WILD
4.1 Finding
44 CHAPTER IV
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
This chapter consists of the findings in this research and its discussion. It provided information about the result of data collected through test that can be discussed in this section below:
1. The students’ Score in Pre-test
The researcher gave some questions to the students’ as the pre-test to know the students’ speaking skill. Every student got the questions and answered it then the researcher recorded the students’ answers. After giving the pre-test to the students, the researcher found out the result of students’ speaking skill based on the criteria of speaking skill which are accuracy, fluency, content and pronunciation before giving treatment. The result was shown in the following table:
Table 4.1 The Students’ Score in Pre-test based on Speaking Skill No Name
THE STUDENTS SCORE
Total Score Fluency Accuracy Content Pronunciation
1 AA 7 4 8 8 27 68
2 AT 7 4 8 9 28 70
3 H 5 2 5 5 17 43
4 IP 4 2 5 6 17 43
5 MR 7 4 6 7 24 60
6 NK 5 2 4 5 16 40
7 NM 4 2 4 4 14 35
8 NS 7 2 6 6 21 53
9 R 3 2 5 7 17 43
10 SM 8 4 8 9 29 73
11 WB 5 2 5 7 19 48
12 YK 4 2 6 5 17 43
TOTAL 619
(Data’ Source: the students’ score in pre-test)
After knowing the students’ score in pre-test based on scoring rubric of speaking, the following tables are students’ score to find the mean score.
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Table 4.2 The Students’ Score in Pre-test
No. Name Pre-Test of Students (X1) Max Score Total Score (X) X12
1 AA 40 68 4626
2 AT 40 70 4900
3 HT 40 43 1849
4 IP 40 43 1849
5 MR 40 60 3600
6 NK 40 40 1600
7 NM 40 35 1225
8 NS 40 53 2809
9 RM 40 43 1849
10 SM 40 73 5329
11 WB 40 48 2304
12 YK 40 43 1849
Total ∑X=619 ∑X2=33789
(Data’ Source: the students’ score in pre-test)
The following table shows the frequency of the precentage in pre-test Table 4.3 The Rate Classification, Frequency, and Percentage of the Pre-test
No. Classification Score Frequency of Pre-test Percentage of Pre-test
1. Very Good 81-100 0 0%
2. Good 61-80 3 25%
3. Fair 41-60 7 58%
4. Poor 21-40 2 17%
5. Very poor 0-20 0 0%
Total 12 100%
(Data source: The rate percentage of the frequency of pre-test)
As the illustrated in the table above, the average score of students’ prior speakig skill before applying the conversation card game. There were three students got good score, seven students got fair score and two students got poor. The total score in pre-test was 619. It had shown that the students’ speaking skill in pre-test was low, because most of the students got fair score.The following are the process of calculation to find out the mean and standard deviation in pre-test of the table 4.2.
Mean score of the pre-test:
X = ∑𝑥
𝑁
X = 𝟔𝟏𝟗
𝟏𝟐
X = 51.5
Thus, the mean score (X1) of pre-test is 51.5
Based on the result of the pre-test, the data showed that the average score of the pre-test is 51.5. From that analyzing, most of the students got fair score. The total score in pre-test was still low. They mostly have low score in accuracy that they spoke ungrammatically with very limited speaking vocabularies as well as in fluency since they spoke unnaturally with many pauses.
SD = √∑ X2−(∑ X)2
N
N − 1
SD = √33789 −(619)2
12
12 − 1
48
SD = √33789 −38316112 11
SD = √33789 − 31930.08 11
SD = √1858.92 11 SD = √168.99 SD = 𝟏𝟐. 𝟗𝟗
Thus, the standard deviation of pre-test is 12.99
After determining the mean score (X1) of pre-test was 51.5 and standard deviation of the pre-test was 12.99. It had shown that the students’ speaking skill were in low category.
2. The students score in post-test.
Meanwhile, the students’ score in post-test would be presented in the following table:
Table 4.4 The Students’ Score in Post-test based on Speaking Skill No Name
THE STUDENTS SCORE
Total Score Fluency Accuracy Content Pronunciation
1 AA 9 6 9 8 32 80
2 AT 9 6 9 9 33 83
4 H 7 4 8 7 26 65
5 IP 8 4 8 7 27 68
6 MR 7 6 8 8 29 73
7 NK 7 4 7 7 25 63
8 NM 6 4 8 7 25 63
3 NS 8 6 8 8 29 73
9 R 7 4 8 8 27 68
10 SM 9 7 9 9 34 85
11 WB 8 5 8 8 29 73
12 YK 7 5 7 7 26 65
TOTAL 859
(Data’ source: The students’ score in post-test)
Table 4.5 The Students’ Speaking Score in Post-test
No. Name Post-Test of Students (X2) Max Score Total Score (X) X22
1 AA 40 80 6400
2 AT 40 83 6889
3 HN 40 65 4225
4 HT 40 68 4624
5 IP 40 73 5329
6 MR 40 63 3969
7 NK 40 63 3969
8 NM 40 73 5329
9 RM 40 68 4624
10 SM 40 85 7225
11 WB 40 73 5329
12 YK 40 65 4225
Total ∑X=859 ∑X2= 62137
(Data’ Source: the students’ score in post-test)
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Table 4.6 The Rate Classification, Frequency, and Percentage of Post-test
No. Classification Score Frequency of Post-test Percentage of Post-test
1. Very Good 81-100 3 10%
2. Good 61-80 9 90%
3. Fair 41-60 0 0%
4. Poor 21-40 0 0%
5. Very poor 0-20 0 0%
Total 12 100%
(Data’ source: The rate percentage of the frequency of post-test)
The table above shows the result of students’ improvement in speaking skill after applying treatment through conversation card game. There were three students’
got very good score and nine students’ got good score. It means that the students’
speaking skill had improved through conversation card game. The total score in post- test was 859. It proved that there was improving of students’ score in post-test. In addition, the result of post-test showed that no students had fail classification.
In this case,the writer analysed the data of students’ score in post-test to know whether there is or no a significant different of students’ achievement before and after learning process in using conversation card game in speaking skill.
Mean score of the post-test:
X = ∑𝑥
𝑁
X = 859
12
X = 71.5
Thus, the mean score (X1) of post-test is 71.5
Base on the result of the post-test. The data shows that the mean score of the post-test was 71.5. From that analysing, it could be seen that almost of the 12 students’ speaking was very good and good score.
The standard deviation of post-test
SD = √∑ X2−(∑ X)2
N
N − 1
SD = √62137 −(859)2
12
12 − 1
SD = √62137 −737881
12
11
SD = √62137 − 61490.08 11
SD = √646.92 11 SD = √58.81 SD = 𝟕. 𝟔𝟔
Thus, the standard deviation (SD) of post-test is 7.66
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3. The result of the pre-test and post-test were presented in the following:
Table 4.7 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of Pre-test and Post-test
Test Mean Score Standard Deviation (SD)
Pre-test Post-test
51.5 71.5
12.99 7.66
(Data’ source: The mean score and standard deviation of pre-test and post-test)
The data in table 4.5 shows that the mean score of pre-test was 51.5 (X1) while the mean score of the post-test increased 71.5 (X2). The standard deviation of pre-test was 12.99 while the standard deviation of post-test was 7.66.
As the result at this item, the mean score of the post-test was greater than the mean score in pre-test. It means that students’ speaking skill had improvement after doing the learning process that used conversation card game.
4. T- Test Value
The following is the table to find out the difference of the mean score between pre-test and post-test.
In the other to see the students’ score, the following is T-test was statistically applied:
Table 4.8 The Worksheet of the Calculation the Score in Pre-test and Post-test of the Students’ Speaking Skill
NO. X1 X2 (X1)2 (X2)2 D(X2-X1) D2(X2-X1)2
1 68 80 4624 6400 12 1776
2 70 83 4900 6889 13 1989
3 43 65 1849 4225 22 2376
4 43 68 1849 4624 25 2775
5 60 73 3600 5329 13 1729
6 40 63 1600 3969 23 2369
7 35 63 1225 3969 28 2744
8 53 73 2809 5329 20 2520
9 43 68 1849 4624 25 2775
10 73 85 5329 7225 12 1896
11 48 73 2304 5329 25 3025
12 43 65 1849 4225 22 2376
Total ∑X=619 ∑X=859 ∑X12
33787
∑X2
262137 ∑D=240 ∑D2=28350 To find out D used the formula as follow:
D = ∑𝐷
N = 𝟐𝟒𝟎
12 = 20 The calculation the t-test value
t = D
√∑ D2−(∑ D)2N
N(N−1)
t = 20
√28350−240212
12(12−1)
t = 20
√28350−
57600 12 12(11)
t = 20
√28350−4800
132
t = 20
√23550
132
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t = 20
√178.4 t = 20
13.35 t = 𝟏. 𝟒𝟗
Thus, the t-test value is 1.49
This research used pre-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design.
The data below showed the value of t-test was greater than t-table value. In indicated that there was a significant difference between the result students’ pre-test and post- test.
Table 4.9 The Test of Significant
Variable T-test T-table value
Pre-test – Post-test 1.49 1.796
5. Hypothesis Testing
The overall comparison between students’ achievement score in pre-test and post-test in previous sub chapter showed the improvement of the quality of students’
speaking skill from poor to enough, enough to good, and good to very good classification. Then, the data of pre-test and post-test were used to test the hypothesis by using t-test dependent. T-test dependent means only one group, not make different with female and male.
To find out degree of freedom (df) the researcherer used the following formula:
Df = N-1
= 12-1
=11
For the level, significant (α) 5% and df=11, and the value of the table is 1.796, while the value of t-test 1.49. It means that the t-test value is greater than t-table (1.49 ≥ 1.796). Thus, it can be concluded the students’ speaking skill through using conversation card game is significant better after getting the treatment.
4.1.2 The Finding through the Questionnaire about the Students’ Response
The questionnaire was distributed to the students to know their responses by using conversation card game as a media in learning process. The finding showed that conversation card game is able to increase the speaking skill of the students at ACE Course Parepare. This was indicated by thestudents’ scores of the questionnaire as can be seen in the following table:
Table 4.10 The Score of Questionnaire about the Students’ Response NO
ITEM
TOTAL
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 42
2 3 4 4 5 5 4 2 5 4 5 41
3 4 4 4 4 5 2 3 5 4 4 39
4 4 3 3 4 4 5 3 4 4 3 37
5 4 5 4 4 5 4 4 5 4 5 44
6 4 3 4 5 4 4 5 5 4 4 42
7 5 3 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 46
8 5 4 5 5 4 2 5 5 5 5 45
9 3 4 4 5 3 2 4 3 4 4 36
10 5 5 5 5 5 4 2 5 5 5 46
11 4 5 5 4 4 3 4 5 5 4 43
12 5 4 5 5 4 4 4 5 5 4 45
TOTAL 51 49 52 55 52 42 44 56 53 52 506