• Tidak ada hasil yang ditemukan

APPENDIX C: RESOURCES FOR TALKS WITH PARENTS

Dealing with Bullying in Schools© Sage Publications 2004

BULLYING, AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR AND HARASSMENT AMONGST YOUNG PEOPLE IN SCHOOLS: WHAT PARENTS NEED TO KNOW

2 - Types of Bullying

Direct Bullying Verbal Bullying Physical Bullying Gesture Bullying Extortion E-Bullying Indirect Bullying

Girls and boys tend to be involved to differing extents in the various types of bullying behaviour.

Labelling someone as a ‘bully’ is not helpful. Instead of using the

‘blame / punishment’ approach, we advocate challenging and changing the inappropriate behaviour.

Young people who are involved in bullying, aggressive behaviour and harassment as either victims or perpetrators (or in some cases, both), need the help and intervention of both parents and school personnel.

1 - What is School Bullying?

Bullying is a form of aggressive behaviour that is conducted by a young person or group of young people, on a systematic and ongoing basis, against a young

person who is singled out, and is relatively unable to defend himself or herself. It is not bullying, for instance, when young people of around the same age and level of physical / social power have the

occasional fight or quarrel.

Topics of Discussion

1 - What is School Bullying?

2 - Types of Bullying

3 - Why Parents are so Important

4 - Signs and Symptoms of Being Bullied 5 - What To Do If Your Child / Teenager Is Being

Bullied

6 - What To Do If Your Child / Teenager Is Bullying Others

7A - Working With Your Child’s / Teenager’s School Against Bullying (1): What you and your child / teenager will want and need to know

7B - Working With Your Child’s / Teenager’s School Against Bullying (2): Parent-school collaboration against bullying behaviour

8 – Questions and Answers

CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 4

Dealing with Bullying in Schools© Sage Publications 2004

3 - Why Parents are so Important

Parents are the biggest single influence on their children’s attitudes and behaviour.

Every responsible parent is concerned for the protection, safety and well-being of his or her child / teenager.

Along with school personnel, parents have a responsibility to ensure that their children / teenagers are not involved in bullying or harassing other school students.

Research shows that bullied young people are reluctant to tell their parents or their teachers that they have been bullied at school. However, when they do tell someone, they are more likely to tell their parents than their teachers.

6 - What To Do If Your Child / Teenager Is Bullying Others

Awareness of what bullying is Be a good role model Finding out what’s wrong The importance of self-esteem

Perpetrators of bullying have lowered levels of self-esteem; the more often one bullies others, the lower is one’s level of self- esteem.

Bullying others can, then, be seen as a misguided attempt to gain self-esteem (perhaps in the form of peer recognition) Some young people are involved in bullying behaviour as both

perpetrators and victims (bully-victims) – they have the lowest levels of self-esteem of all

Teaching empathy at home

Teaching respect for differences at home Letting off steam in a positive way

5 - What To Do If Your Child / Teenager Is Being Bullied

Finding out what’s wrong

It is not easy for young people to tell their parents that they have been victimised.

Let the young person know that you are there for him or her Be prepared to both listen and talk, but to listen more!

Reassure your child / teenager that the bully has the problem Tell them not to fight back physically!

Teaching coping skills

Explain to the bullied young person that bullies want an upset reaction Humour, silence, or an assertive response – i.e., standing up for oneself in a non-aggressive way – may well prevent a further attack

Teaching coping skills at home The Importance of Self-Esteem

Young people who are bullied can so easily lose their confidence, which will affect their sense of self-worth. The more often one is bullied, the lower will be the level of one’s self-esteem

Ideas for building self-esteem at home Reporting the Problem (see slide 7A)

4 - Signs and Symptoms of Being Bullied

The young person looks distressed or anxious, and yet refuses to say what is wrong

Unexplained cuts and bruises

Damage to clothes, books, and school equipment Doing worse at school than before

Requests for extra money Reluctance to go to school Changes in mood and behaviour Lacking in confidence or self-esteem Complaints of headaches and stomach aches Problems sleeping

Unfortunately, this is not a fail-proof checklist. The presence of some of these things, or even all of them, doesn’t necessarily mean that the young person is being bullied. However, if these signs and symptoms persist, parents should investigate the matter further.

CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 4

Dealing with Bullying in Schools© Sage Publications 2004 7A - Working With Your Child’s / Teenager’s School

Against Bullying (1)

What you and your child / teenager will want and need to know

The young person may beg or plead with the parent not to tell Sometimes the young person needs to be over-ruled, but we

have to be sure that what we are doing really is in his or her best interests

We must be sure that the school can and will handle the matter in a sensitive and responsible way

The incident will be treated in a sensitive manner, and that confidentiality will be kept as far as is possible

Your child / teenager will be safeguarded, as far as it is possible, against further incidents of bullying behaviour

You as a parent will be kept informed about the progress of this case

Parents should of course be aware that investigating an allegation of bullying behaviour in a sensitive and thorough manner may well be time consuming

THANKS FOR LISTENING!

ANY QUESTIONS?

7B - Working With Your Child’s / Teenager’s School Against Bullying (2)

Parent-school collaboration against bullying behaviour Many schools have a Parents’ Council, or Parents’-Teachers’

Association

Parents should be consulted on matters of school planning, and the drafting of new or revised school policy / codes

Parents’ organisations can themselves fund and source guest speakers for information evenings, and co-fund or partake in ongoing preventative measures against bullying behaviour –

‘Anti-Bullying Weeks’, and so on

Parents can, and indeed should, organise themselves if necessary, to ensure that their local communities are ‘bully-free’.

Teachers and parents should be on the ‘same side of the fence’:

an alliance of responsible, caring adults with the common aim of preventing and countering bullying, aggressive behaviour and harassment amongst young people in schools

CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 4