Gelidiopsis intricata (C. Agardh) Vickers 1905: 61

PHYLUM RHODOPHYTA Order NEMALIALES

44. Gelidiopsis intricata (C. Agardh) Vickers 1905: 61

44.

Gelidiopsis intricata

(C. Agardh)

100 J-Lrn 100 JLrn 48.Antithamnion lherminieri

1. Habit. 2. Branch with gland cells(g)on inner side and in contact with two cells of brancWet. 3. Tetrasporangia (t) in axis of branchlet.

50.Ceramium brevizonatumvar.caraibicum

1. Branch tip showing incurved apices. 2. Tetrasporan- gia in lateral succession at joints. 3. Extremely incurved lateral branchlet developing from main filament.

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CD

0

100,urn

^{0 0}

100,urn

⁰

49. Centroceras clavulatum

1. Branch apex with incurved tips. 2. Branch showing spined joints. 3. Longitudinal section of joint. 4. Trans- verse section of segment. 5. Transverse section of joint.

51.Ceramium cruciatum

1. Typical outer branch. 2. Mature filament showing tetrasporangia in unilateral arrangement and longitudi- nally striated segments. 3. Basal stolon with rhizoids developing at joints.

HABITAT.-Common but inconspicuous;

in cracks and crevices on hard substrates; in- tertidal to

2

m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-Barbados ([aylor 1960), Cura-

~ao (van den Hoek et al. 1972), Venezuela (Dlaz- Piferrer 1970b), *)~Belize; Pelican Cays: D. & M.

Littler 30171 (US).

OrderCERAMIALES

Family

CERAMIACEAE

48. ::-:%-Antithamnion Iherminieri(P. Crouan

&

H.Crouan

in

Maze

&

Schramm) BornetexNasr 1941: 66.

Callithamnion lherminieri P. Crouan & H. Crouan in Maze & Schramm 1878 [1870-1877]: 144. Antithamnion antillanu,mB0rgesen1917: 226, figs. 213-216 (see Silva et al.1996).

DESCRIPTION. -

Thallus

fine, delicate, fila- mentous, creeping, 1-8 mm high, translucent pale red.

Erect filaments

20-40 p,m diam.; cells 50-150 p,m long; basal cell of erect filaments distinctly short, 20-30 p,ffi long, somewhat spherical.

Branchlets

of first order alternate on every cell; secondary branchlets short, one per branchlet, 1-3 (-4) cells long, often bearing solitary gland cell.

Gland cells

13-18 p,ffi diam., 20-25 p,m long, on inner side of branchlets, generally parallel to and in contact with 2(-3) branchlet cells.

Stolons

40-60 p,rn diam.; cells 70-200 p,m long, thick walled;

rhizoids fine, inconspicuous, distal on parent cell; opposite upright filament.

Tetrasporangia

oval, 20-40 p,m diam., 50-90 p,m long, sessile, cruciately divided, in axil of branchlet.

HABITAT.-Uncommon, microscopic, in- conspicuous; epiphytic on larger algae or in- termixed with blue-green algae; to 1 m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-Florida (Humm 1963), Cuba (Vinogradova & Sosa 1974), Puerto Rico (Almodovar & Blomquist 1965), Virgin Islands (Taylor 1960), Antigua (Price& John 1979), Cura-

~ao (van den Hoek et al. 1972), Colombia (Schnetter& Bula-Meyer 1979), Mexico (Mateo-Cid

& Mendoza-Gonzalez 1991), *)l-Belize; Pelican

Cays: D.& M. Littler 30241 (US).

49. Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne 1846: 140.

Ceramium clavulatumC. Agardh 1822: 2.

DESCRIPTION.-Thallus

filamentous, in loose flowing tufts, to 20 cm long, dark brown-maroon; branching narrowly dichot-

omous; apices forked, slightly incurved, pin- cer-like.

Branches

50-150 p,m diam., heavily pigmented, darker pigmentation at joints.

Segments

300-500 p,m long; corticating cells in one layer, rectangular, of uniform length throughout, longitudinally aligned.

Joints

whorled with spines; corticating cells in two layers; spines deciduous or worn away with age.

Rhizoids

filamentous, terminating in lobed disc.

Tetrasporangia

oval to spheri- cal, 45-50 p,m diam., 50-63 p,m long, tetrahe- drally divided, occasionally cruciate, thick- walled, whorled on outer joints; involucral filaments formed laterally at joints, curving around tetrasporangia.

Spermatangia

in ter- minal clusters.

Carposporophytes

formed later- ally at joints.

Habitat.-Common; as mats, drooping clusters or bushy tufts on rocks, ropes or mangrove prop roots; intertidal zone to 5 m deep.

DISTRIBUTION._)l-Texas, )l-Florida, )~Bahamas,

)l-Turks & Caicos, )l-Cuba, )l-Cayman Islands, )l-Jamaica, >~Hispaniola, )~Puerto Rico, >~Virgin Is- lands, t Anguilla, tSt. Martin, >l-St. Barthelemy, t Barbuda, tSaba, tSt. Eustatius (tVroman 1968), :J:St. Kitts, >l-Guadeloupe, >l-Dominica, >l-Martinique, :J:St. Lucia (:J:Taylor 1962b), >l-Grenada, )l-Barbados,

>l-Tobago, Trinidad (Richardson 1975), >l-Nether- lands Antilles, >l-Venezuela, >l-Colombia, >l-panama,

>l-Costa Rica, Isla de San Andres (Kapraun 1972), )l-Isla de Providencia, Guatemala (Bird& McIntosh 1979), >~Mexico, >l-Belize (>l-Taylor 1960); Pelican Cays: D.& M. Littler 30195 (US),

50.Ceramium brevizonatum var.

caraibicum H.Petersen& B0rgesen

in

B0rgesen 1924: 29, fig. 11.

DESCRIPTION.-

Thallus

soft, forming fila- mentous tufts or in small tangled clumps, to 15 cm high, rose-red to bright red-pink;

branching dichotomous, pincer-like at apices or lateral and incurved or spur-like at joints.

Segments

80-120 p,m diam., to 1.25 mm long, lightly pigmented.

Joints

90-136 p,rn diam., heavily pigmented; cells in three bands, top cells smallest, middle cells largest, lower cells intermediate, all irregularly rounded.

Rhi-

zoids

forming tightly knit mats.

Tetraspo-

rangia

partially embedded, 30-60 p,m diam., one per joint, often in lateral succession.

Car-

posporophytes

at upper forks, frequently with several involucral filaments.

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52. Ceramium flaccidum

1.Lateral branchlet with developing tetrasporangia (t) at swollen joints. 2. Joint structure with lower cells wider t~an long. 3. Branch apex showing mature tetrasporan- glum.

lOOIL^ID

53.Ceramium nitens

1. Strand structure showing inner core filament (f) sur- rounded by smaller cells, surface hairs (h) and tetraspo- rangia (t). 2. Transverse section of strand.

Imm CD CD

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/"":'. ..:-.::\.':..:...•...:...•...•...

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200JLm

54.Griffithsia heteromorpha

1.Typical branching. 2. Tetrasporangia (t) clustered be- low joint.

55.Lejolisia exposita

1. Habit. 2. Developing cystocarps and mature cystocarp (c) at branch apices. 3. Tetrasporangial branch with im- mature tetrasporangia (i), mature tetrasporangia (m) and empty tetrasporangia (e).

HABITAT.-Common; on dead corals or epiphytic on other algae; to

1

m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-*Florida, )I-Hispaniola el-Tay- lor 1960), §Antigua, §Barbados (§Taylor 1969), Costa Rica (Soto & Ballantine 1986), Great Swan Island (Taylor, 1975), Mexico (Huerta et al. 1977), Belize (Norris& Bucher 1982); Pelican Cays: D. &

M. Littler 30164 (US).

51. ::-::-Ceramium crudatumCollins

& Hervey 1917: 144, pI. IV, figs. 27-28.

DESCRIPTION.-Thallus

microscopic, creep- ing or as small dense tufts, to 1.5 cm high, light pink to rose-red; branching cervicorn (unequally dichotomous); apices incurved, pincer-like.

Segments

80-120 p,m diam., clear to lightly pigmented, extremely short above, longer below with faint longitudinal lines seldom extending entire length of segment.

Joints

120-140 p,m diam., heavily pigmented;

cells in several bands, lower or middle band with largest cells, other band cells smaller, in no specific order.

Stolons

to 200 p,m diam.;

rhizoids numerous, colorless, originating from joint cells.

Tetrasporangia

oval, 35-50 p,m diam., cruciately divided, one per joint in lateral succession, rarely 2-4 at joints.

Sper- matangia

5-8 p,m diam., clustered, covering joints.

HABITAT.-Uncommon; forming diminu- tive mats or tufts on coarser algae or on man- grove prop roots; intertidal to 1 m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-Florida {phi1lips 1960), Baha- mas (Taylor 1960), Puerto Rico (Almodovar 1965), St. Martin (Vroman 1968), Antigua {price & John 1979), Costa Rica (Dawson 1962), Mexico (Huerta

& Garza-Barrientos 1966), )/-)/-Belize; Pelican Cays:

D.& M. Littler 30181 (US).

52. Ceramium flaccidum

(Kiitzing)