THE HEDERELLOIDEA — BASSLEB 65 HERNODIA CORNUCOPIA, new species

Plate 15, Figure7

At

first sight this well-developed species appears far

removed from

the genotype, but

upon

tracing the

method

ofbranching

and

the type of

budding

it is apparently aHernodia, differing

from

typical species in that the branches are

composed

of tubes in close contact but aris- ingin the

normal manner on

alternatesidesfrom themidlength of the preceding tube.

Although

the type specimen is almost a solid

mass

of closely arranged tubes, branching occurs at intervals of about 10

mm. and

at angles of about 45°, each branch starting with a single tube and,

by

its subdivision, increasingto a width of 10

mm.,

exhib- iting 10 rows of zooecia before another bifurcation occurs.

Each

zooeciumis distinctlyhorn-shaped,3 to4

mm.

inlength,

and

1.3

mm.

inwidth at its distal end,

budding

at such a low angle

from

the pre- cedingoneas toremainpractically incontact.

The

apertures areter-

minal

and

elliptical; surface

marked

with very delicate transverse lines widelyspaced.

Occurrence.

— ^Middle Devonian

(Traverse-Genshaw formation):

Long

Lake, Alpena, Mich.

iJoZofype.—

U.S.N.M. No.

87886.

HERNODIA ULRICHI.newspecies

Plate16, Figure 8

Although

evidently related to the genotype in

method

of

budding and

branching, this

new

species,

named

in

honor

ofDr. E. O. Ulrich, is separated at once

by

its smaller dimensions, the zooecia averaging only 3.5

mm.

ⁱⁿ length

and

0.8

mm.

in width. Furthermore, the zooecia

expand more

rapidly

and bud

at a greater angle (40°), while the branches subdivide atintervals of about5

mm.

^at angles of

more

than ^45°.

The

type specimen, preserved as a sUiceous cast of the interior,

shows

the specific characters very well, but a better-preserved

exam-

ple

would form

a

most

interesting fossil.

Occurrence.

— ^Onondaga

(UpperJeffersonvillelimestone-zS'^myer acu- minatus bed): Falls of the Ohio.

Holotype.—U.S.'N.M.

No.

54128.

HERNODIATENNESSEENSIS, newspecies

Plate 15, Figure 1

Gutta-percha impressions of the type specimen,

which

is repre- sented

by an

excavation in the base of a massive stony bryozoan, in- dicateawell-marked speciesthatcan bereferred toonlyas aHernodia with long zooecial tubes

much narrowed

in the proximal portion

QQ

PROCEEDINGS OF

THE ^NATIONAL MUSEUM

^vou87

whence budding ^proceeds.

The

zooecia are regularly 4

mm.

long, including thenarrow proximal part,

and

0.6

mm.

wide at their distal end.

They

^emergeata rather acute angle

and bend

^slightlyoutward, remaining free but close together throughout their course, with 3 to 4 in 5

mm.

Branching ^{is also} rather regular at intervals of about 6

mm.

and at an angle of 45°.

This species shows considerable resemblance ^{to Reptaria, differing} mainlyinthat the zooecia

bud

onalternate sidesinsteadof practically oppositeeachother.

Occurrence.—Helderbergian (Birdsong^shale):

Swaynes

^Mills,

Benton

County, Tenn.

Holotype.—V.S.TSi.M. No. 54127.

HERNODIA^DAVISI,newspecies

Plate 15,Figure9

Nicholsonia canadensis Davis (not Hederella canadensis Nicholson), Kentucky

Foss. Corals, pt. _2, pi. 51, ^fig. 6 (not pi. 80,fig. 15, or pi. 73, figs. 10, 11), 1885.

This interesting species forms featherlike incrustations

upon

brachiopodshells,whereitcoversareas of severalcentimetersinextent.

Branching at intervals of 7

mm.

or

more and

atan angle

between

45°

and 90° prevents the zooeciafrom forming

compact

masses.

Each

zooecialtubeisdistinct, curvingslightlyoutward,

and

averages2

mm.

inlength

and

0.4

mm.

inwidth,with about3}^ in 5

mm. Each

arises at anangle of 25°on alternate sides of aprolonged central tube

com-

posed of thenarrow proximal parts of the successive zooecia.

Closely allied to

H.

tennesseensis in zooecial dimensions,

H.

^davisi can be distinguished

by

itsloosely dividing branches, free tubes,

and more

distinctly developed central tube, in the last respect showing relations to Hederella.

Our

figured specimen corresponds exactly with Davis' illustration, but a

new name

is necessary since his

name

Nicholsonia canadensis evidently referred to Hederella canadensis Nicholson.

Occurrence.—Middle Devonian: Falls of the Ohio (Silver

Creek

dolomite); 2 milesnorth of Arkona, Ontario (Widder shale).

Holotype.—U.S.N.

M.

No. 54118.

HERNODIATCOOPERI. newspecies

Plate16,Figure 10

Thiswell-markedspeciesexliibitsallthe generic featuresofHernodia except that the tubes have the thick walls

and

_{the nearly}

smooth

surface characteristic of the Auloporidae. Its generic position is,

therefore, doubtful, but at

any

rateitrepresents a distinct species.

THE

HEDERELLOIDEA^

BASSLER 67

Exceptforthe wallstructure,

H.

?cooperi

may

bedistinguished

from

other species of Hernodia

by

its short (2

mm.)

rapidly expanding zooecia (0.6

mm.

wide at distal end,

budding

at angle of 25°, with 2to3 in 5

mm.) and

itsbranchingatshortbutregularintervals(3

mm.)

at an angle of

more

than ^45°.

With

continued

growth

only a small opening is left between the branches, which disappear in old speci-

mens

leaving all the tubes in contact.

Occurrence.

— ^Middle

^Devonian:

Averys

Creek, Erie County,

N.

Y.

(Ludlowville-Wanakah shale);

Rockport

quarry,

Alpena County

(Traverse-Upper Ferron Point formation), 1.6 miles north of

Nor-

wood, Charlevoix

County

(Petoskey formation).

Thunder Bay

quarry,

Alpena

(Alpena limestone-Dock Street clay), all in Traverse group of Michigan.

Holotype.—\J.S.l<iM.

No.

94586.

HERNODIA7MONAHANI,newspecies

Plate 15, Figure3

Hederella cfr. canadensis Monahan, Amer. Midi. Nat., vol. 12, No. 10,p. 388, pi. 3,fig. 2, pi. 4,^fig.2, 1931.

This

new

speciesis

named

in

honor

of Joseph

W. Monahan, whose

early death lost to science

an

enterprising student of

Devonian

paleontology. It occurs as

an

excavation in the surface of a cepha- lopod (Mitroceras) preserved inthe

Museum

of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences as

No.

13342.

Gutta-percha squeezes of this

mold

indicate a well-marked species of eitherHederella orHernodia,

which

is of interest furtherin thatit

comes from

Silurian rocks.

As

theillustration

on

plate 15shows, the zooecia

bud

very regularly

and

alternately

from

a

median

axis, but the preservation is not

good enough

to enable one to determirie whether this axis is

formed

of the caudal extremities of the tubes as inHernodiaor

an

elongatetubethat givesrise

on

each side to

buds

as in Hederella.

In

H.

?

monahani

branchingisratherregular, at intervals ofnotless

than 6

mm. and

at angles of about ^45°.

The

zooecia are small, cornucopia-shaped, bending

outward

in a curve, at

an

angle of 45°, averaging 1.3

mm.

in length, 0.4

mm

^inwidth,

and

4in5

mm.

measur- ing along one side of the axis.

Occurrence.

—

^Silurian (Cayugan-Bertie limestone):

Near

Buffalo, N. Y.

Plastoholofype.—U.S.N.

M.

No. 87883.

68 PROCEEDINGS

OF

THE ^NATIONAL MUSEUM

^vou»l

HERNODIA(THEDERELLA) COMPACTA.newspecies

Plate15, Figure4

Incnistingbrachiopod ^{shells inthe}

Columbus

^{limestoneis aspecies} belonging possibly to Hederella, characterized

by

^the very

compact

arrangement of the zooecia.

The

few specimens available for study mdicatea frequentlybranching Hernodia ^{(angle of60°-90°), in}

which

the ^zooecial tubes

bud

^{from each other so frequently}

and

at such a low angle that they remain practically in contact throughout their length.

The

tubes are IK to 2

mm.

in length

and

0.6

mm.

ⁱⁿwidth, with 3 to 4 in 5

mm. They

clearly originate alternately

from

about themidlengthofthe precedingzooeciumat

an

angleof 30°.

Occurrence.

— ^{Onondaga (Columbus}

limestone): Sandusky, Ohio.

Holotype.—U.S.lSiM. No. 54124.

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