Holidays and travel

Communication at work

Unit 9 Holidays and travel

a•&lilf 41111 Types of holidays

Vocabulary: Holidays

IJ

Match the photos A-D with four types of holidays below. Use your dictionary to help you.

activity holiday family holiday

beach holiday city break honeymoon learning holiday

fJ

Put the words below with the correct verb in the table.

coach tour round-the-world trip

cruise safari

day trips historical sites photos

lessons or a course local festivals new sports

tourist attractions

sightseeing swimming in the sea traditional restaurants water sports

B

Write a short description of your last holiday. Use expressions from Exercise 2 to describe what you d�d.

Unit 9 • Holidays and travel

Vocabulary: Opposite adjectives

IJ

Match the adjectives 1� with their opposites a-f.

1 beautiful a traditional 2 comfortable b unfriendly 3 delicious C boring

4 exciting d horrible

5 friendly e disgusting

6 modern f uncomfortable

Grammar: Future:

be going

^to

IJ

Complete the sentences with a suitable adjective from Exercise 4.

1 The beaches were ... and the weather was lovely!

2 We stayed in a ... hotel. It was lovely!

3 I learnt to do water sports. It was ... and I'd like to do it again.

4 We went on a family holiday last year and my mother cooked ... meals.

5 I went on a city break to New York and the people were so ... .

6 My sister and I did an English course abroad and the teachers were very ... . 7 There was a short bus ride to the hotel, but

the journey was really ... .

� D

Listen to Richard talking about his holiday plans. Which activities is he going to do? Put a ./ or a X in the table.

Richard my last holiday my next holiday 1 learn new sports

2 take lessons

3 go swimming in the sea 4 go sightseeing

5 visit local festivals

6 eat in traditional restaurants

7 go on day trips

IJ

Look at the activities in Exercise 6 again and complete the table with your own answers. Put a ./ or a X for activities you did on your last holiday and activities you are going to do on your next holiday.

IJ

Read the rules and look at the table below. Then look at your answers to Exercise 7 and describe what you are going to do on your next holiday.

• Use be going to + an infinitive.

• Use be going to for future plans.

He/ She/ It We I You / They

'm/am 's I is 're I are

'm not/ am not isn't/ is not aren't / are not

going to take lots of photos.

going to visit Europe next year.

Unit 9 • Holidays and travel

Watch Out!

I'd like to travel the world.⁼ a hope for the future

I'm going to visit Europe next year. = a plan or decision about the future

Pronunciation:

/a/

and sentence stress

� IJ

Listen to the two sentences below. How is to pronounced - strong (with stress) /tu:/, or weak (no stress) /ta/?

1 I'm going to study in America.

2 I'm going to study in America.

A, m

Read and listen to the sentences below.

Pay attention to the underlined stressed words. Then listen again and repeat each sentence, copying the pronunciation.

1 I' m--9.Qi.og to visit England.

2 I'm not going to visit Spain.

Watch Out!

� m

Listen to the sentences below. Underline the stressed words.

1 I'm going to stay in a hotel.

2 I'm not going to take any photos.

3 I'm going to eat in traditional restaurants.

4 We're going to visit historical sites.

5 We're not going to learn a new sport.

6 We're going to go sightseeing.

Listen again to the sentences in Exercise 11 and repeat. Practise the /a/ sound and using correct sentence stress.

/a/ is a very common and important sound in English. Practise using /a/ to improve your English pronunciation and learn to recognize it when you hear it in a word.

Where people go on holiday

IJ

You can use certain verbs to describe changes in the lines on line graphs. Match the verbs below with the lines on these graphs. Write 1, 2, 3 or 4 next to each verb.

3 40

I

^�

30 20 10 0

1980 1990 2000 2010

40 30

20 10 0

1980 1990 2000 2010

to increase 1 to fluctuate

to fall to rise Unit 9 • Holidays and travel

2 40 30

20 10 0

4 40 30 20

10 0

to remain stable to drop

I

I

�

1980 1990 2000 2010

:;�

^�

1980 1990 2000 2010

to decrease to go down to go up to stay the same

fJ

Complete the table with the correct past simple forms of the verbs and any matching nouns.

to increase increased 1

to rise ² a rise

to go up went up

to decrease ³ a decrease

to fall fell 4

to go down ⁵

to drop dropped ⁶

to fluctuate 7 a fluctuation

to remain stable remained stable

IJ

You can use adverbs to describe verbs and adjectives to describe nouns.

40 ...--- 30

-+---

20 -t---=-�^=----- 10 +---=---

0

1980 1990 2000 2010 a.�ective

There was a gradual increase in the number of tourists.

40 �--- 30

20 10 0

1980 1990 2000 2010

The number of tourists increased gradually.

Watch Out!

40 ...--- 30

20

-+---

10

0 1980 1990 2000 2010

adjective There was a sharp rise in the number of tourists.

40

30 --- 20

10 --- 0

1980 1990 2000 2010

The number of tourists increased sharply.

Remember that adjectives come before nouns and adverbs come after verbs.

a rapid (adjective) + dec,:ease (noun) decreased {verb) + ^rapidly (adverb)

Adverbs such as fast and hard are irregular. (not '88t/y, l=t8fd/y)

Unit 9 • Holidays and travel

IJ

Complete the sentences aboutⁱ the graphs. Use suitable adverbs or adjectives if possible.

1 Holidays to France in 2

Number of travellers on

millions of visitors long-haul flights (in millions)

6 6

4 4

2 2

0 0

2005 2006 2007 2008 2006 2008 2010 2012

3 4

Money spent on holidays Price of skiing holidays ( in

2009 (in thousands of$) hundreds of£}

6 6

4 4

2 2

0 0

June July Aug Sep 2005 2006 2007 2008

1 There was a ...

�.h.'!r.P. ..

�.�gt���-� ... in the number of holidays. to France in 2008.

2 The number of travellers on long-haul flights ... between 2006 and 2012.

3 There was a ... in the amount of money spent on holidays in August 2009.

4 The price of skiing holidays ... in 2008.

IJ

You may need to use time expressions to explain when something started or finished, or to explain when something changed. For example:

from 1999 to 2012 between 2010 and 2014 in 2010 since 1980

for ten years in January

twenty years ago

Complete the time expressions in the sentences describing graphs 1-4 in Exercise 4.

1 There was a slight increase in holidays to France between 2006 ... 2007.

2 The number of long-haul flights fluctuated ... four years.

3 The money spent on holidays remained stable ... June and July.

4 The price of skiing holidays rose slightly 2005 to 2006.

- Unit 9 • Holidays and travel

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Completing forms