blades firm, as much as 5 mm. wide; glumes 0.5 to 1 mm, long 11. S. berteroanus,
1. Sporobolue tenulssimus (Mart) Hack. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 41: 278. 1904, Panicum tenuissimum Mart.; Schrank, Denkschr. Bot. Ges. Kegensb. 2: 26,
1822."
Agrostieula muralis Raddi, Agrost. Bras. 33. pi 1. f. 2. 1823.
*1 have not seen this work. The reference Is given on the authority of Hackel.