Martens 1869: 234, 237

PHYLUM RHODOPHYTA Order NEMALIALES

G. Martens 1869: 234, 237

Delesseria leprieuriiMontagne 1840: 196, pI. 5, fig.1.

DESCRIPTION.-1ballus erect or prostrate,

spreading laterally to 3-5 cm across, 2 cm

high, purple-red to brown. Blades constricted

at dichotomies to form linear-oval blades, 1-2

mm wide, 1-6 mm long, one cell thick; mid-

rib often several cells thick; secondary branch-

ing from midrib common; apices pointed or forked; apical cell prominent, giving rise to distinct midrib.

Rhizoids

clustered, ventral on midrib at constrictions.

Tetrasporangia

spher- ical, to 45 /lm diam., cruciately divided, de- veloping from distal blade cells.

Cystocarps

460-800 /lm diam., developing from midrib on underside of blade.

HABITAT.-Common but inconspicuous;

on mangrove prop roots, rocks or other hard substrates, in sheltered areas; upper intertidal.

DISTRIBUTION.-*Mississippi, *Alabama, )f-Flor- ida, )f-Bahamas, Cuba (Dlaz-Piferrer 1964a), *Ja- maica, )f-Hispaniola, )f-Puerto Rico, )f-Virgin Islands, St. Martin (Vroman 1968), )f-Guadeloupe, *Mar- tinique, Grenada (Taylor 1969), *Barbados, Trini- dad (Richardson 1975), :J:Bonaire,_:J:Cura~ao (:f:Dlaz- Piferrer 1964b), Venezuela (Gessner & Hammer 1967), *Colombia, )f-panama, Costa Rica (Soto &

Ballantine 1986), Guatemala (Bird & McIntosh 1979), *Belize (*Taylor 1960); Pelican Cays: D. &

M. Littler 30074 (US).

61.

Hypoglossum cf. heterocystideum

G.

Agardh)

J.

Agardh 1898: 187.

Delesseria heterocystidea

J.

Agardh 1885: 71. Hypoglossum hypoglossoides(Stackhouse) Collins&Hervey 1917: 116.

Fucus hypoglossoides Stackhouse 1795-1801: 76, pI. XIII (see Silva etal.1996).

DESCRIPTION.-Thallus

small, delicate, sol- itary or forming erect tufts or prostrate mats, 2-10(-20) cm high, light translucent pink;

branching irregular from midrib.

Blades

oval to linear, 1-4 mm wide, 1-2(-5) cm long, one cell thick; margins smooth to undulating;

midrib single row of cylindrical cells flanked by one, occasionally two, rows of elongated hexagonal cells, later becoming corticated and thicker; apices pointed; apical cell prominent giving rise to distinct midrib.

Holdfast

incon- spicuous, pad-like; secondarily attached by marginal rhizoids.

Tetrasporangia

spherical, 40-80 /lm diam., tetrahedrally divided, devel- oping randomly in elongated sori adjacent and parallel to midrib.

Spermatangial sari

on up- per blade, midway between midrib and mar- gin.

Cystocarps

spherical, to 100 /lm diam., sessile, central on midrib.

HABITAT.-Uncommon, inconspicuous;

epiphytic on seagrasses or attached to rocks, dead gorgonians or other hard substrates; to 60 m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-Cuba (Suarez 1973), tPuerto Rico, tBelize (tWynne& Ballantine 1986); Pelican Cays: D. & M. Littler 30261 (US).

Family

DASYACEAE

62.

Dasya baillouviana

(5. G. Gmelin) Montagne 1841 [1839-1842]: 165.

Fucus baillouvianaS. G. Gmelin 1768: 165.

DESCRIPTION.-Thallus

erect or undulat- ing, delicate, soft, to 90 cm high, bright red to rose; branching alternate, generally sparse.

Branches

slippery, long, graceful, 2-3{-6) mm diam., completely corticated, densely covered by fine hair-like branchlets; base often de- nuded.

Branchlets

filamentous, 2-7(-14) mm long, 2-3 times dichotomously branched, ta- pering both proximally and distally; basal cells 10-20(-40) /lm diam., 10-20(-50) /lm long; median cells to 60 /lm diam., 200 /lm long; apical cells 5-12 /lm diam., to 200 /lm long.

Holdfast

inconspicuous, disc-like.

Tet- rasporic thalli

sparser, paler; tetrasporangial stichidia lance-shaped, 80-160 /lm diam., 0.40- 1.25 mm long, formed on lower fork of branchlet; tetrasporangia spherical, 40-80 /lm diam., tetrahedrally divided.

Spermatangial thalli

dense, deep red; spermatangial stichidia lance-shaped, 60-75 /lm diam., 200-600 /lm long.

Cystocarps

solitary, rarely in clusters of 2-3, urn-shaped, to 1.1 mm diam., near tip of branchlets.

HABITAT.-Common; on hard substrates in protected areas; to 40 m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-*Texas, )f-Florida, *Bahamas, )f-Cuba, §Cayman Islands, Hispaniola (Almod6var

& Bonnelly 1977), Puerto Rico (Ballantine 1979),

)f-Virgin Islands, St. Martin (Vroman 1968), §Nevis,

§Barbados (§Taylor 1969), *Netherlands Antilles, )f-Venezuela ef-Taylor 1960), Belize (Littler& Littler 1995); Pelican Cays: D. & M. Littler 30281 (US).

63.

:'t-:'t-Dasya crouaniana J.

Agardh 1890: 95.

DESCRIPTION.-Thallus

erect, to 7 cm high, rose-red; branching widely dichotomous to irregular.

Branches

0.5-0.7 mm diam., cor- ticated, sparsely covered by fine branchlets proximally, more densely covered distally.

Branchlets

filamentous, 1-2 mm long, 2-3 times dichotomously branched, slightly taper- ing distally; basal cells 18-20 /lm diam., 20-40

60. Ca/og/ossa leprieun"i

1.Habit showing rhizoidal cluster (r) ventral on midrib.

2. Reproductive structure descending from midrib.

3. Surface view of cell arrangement at forked apex.

62.Dasya baillouviana

1. Spermatangial stichidium. 2. Tetrasporangial stichid- ium. 3. Transverse section of small branch. 4. Main axis with filamentous branchlets. 5. Habit.

61.Hypoglossumcf. heterocystideum 1.Habit showing tetrasporangial sori (t) paralleling mid- rib and bladelets initiating from midrib (m). 2. Surface view of marginal rhizoid. 3. Apex of basal blade. 4. Sur- face view of mature blade apex with tetrasporangia form- ing around midrib.

63.Dasya crouaniana

1.Surface view of branch with tetrasporangial stichidia.

2. Mature stichidium with tetrasporangia (t). 3. Trans- verse section of branch. 4. Surface of branch.

p,m long; apical cells blunt, 5-12 p,m diam., to 30 p,m long. Holdfast inconspicuous, disc-like.

Tetrasporangial stichidia lance-shaped to elon- gated cylindrical, 80-120 p,m diam., to 1 mm long, formed on lower fork of branchlet; tet- rasporangia spherical, 18-30 p,m diam., tetra- hedrally divided. Spermatangial stichidia lance-shaped to elongated cylindrical, 60-70 p,m diam., 150-225 p,m long, formed on lower fork of branchlet; spermatia 4-6 p,m diam.

HABITAT.-Uncommon; on mangrove prop roots or other hard surfaces, in pro- tected areas; to 23 m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-*Florida, *Bahamas, Jamaica (Chapman 1963), Puerto Rico (Almod6var 1970),

)~Guadeloupe (*Taylor 1960), **Belize; Pelican Cays: D.& M. Littler 30067 (US).

64.

Dasya mollis Harvey 1853: 62.

DESCRIPTION.-Thallus

delicate, fine, bush- like, to 4(-15) cm high, pale rose; branching irregular, main axis not apparent. Branches to

1

mm diam., tapering distally, corticated, completely covered by fine filamentous branchlets. Branchlets slender, limp, 1.0-1.6 mm long, 3-4 times dichotomously branched;

whorled at close intervals, whorls obscured with age; cells to 80 p,m diam., tapering to 6 p,m diam., 90 p,m long at apex; basal cells 60 p,m long, generally wider than long, often slightly corticated. Holdfast inconspicuous, disc-like. Tetrasporangial stichidia linear-oval, to 135 p,m diam., 300 p,m long, near base of branchlet; tetrasporangia spherical, to 50 p,m diam., tetrahedrally divided.

HABITAT.-Uncommon, inconspicuous;

on hard surfaces in protected areas; to 33 m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-*Florida, *Bahamas, *Cuba, Jamaica (Chapman 1963), *Virgin Islands (*Taylor 1960), Puerto Rico (Almodovar & Blomquist 1961), Colombia (Bula-Meyer 1987), Mexico (Huerta etal.

1987), Belize (Littler& Littler 1995); Pelican Cays:

D.& M. Littler 20398 (US).

65. Dasya rigidula (Kiitzing) Ardissone 1878: 140.

Eupogonium rigidulumKiitzing1843: 415.

DESCRIPTION.-Thallus

delicate, fluffy, soft, 1-2(-8) cm high, rose to purple-red;

branching irregular, generally sparse.

Branches 300-500 p,m diam., partially corti-

cated proximally as small strands descending from base of branchlet. Branchlets spirally arranged from every segment, 1.2-3.0(-5.0) mm long, densely tufted, dichotomously branched; uncorticated; apices tapering, in- curved, sharply pointed; basal cells 50-140 p,m diam., one diameter long; apical cells 10-20 p,m diam., 10 diameters long. Holdfast incon- spicuous, fibrous, secondarily attached by adventitious rhizoids. Tetrasporangial stichidia linear-oval, 120-170 p,m diam., to 400 mm long, often with long terminal point, sessile or on 1-3 celled stalk, forming at lower branchlets; tetrasporangia spherical, 20-50 p,m diam., tetrahedrally divided. Spermatangial stichidia similar in shape and position, to 100 p,m diam., 300 p,m long. Cystocarps urn- shaped, 450-520 p,m diam., 700-900 p,m long, with prominent neck 150-225 p,m long;

spores spherical to oval, 25-30 p,m diam.

HABITAT.-Common, inconspicuous; on mangrove prop roots, mangrove peat or other hard surfaces in protected areas; to 10 m deep.

DISTRIBUTION.-Texas (Humm & Hildebrand 1962), *Florida, *Bahamas, Cuba (Dlaz-Piferrer 1964a), *Jamaica, *Cayman Islands, Hispaniola (Dlaz-Piferrer 1978), Virgin Islands (Earle 1972), tSt. Martin, tBarbuda (tVroman 1968), §Antigua,

§St. Lucia (§Taylor 1969), *Venezuela, Colombia (Bula-Meyer 1987), Costa Rica (Soto & Ba1lantine 1986), *Mexico (*Taylor 1960), Belize (Norris &

Bucher 1982); Pelican Cays: D.& M. Littler 30166 (US).

66.

Heterosiphonia crispella (C. Agardh) Wynne 1985: 87.

Callithamnion crispellumC. Agardh1828: 183. Heterosi- phonia wurdemannii (Bailey in Harvey) Falkenberg in Schmitz&Falkenberg1897: 473(see Wynne1985).

DESCRIPTION.-Thallus

spongy, tangled, forming fluffy stolons or tufts, to

⁶

cm high, bright red; branching dichotomous to irregu- lar. Branches to 175 p,m diam., of (4-)5(-6) pericentral cells; cells in lower portions 35-75 p,m diam., 70-250 p,m long; not corticated.

Branchlets 0.9-1.1 mm long, slightly incurved,