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History of the Breed

The Appaloosa

FROM ^ANCIENT

Chinese and Per- sian artdatinghack

some

500years before the birth of Christ has

come

evidence of themuhi-coloredAppaloosa horse. Records are scarce ontheir be- ginning, but historians believethatearly Appaloosaswere loadedaboard trading ships in the early 1600's and brought across the ocean to

Mexico

from the NearEast.

Itwasherethatthewanderingplains Indians

came

across these rare-colored horses on the Mexican Peninsula.

The

spread of the Indian tribes northward placed the horsesinthe

Nez

Perce Tribe about the year 1730. Early white ex- plorersfoundthese spotted horses only withinthisgroupofIndiansliving inthe area

now

covered by parts of Oregon, Washington, andIdaho.

The Nez

Perce had chosen themfor theirunusual han- dling qualities and characteristic markings,breeding them inpreferencetoall other breeds.

Forthenext100years,the

Nez

^Perce carefully bred their horses, forming themintoadistinct type.

The

lushsum-

mer

range

among

thehillsand

meadows

of the Northwest, coupled with winter shelter in the canyons of the Snake, Palouse, and Clearwater Rivers,

made

the areaideal forhorse production.

Carefully, the Indians traded off in- ferior stock to neighboring tribes.

Un-

desirable stallions were castrated, and idealstockwasbredand rebredfor the young Indian braves.

The Nez

Perce raced theirhorses, eliminating the slow ones. Close contact withpeoplebrought out thegentle,quietdisposition

we now know

intheAppaloosa.

The

colorful horses of this Palouse River area

came

to be called Palouse horses.

A

^Palouse

became

slurred to

Apalouse and Apalousie and later Ap- paloosa.

The

rich land dominated by the

Nez

Perce was soonto be plowed afterthe

American

CivilWar, andpas- ture lands were fenced for domestic stock. Appaloosas dwindledin

number

and werescattered over the expanding West.

Today

the descendents of these early Appaloosas are found in almost everystateinthe U.S.

Once

used for war,racing, and buffalo hunting, they have

become

thestockhorse or pleasure

mount

of presentdayriders.

Appaloosasareintelligenthorseswith quiet, gentle dispositions. These qualities coupledwithenduranceandspeed,

make

them ideal stock and pleasure horses. Recent surveys

among Appa-

loosa owners found 63 percent using themforstockpurposes,30percentlist- ing pleasure uses, and the remaining owners listing anything from

show

to jumping to drill. This indicates the

many

roles the

modern

Appaloosa can assume.

The

Appaloosarangesinheightfrom 14.2 to 15.3 hands, and weighs from 950 to 1,175 pounds. In appearance, theAppaloosaiscompletelydistinctive, as no two have identical patterns of markings.

They

aremottled,having an irregular spotting of black and white, most of this being over the hips. Al- though their coat patterns vary from speckstoegg-shapedspots,allhaveeyes encircledbywhite thesameas a

human

eye.

Many

mares are a mottled roan overtheirentirebody.

With breed headquartersatMo.scow, Idaho, the Appaloosa Horse Club had over 15,000 horses registered at last count. Their jobistopromote andco- ordinate the "western stock horse that isa pleasuretoride."

TheNational

FUTURE FARMER

Last year's users say:

"Free-choice Rid-Ezy

stops horn ^flies"

Controlliornflieseffectivelyj'usi;

by

feedingsomething?

Many

cattlemen naturallywere skepticallast

summer when MoorMan's

announcedthatfree-choicefeedingof Medicated Rid-Ezy" would dothejob. It

had

workedinseven years of

MoorMan

Research

—

withcattleonour

own

Research

Farms

andin testswith cooperating farmersand

ranchersin14states.Butcost-consciouscattlemenstill

wondered:"Willitreallyworkwith

my

cattle?"

Now

theanswersareinfromranchersandfarmers in

many

parts ofthe country. Free-choice feeding ofRid-Ezyto cattle ongrassdoesstophornflies,saythousandsoflastyear'susers.

"Excellent controlall

summer"

.,.

"Same

hornflycontrol as withonce-a-week spraying"...

"Makes

thecow'stail obsolete."Thoseare typicalreports.

But

does theinvestmentinRid-Ezy payoff?Here's

what

users say: "Cattlecould graze instead offightflies."...

"HeaviestcalvesI'veeverweaned"..."Cattlekeeprighton gainingthroughdry,hotweather".. ."Can'tafford nottouseit.

Free-choice feedingofRid-Ezy

—

blocksorgranular

—

^iseasy, too.

And

itprovides acomplete combinationofneeded mineralsaswell asasystemicinsecticide tobreakthe liorn fly cycle.

m

Your

MoorMan Man

hasallthedetailsaboutsafe, summer-longfeeding ofMedicated Rid-Ezyto ridgrazingcattleof both hornfliesandcattlegrubs,

Jtine-July, 1964

JioonMam

IMfg.Co.,Quincy,Illinois

IT'S SUMMER

onthefarm,and^days will be filled with chores, haying, and chasing those pesky stray calves.

You

can capture

some

of these experiences, plus those off-farm week- endtrips,on film by knowingafew of these

summer

phototips.

The

best photographs tell a story.

Your

subjects should be '"doing." not just "being." Action makes your pic- turesinterestingnotonlytoyoubutalso to your friends.

When

taking still or action shots,

make

sure you find the cameraangle that setsoff your subject best.

Check

severalanglesthroughyour viewfinder; pick thebest foryourshot:

then shootaway.

And

it'sworth

remem-

beringthatanexperiencedphotographer generally shoots from several different angles and vantage points to get one goodpicture.

Always press the shutter release all the

way down SLOWLY.

If you doit inonequick shove,you

may

cause the camerato

move

attheinstanttheshutter

-and your photograph will be blurred.

Try flash lighting outdoors even in sunlight

when

taking picturesunder 15

feet.

You

won't have to change the

exposure,incidentally,unless thesubject

islessthansixfeetfromyou.

The

flashbulb in sunlight will give you better photos, free from rash shadows. Also, the extra light serves to lighten deep shadows around theeyesand lends ad- ditional sparkle to facial features. Re- member, with >'oursubject not looking into the sun, you can catch the smile instead of thesquint.

Ifyoursubjectistobetaken close-up at from threetoseven feet, tryplacing ahandkerchiefover the face of theflash reflector. This reduces thelightby about one-half, as well as improves the ex- posureandsoftens strongshadows com-

mon

in close-upwork.

Check

make

sureyou aren't aim- ingdirectly at ahighlyreflectivesurface such as a window, mirror, or polished object. Shootatanangleto thereflect- ing surface if you can't

move

your subject.

When

>oursubject isnearapond or onabeach, use thesandandwaterasa giantreflector.

You

canshoot with the sun as asidelight atnormal or slightly slower speeds.

And

for even

dramatic effect, try using the sun as a backlightreflecting offthewateror sand.

Either

way

you'll need less camera

exposure setting than on grass or less reflective surfaces.

Check

your flash attachment. If it isn'tfixed inone position,you can use

ittobouncelight offthe wallsandceil- ings to get the eff'ect of regular

room

lighting. This can be done by simply opening your lens two openings

than normal and pointing the flashre- flector ataceilingor wall opposite the subject. It won't be necessary to turn offthe regularhouselights.

They

won't affectthe exposure.

A

novel

way

togetgoodflashpictures

isbyusing the extension sockets found on

many

cameraflashattachments. Re-' place the regular bulb of anearbytable or bridge lamp with a "screw base"

flashbulb; then plug the cord of the lamp into the flashgun. Set theexten- sionlamptothesideorbehindthe subject atabout one-half the distance you are

away

with the camera. This tech- nique will "edge-light" the hair and produce pleasing shadows.

You

won't have to change your regular exposure setting; just be sure the lamp switch is

on soitwillflash atthesametime.

Colorsnaps areattheir bestonclear, brightdays

when

you canusefastshut- terspeedsandsmall lens openings.

Be

suretouseoutdoorfill-in flashto com- pensateforbrightshadows on yoursub- ject.Forindoor colorflash,bearin

mind

thatcolored surfaceswill reflectcolored light. Unlessyourwallsare white,steer clearofbounce-flash techniques.

Here are

some

final outdoor camera pointers: (1) Bring the camera with plenty of flash and film. (2)

Keep

the camera handy,notback inthecar. (3) Carry a small notebook to keep track of names and places you might forget.

(4) Include localized backgrounds such as road signs or buildings to help you linktheplacesand people.

Theselong, eventfuldays of

summer

can be >ours for \earsto

come

witha camera,

some

film,anda bitof"know- how."

The closer you are to your subject

when

using flash, the less noticeable will be the

shadow

effect of the sun. In

backing off a little, you ^will get a

artistic effect.

Flash eliminates unsightly shadows and makes possible a sharp, brilliantly detailed photo. Note difference with no flash with left photo, flash fill-in with right photo.

The National

FLIT RE FARMER \

Single-Shot

for only $22.95

5SADDLEGUNMODELS

standardSAODLEGUN $22.95

StandardMagnum $25.95

DeluxeSADDLEGUN(fancywood, sling,gold-platedhammerand

trigger) $29.95

DeluxeMagnum $34.95

PresentationSADDLEGUN $100.00 PresentationMagnum $125.00 OPTIONALSADDLEGUN ACCESSORIES MicrometerPeepSight

(installed) $ 6.00

WeaverB-4Scope Sight

(installed) $ 9.75

ITHACA'S SEMIAUTOMATIC The X-15LIGHTNING.22.Super-

accurate,doubly safe...built for realuse and abuse.With7- shotclipmagazine $44.95 OptionalX-15Accessaries WeaverB-4ScopeSight $ 9.75 WeaverB-6ScopeSight $12.50

How many

times have youhaidaperfectshotinthefiel(J.. .an(jwishecJ youhada rifle?This

summer

takethose shots with Ithaca'slightweight, accuratesingle-shot .22,theSaddlegun.

Styledafterthefamous gunthat laiddownthe lawinthe Old West, the Saddlegunisruggedenoughtogo anywhere, accurateenoughtohitany- thing you aimfor

—

from plinking atcans tosmacking down varmints.

Made

tobecarried,itmeasuresjust34V2", weighs only5V2 lbs.And it's

chambered for.22 shorts, longsand longriflecartridges, witha special

Magnum

modelavailable.

The Saddlegunissafe, too.Its"rebounding

hammer"

acts independently oftheleveraction:Itmustbehand-cockedbeforethegunwill fire.This meansdoublesafety

—

apointof real interest toyouandyourparents.The barrelisofbluedsteel,

made

forgreatstrengthandaccuracy. Stockand forend areof solid,handsome Americanwalnut. This isa gunthat is a pleasuretoownaswellastoshoot.

SeetheSaddlegun,atyour Ithaca franchised SportingGoodsDealer.Buy

it...andgetanextrabangoutoffarmingthissummer!

Meantime,send25«toDept.NFF-6foryourcopyofthenew 1964Ithaca

Gun

Catalog

—

loaded withguns andshootingtips!

Dalam dokumen National Future Farmer (Halaman 46-49)

History of the Breed

The Appaloosa

FROM ANCIENT

some

come

Mexico

came

The

Nez

now

The Nez

Nez

The

mer

among

meadows

made

Un-

The Nez

we now know

The

came

A

became

The

Nez

American

number

Today

Once

become

mount

make

among Appa-

show

many

modern

The

They

human

Many

FUTURE FARMER

Last year's users say:

"Free-choice Rid-Ezy

stops horn flies"

by

Many

summer when MoorMan's

had

MoorMan

—

own

Farms

my

Now

many

summer"

"Same

"Makes

But

what

—

—

And

m

MoorMan Man

JioonMam

IT'S SUMMER

You

some

summer

The

Your

When

make

Check

And

remem-

way down SLOWLY.

FROM ^ANCIENT

stops horn ^flies"