CHAPTER IV FINDING AND DISCUSSION
B. Discussion
Based on the chart above that the highest mean score is Bad Reference 8.3 or 23%. The percent difference seen is not too low from the highest percent yield. From the chart it can be seen that Bad Experience 7.89 or 22%, Bad Self-Image 7.45 or 21%, Bad Environment 7 or 19%, and the lowest was Bad Education 5.553 or 15%. From the highest result the researcher can determine that Bad Reference is the most dominant factor influencing students‟ mental block in public speaking.
Based on the result on the data analysis in Bad References factor showed that, on the question sheets the researcher gave statement “I have difficulty in speaking English because of limited vocabulary”, there were 17 students agree with this statement. “I have difficulty to give ideas verbally when speaking”, there were 11 students agree with this statement. ”I get nervous and confused when I am speaking English”, there were 17 students agree with this statement. “I feel anxious speak in English because my vocabulary is limited”, there were 18 students agree with this statement. “I have trouble in responding a conversation if the speaker’s intonation is not correct”, there were 12 students undecided with this statement. Based on the mean score that obtained from the data showed that Bad References have a mean scor3 8.3, while Bad Self-Image 7.45, Bad Experience 7.89, Bad Environment 7, and Bad Education 5.553. Bad references was one of the factors of students‟ mental block that very dominant because without there were references well the students can not speak in public. That made students have a mental block.
Based on the results obtained the most dominant factor influencing students‟
mental block in public speaking class was Bad Reference. It is said that this Bad Reference was the most dominant factor influencing students mental block in public speaking class because of limited vocabularies or the students lack vocabularies. They feel anxious ad difficulty to speak English because their vocabularies were limited. The lack vocabularies of students that causes them not able to speak well in public, and this can cause students‟ mental block due to negative thoughts in their minds that they can
not speak well in public due to the lack of vocabulary that they have. It is cause them to suffer mental block in public speaking.
As explained in the previous findings section, in Indriyanti (2016) in her study, she found that lack of vocabularies and lack of preparation have also contributed to students‟ anxiety in speaking. There is significant between students‟ anxiety and students‟ mental block because the researcher know that the students‟ anxiety is one of the cause mental block. In her observation showed that when the students was asked to present his speaking tasks he could not produce a world at all. Then, he was allowed to see his outlines/notes, but he spoke with poor articulation, perform many “uhh”, “euu”,
“umm” delays in speaking and could not maintain eye contact with either the teacher or the other students‟. From her study the researcher can see that he had a bad references, which the researcher knew that bad references was an inability in the filter or reject unequivocally the actual references can not be delivered to the gate of success and the most sad thing is if someone is not aware that during He has resources that inhibits her to succeed and advance. References can be said that as information or references that can be used as a guide in thinking, making decision, and others. In this case the references included are parents, teachers, siblings, other family members, knowledge materials originating from print and electronic media, and so on.
In summary, the most dominant factor influencing students‟ mental block in public speaking class in the fifth semester students English Department University of Muhammadiyah Makassar is Bad References because of limited vocabularies or the students lack vocabularies.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion
Based on the findings and discussion, the researcher put conclusion is presented according with the data which have analyzed in the previous chapter. From all the data analysis about identifying factor influencing students‟ mental block in public speaking class (A Descriptive study at fifth semester students of English Education Department in Muhammadiyah University of Makassar) it could be concluded that the most dominant factor influencing students‟ mental block in public speaking class was bad references, although the difference in the data obtained is not too far away from other factors but bad reference is still the most dominant factor influencing students‟ mental block in public speaking class remains the result, because bad references have the highest mean score among others. From the mean score of data analysis showed that bad reference have mean score 8.3, bad self-image 7.45, bad experience 7.89, bad environment 7, and bad education 5.553
B. Suggestions
In line with the conclusion above, the researcher puts forward the following suggestions:
1. It is suggested for the students to know and learn about the factor influencing students‟ mental block in public speaking class.
43
2. It is suggested for the lecturer to help the students avoid mental block at students with give the manner a good learning especially in public speaking.
3. It is suggested for further researcher to help give a valuable contribution for the next researchers as the reference to make further research.
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APPENDIX 1
(Questionnaires)
QUESTIONNAIRE Date :
Name : Class :
Instruction: Please read each statement and question carefully and mark checklist (√) at available column and give some answers of the questions best on your opinion.
NO. Questions
Students’ Perception
Strongly Agree
Agree Undecided Disagree Strong Disagree 1. My lecturer will be angry
with me if I make mistakes in speaking English, so I am afraid of speaking English.
2. I tremble when knowing that I am goingto be called on to speak English.
3. I start to panic when I have to speak English without a preparation in advance.
4. In a speaking class, I can get so nervous I forget things I know.
5. I feel confident while I am speaking English.
6. I feel very self-conscious while speaking English in
front of other students.
7. I get nervous and confused when I am speaking English.
8. I am afraid that other students will laugh at me while I am speaking English.
9. I get so nervous when the language lecturer asks me to speak English which I have prepared in advance.
10. I have no fear of speaking English.
11. My friends will say that I am arrogant if I speak English fluently in of the class.
12. I do not want to make mistake in speaking English because it will show how poor my English is.
13. I have difficulty in speaking English because of limited vocabulary.
14. I would rather work in team which will force me to speak English.
15. I have difficulty that I rarely use English outside the English class.
16. The more speaking tests I
have, the more confused I get.
17. I have difficulty to give ideas verbally when speaking.
18. I feel anxious while waiting to speak English.
19. I feel anxious speak in English because my vocabulary is limited.
20. I have trouble in responding a conversation if the speaker‟s intonation is not correct.
21. It embarrasses me to volunteer to go out first to speak English.
22. I have a habit of using mother tongue in English class.
23. I do not have a good pronunciation, so I get ashamed to speak English.
24. I do not have fluent English ability, so I get ashamed to speaking English.
25. I learn English just because English is compulsory lesson at campus.
(Adapted from Preliminary 25-Item PSCAS)
APPENDIX 2
(Blue Print)
BLUEPRINT Factor Mental
Block Positive Negative
Bad Self Image 5. I feel confident while I am speaking English.
6. I feel very self-conscious while speaking English in front of other students.
10. I have no fear of speaking English.
21. It embarrasses me to volunteer to go out first to speak English.
18. I feel anxious while waiting to speak English.
Bad Experience 2. I tremble when knowing that I am going to be called on to speak English.
3. I start to panic when I have to speak English without a preparation in advance
4. In a speaking class, I can get so nervous I forget things I know.
14. I would rather work in team which will force me to speak English.
12. I do not want to make mistake in speaking English because it will show how poor my English is.
Bad Environment
15. I have difficulty that I rarely use English outside the English class.
11. My friends will say that I am arrogant if I speak English fluently in of the class.
8. I am afraid that other students will laugh at me while I am speaking English.
9. I get so nervous when the language teacher asks me to speak English
which I have prepare in advance.
1. My teacher will be angry with me if I make mistakes in speaking English, so I am afraid of speaking English.
Bad Reference 13. I have difficulty in speaking English because of limited vocabulary.
17. I have difficulty to give ideas verbally when speaking.
7. I get nervous and confused when I am speaking English.
19. I feel anxious speak in English because my vocabulary is limited.
20. I have trouble in
responding a
conversation if the speaker‟s intonation is not correct.
Bad Education 22. I have a habit of using mother tongue in English class.
25. I learn English just because English is compulsory lesson at school.
16. The more speaking test I have, the more confused I get.
24. I do not have fluent English ability, so I get ashamed to speaking English.
23. I do not have a good pronunciation, so I get ashamed to speak English.
APPEENDIX 3
( Questionnaire Answer)
APPENDIX 4
(Findings in Chapter IV)
FINDINGS IN CHAPTER IV
1. Bad Self-Image a. Positive Statement
(5) I feel confident while I am speaking English.
NO. OPINION Frequency Percentage (%)
1. Strong Agree 3 10
2. Agree 10 33.3
3. Undecided 14 46.7
4. Disagree 2 6.7
5. Strongly Disagree 1 3.3
Total 30 100
Based on the table above, percentages of data showed that there were 30 students responds, there were 3 students or 10% from the total number of the students whose strongly agree with the statement. The other 10 students or 33.3% from the total number of the students agree with the statement.
Meanwhile, there were 14 students or 46.7% from the total number of the students answered undecided with the statement. There were 2 students or 6.7% answered disagree with the statement and 1 student or 3.3% answered strongly disagree with the statement. Thus, it indicate mostly students‟
undecided when they speaking English with confident.
Frequency Strong Agree (SA) = 3
P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Agree (A) = 10 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Undecided (U) = 14 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Disagree (D) = 2 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Strongly Disagree (SD) = 1 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
(6) I feel very self-conscious while speaking English in front of other students.
NO. OPINION Frequency Percentage (%)
1. Strong Agree 4 13.3
2. Agree 14 46.7
3. Undecided 9 30
4. Disagree 3 10
5. Strongly Disagree 0 0
Total 30 100
Based on the table above, percentages of data showed that there were 30 students responds, there were 4 students or 13,3% from the total number of the students whose strongly agree with the statement. The other 14 students or 46.7% from the total number of the students agree with the statement. Meanwhile, there were 9 students or 30% from the total number of the students answered undecided with the statement and 3 students or 10% answered disagree with the statement. None of the student‟s whose answered strongly disagree with the statement. Thus, it indicate mostly students‟ agree that they feel very self-conscious while speaking English in front of other students.
Frequency Strong Agree (SA) = 4
P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Agree (A) = 14 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Undecided (U) = 9 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Disagree (D) = 3 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Strongly Disagree (SD) = 0
(10) I have no fear of speaking English.
NO. OPINION Frequency Percentage (%)
1. Strong Agree 4 13.3
2. Agree 4 13.3
3. Undecided 11 36.7
4. Disagree 9 30
5. Strongly Disagree 2 6.7
Total 30 100
Based on the table above, percentages of data showed that there were 30 students responds, there were 4 students or 13.3% from the total number of the students whose strongly agree and agree with the statement.
The other 11 students or 36.7% from the total number of the students undecided with the statement. Meanwhile, there were 9 students or 30%
from the total number of the students answered disagree with the statement and 2 students or 6.7% answered strongly agree with this statement. Thus, it indicate mostly students‟ undecided have no fear of speaking English.
Frequency Strong Agree (SA) = 4
P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Agree (A) = 4 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Undecided (U) = 11 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Disagree (D) = 9 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Strongly Disagree (SD) = 2 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
b. Negative Statements
(21) It embarrasses me to volunteer to go out first to speak English.
NO. OPINION Frequency Percentage (%)
1. Strong Agree 5 16.7
2. Agree 7 23.3
3. Undecided 12 40
4. Disagree 4 13.3
5. Strongly Disagree 2 6.7
Total 30 100
Based on the table above, percentages of data showed that there were 30 students responds, there were 5 students or 16.7% from the total number of the students whose strongly agree with the statement. The other 7 students or 23.3% from the total number of the students agree with the statement. Meanwhile, there were 12 students or 40% from the total number of the students answered undecided with the statement. There were 4 students or 13.3% answered disagree with the statement and 2 student or 6.7% answered strongly disagree with the statement. Thus, it indicate mostly students‟ undecided when they embarrasses to volunteer to go out first to speak English .
Frequency Strong Agree (SA) = 5
P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Agree (A) = 7 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Undecided (U) = 12 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Disagree (D) = 4 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Strongly Disagree (SD) = 2 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
(18) I feel anxious while waiting to speak English.
NO. OPINION Frequency Percentage (%)
1. Strong Agree 3 10
2. Agree 16 53.4
3. Undecided 6 20
4. Disagree 4 13.3
5. Strongly Disagree 1 3.3
Total 30 100
Based on the table above, percentages of data showed that there were 30 students responds, there were 3 students or 10% from the total number of the students whose strongly agree with the statement. The other 16 students or 53.4% from the total number of the students agree with the statement. Meanwhile, there were 6 students or 20% from the total number of the students answered undecided with the statement. There were 4 students or 13.3% answered disagree with the statement and 1 student or 3.3% answered strongly disagree with the statement. Thus, it indicate
mostly students‟ agree that they feel anxious while waiting to speak English.
Frequency Strong Agree (SA) = 3
P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Agree (A) = 16 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Undecided (U) = 6 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Disagree (D) = 4 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Strongly Disagree (SD) = 1 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Based on the data analysis from all of the table above, it can be seen from the result of mean score in the questionnaire that was calculated as below:
The total score from questionnaire was 223.5 with the total sampling was 30. It shows that the mean score of this factor is 7.45. The result of mean score was supported from the frequency and percentage of the questionnaire.
2. Bad Experiences a. Positive Statement
(2) I tremble when knowing that I am going to be called on to speak English.
NO. OPINION Frequency Percentage (%)
1. Strong Agree 4 13.3
2. Agree 14 46.7
3. Undecided 4 13.3
4. Disagree 5 16.7
5. Strongly Disagree 3 10
Total 30 100
Based on the table above, percentages of data showed that there were 30 students responds, there were 4 students or 13.3% from the total number of
the students whose strongly agree with the statement. The other 14 students or 46.7% from the total number of the students agree with the statement.
Meanwhile, there were 4 students or 13.3% from the total number of the students answered undecided with the statement. There were 5 students or 16.7% answered disagree with the statement and 3 student or 10% answered strongly disagree with the statement. Thus, it indicate mostly students‟ agree that they feel tremble when they knew that they would be called to speak English.
Frequency Strong Agree (SA) = 4
P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Agree (A) = 14 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Undecided (U) = 4 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Disagree (D) = 5 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
Frequency Strongly Disagree (SD) = 3 P = x 100%
P = x 100%
P = %
(3) I start to panic when I have to speak English without a preparation in advance.
NO. OPINION Frequency Percentage (%)
1. Strong Agree 10 33.3
2. Agree 13 43.3
3. Undecided 0 0
4. Disagree 5 16.7
5. Strongly Disagree 2 6.7
Total 30 100
Based on the table above, percentages of data showed that there were percentages of data showed that there were 30 students responds, there were 10 student‟s or 33.3% answered strongly agree with the statement. The other 13 students or 43.3% from the total number of the students agree with the statement. Meanwhile, none student‟s answered undecided. There were 5 students or 16.7% from the total number of the students answered disagree and 2 student‟s or 6.7% answered strongly disagree with the statement. Thus, it indicate mostly students‟ agree that they start to panic when they had to speak English without a preparation in advance.
Frequency Strong Agree (SA) = 10
Frequency Agree (A) = 13 P = x 100%