NUMBER 77 MALVACFAE-MARCGRAVLACEAE 143 crateriform, k entire; petals yellow, cream or reddish, with a

SIMAROUBACEAE 33. Fruit leathery

NUMBER 77 NUMBER 77 MALVACFAE-MARCGRAVLACEAE 143 crateriform, k entire; petals yellow, cream or reddish, with a

dark base, black-punctate; fruit 3-4.5 cm in diameter.

Pantropical; in Dominica a dominant of coastal strand vegetation: Cabrit Swamp (Hodge 544, Nicolson 1886, Wilbur 8257), L’Anse Noire (Ernst 1827), Pointe Ronde (Hodge 2693).

Urena Linnaeus

Easily recognized by the hooked spines on the fruits (like Triutnfetta of the Tiliaceae).

1. Sinuses of leaf blades shallow, angular at base

. . . . . .

^U. lobata 1.

. . .

U. sinuata

Sinuses of leaf blades deep, rounded at base

. . .

Urena lobata

Urem Ioboto Linnaeus, 1753:692.-Borssum Waalkes, 1966:140 [as var.

loboto].

Shrub with shallowly lobed leaves; epicalyx cupular, stiff and appressed to mericarps.

Pantropic weed; known in Dominica only from dry northwest comer of the island: Pointe Ronde (Hodge 2765), Portsmouth (Whitefoord 5295).

Urena sinuata

Urem sinuato Linnaeus, 1753:692.

U r e m swortzii A.P. Candolle, 1824, 1 :442.

Ureno loboto f. sinuoso Miquel, 1854:283.

Urem loboto var. swortzii (A.P. Candolle) Grisebach, 1859:81.

Urem Ioboto var. sinuato (Linnaeus) Miquel ex Kuntze, 1891. 1:74.- Ureno Iobota subsp. sinuato (Linnaeus) Borssum Waalkes, 1966:142.

Hochreutiner, 1901 :141.

Mahoe cousin, materebe (Carib, without food).

Shrub with deeply lobed leaves; epicalyx spreading or reflexed in fruit.

Pantropic weed; occasional in Dominica in lowland and midland disturbed areas: Bellevue (Eggers 599), Carib Reserve (Stehle 6100), Hatton Garden (Hodge 2955, 3041), La Chaudiere (Hodge 3692), Milton (Hodge 2927), Sylvania (Cooper 71, Hodge 1105), Wallhouse (Eggers s.n., Nov 1887), sine loc. (Imray m., Taylor I ) .

Used medicinally by Caribs (Hodge and Taylor, 1957581).

Wercklea Pittier & Standley Wercklea tulipiflora

Werckleo tulipflora (I. Hooker) Flyxell. 1981:476.-Fryxell in Howard, 1989, Hibkcus tulipiflorw J. Hooker, 1845, “tulipefrorus.”

5:260.

G o m b montagne, gombo marmn.

Tree to 13 m; leaves large, cordate, coarsely toothed; flowers yellow, pendent; capsule erect.

Lesser Antilles (Montserrat to St. Lucia); in places common on Dominica, 450-800 m: Freshwater Lake vicinity (Beard 235, Hodge 1127, 1879, Nicolson 1957, 4146, Smith 10234, Wusshausen & Ayensu 311, Whitefoord 3863), summit of Mome Negres Marrons (Hodge 1079), Sylvania (Hodge 549), sine loc. (Cooper 40, Imray 251, the type).

MARCCRAVIACEAE (by John Utley)

Inflorescence f umbellate; leaves dimorphic, distichous, acute on fertile branches; central flowers aborted, each with a pitcher-shaped nectary (“bract”) long-decurrent on pedicel; fertile flowers with calyptrate corolla

. . . . . .

Marcgravia Inflorescence racemose, elongated; leaves monomorphic, spiralled, obtuse to retuse; flowers all fertile, each with a ladle-shaped nectary attached to pedicel; corolla lobes free (at least apically).

2. Raceme axis to 20 cm long; pedicels to 0.5 cm, scarcely longer than flowers: nectary inserted at flower base;

stamens 5

. . .

Ruyschia 2. Raceme axis to 10 cm long; pedicels to 4 cm, much longer than flowers; nectary inserted below mid-pedicel;

stamens 20

. . .

Schwartzia Marcgravia Linnaeus

1. Inflorescences erect; flowers erect on pedicels; stamens -60.

. . .

M. trinitatis 1. Inflorescences pendulous; flowers angled on pedicels;

stamens to 20.

2. Flowers at oblique angle on 2 cm pedicel, buds acute;

leaves leathery, 6-10 cm long: nectary apices of central abortive flowers extending -5 mm beyond pedicel apices

. . .

M. lineolata 2. Flowers at almost right angle on 3 cm pedicel, buds rounded; leaves not leathery, 10-13 cm long; nectary apices of central abortive flowers equaling or slightly below than pedicel apices

. . .

M. umbellata

Marcgravia lineolata

hforcgrovio lineolato Krug & urban in urban, 18%:517.

Leaves leathery, with inconspicuous venation; leaf glands slightly inset (3-5 mm); lower third of midrib with 4-5 domatia on each side; petioles 4-5 mrn long; flowers at 45”

angle on -2 cm pedicels; stamens 8.

Martinique and St. Lucia; apparently rare in interior forests of Dominica: 5 miles [8 km] east of Pont Casse (Nicolson 41 78, Wilbur 7830), Syndicate (Ernst 2065, Whitefoord 3491, 4268,

144 MARCORAUCEAE-MELAST~MATACEAE SMITHSONUN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY

4377,4397,4402,4545).

Determinations are tentative pending revision of the genus.

Our specimens agree reasonably well with specimens ( U S ) from Martinique (Stehle 4861, 6148, 6813, 6836) but others determined as this species have conspicuously reticulate venation and lack the revolute margins.

Marcgravia trinitatis

Marcgravia trinitarir Presl, 1845:122.-Urban, 1896516.

Marcgravia recrijlora T r i m & Planchon, 1862:364.

Marcgravia rectiflora var. jacquinii Triana & Planchon, 1862:366.-Urban, 1896515.-Howard, 1970.

Leaves leathery, with inconspicuous venation, marginal glands as a line of inconspicuous glands 2-3 mm from margins and 1-2 conspicuous domatia (pocket glands) -2-3 mm from midrib -1 cm above leaf base; petioles 1-2 mm long, essentially sessile; flowers erect on 4-5 cm pedicels; stamens -60.

[Martinique?] and St. Lucia; apparently rare in interior rainforest of Dominica: Laudat (Ramage s.n.), Sylvania (Hodge 475,1143, Syndicate (Nicolson 4083).

The type, Sieber 342, supposedly collected in Trinidad by Franz Wrbna, probably involves an error, because the species does not occur on Trinidad. It may have been collected on Martinique by Franz Kohaut, perhaps at La Trinitt5. The same situation exists for Rauvoljia biauriculata (Apocynaceae).

Marcgravia umbellata

Marcgravia wnbellata Linnaeus, 1753:503.-Urban, 1896517.

Leaves not leathery, with conspicuous venation; glands on leaf margin (line of dark dots on pale margin), the lower third of midrib with 1-2 domatia on each side below; petioles 7-9 mm; flowers at -90’ angle on -3 cm pedicels; stamens -15.

Lesser Antilles to Guyana and Colombia; common in treetops of Dominican rainforests 100-800 m: Carib Reserve (Stehlet 6099), Delices (Whitefoord 3705), Deux Branches (Hodge 1977,3469), Fon Pays (Hodge 2863), Freshwater Lake (Hodge 1775, Nicolson 1838, Whitefoord 5141), La Chaudiere (Hodge 3513), Laudat (Hodge 1968), Lisdara (Hodge 477, 2386), Morne Colla Anglais (Hodge 1048), Mome Micotrin (Chambers 2571, Stern & Wasshausen 2563, Wasshausen &

Ayensu 339, Webster 13238, Wilbur 7393, Morne Plat Pays (Hodge 1729), Mosquito Mountain (Webster 1356@, Petite Soufriere Bay (Stern & Wasshausen 2485), Pointe Lo10 (Chambers 2518), Pont Casse (Fosberg 48300, Wasshausen &

Ayensu 368), Sylvania (Hodge 1048), Syndicate (Hodge 2708, Whitefoord 5631).

Ruyschia Jacquin Ruyschia clusiifolia

Ruychia clusiifolia Jacquin, 1760: 17. “clusiaefolia”.-Urban, 1896520.

Climbing shrub; leaves obovate, retuse; floral nectaries attached near pedicel apex.

Guadeloupe to Martinique; occasional high-climbing epi- phyte in Dominican rainforests, 300-610 m: Boiling Lake (Eggers 1098), La Soie at 2000’ 1670 m] (Eggers s.n.), Laudat (Eggers 787), Syndicate (Hodge 2901, Nicolson 2901).

Schwartzia Vellozo

There is a possibility that Schwartzia is so similar to earlier Swartzia that it is confusable and to be treated as a later homonym under Art, 64.3 (ZCBN). Both genera were named for Olof Swartz (also Swartsia).

Schwartzia spicwora

Schwartzia spuifora (Jussieu) Beddell in Howard, 1989,5:309.

Marcgravia spicijlora Jussieu, 1809:402.

Norantea spicifora (Jussiw) Kmg & Urban in Urban, 1896520.

Climbing shrub; leaves obovate, obtuse, coriaceous; floral nectaries mostly attached below mid-pedicel.

Guadeloupe, St. Vincent, Venezuela; in Dominican rain- forests 700-1400 m: Couliaboune [Mome Anglais] (Wilbur 7962), Dleau Gommier (DeFilipps I79), Laudat (Chambers 2683), Morne Diablotins (Chambers 2648, Nicolson I985), Pont Casse (Ernst 1129), Valley of Desolation (Whitefoord 5495).

MARTYNIACEAE (by R.W. Kiger) Martynia annua

Martynia annua Linnaeus, 1753:618.-Van Eseltine, 1929:36.

Martynia diandra Gloxin, 1785:14, n m . superfl.

Martynia angulosa Lamar&, 1786,2112, nom. supedl.

Coarse annual herbs to 3 m; corolla white to pink, tube yellow-spotted, the lobes with magenta blotches; mature fruits to 4.5 cm long, with 2 recurved apical horns -1 cm long.

Central America and West Indies, pantropically cultivated and escaping; on dry west coast of Dominica in open areas near sea level, probably not native: between Colihaut and Coulibistri (Ernst 2 1 1 3 , Goodwill (Ernst 2145), cult. in Roseau Botanic Garden (Hodge 1002).

MELA~OMATACEAE (by A.C. Nicolson)

Ed. Note: Members of this family are usually calledcre-cre on Dominica. Many are weedy and common, others are rare.

Generic limits are sometimes difficult to define, although the species are relatively well defined. I thank Dr. John Wurdack for reviewing this treatment,

NUMBER 77 MELASTohtATACEAE

Generic Key (by J. Wurdack)

1. Ovary superior (free from hypanthium); fruit capsular.

2. Leaves 1 cm or shorter; flowers 5-merous

. . .

Tibouchina 2. Leaves 3 cm or longer, flowers 4-merous.

3. Upper leaf-surface strigose: hypanthium densely setose with stalked hairs

. . .

Pterolepis 3 . Upper leaf-surface glabrous: hypanthium glandular- or stellulate-puberulent.

4.

4.

Leaves 7-9-veined, 10-20 cm wide

. . .

Graffenrieda Leaves 5-(or faintly 7-)veined, 2-4 cm wide

. . .

Nepsera 1. Ovary partly or completely inferior: fruit baccate.

5. Flower invested by 2 pairs of bracts 1.2-2.0 cm wide

. . .

Blakea 5 . Flower without prominent bracts or with only 1 pair c 1 cm wide.

6 . Inflorescences on old wood below the leaves, pedicels arising in fascicles directly from the branches

. . .

Henriettella 6. Inflorescences terminal or in well-defined panicles from upper leaf-mils.

7. Calyx-limb calyptrate, shed as bud expands; flowers pleiostemonous

. . .

Conostegia 7. Calyx-limb truncate or regularly lobed, persistent at anthesis; flowers with 8. Inflorescences lateral; flowers 4-merous

. . .

Clidernia 8. Inflorescences terminal or appearing so; flowers 4-6-merous.

Anthers rimose (opening by longitudinal slits)

. . .

Charianthus Leaves moderately appressed-setose above

. . .

Clidernia hirta no more than 2x as many stamens as petals.

9.

9. Anthers opening by apical pores.

10.

10. Leaves glabrous on upper surface.

11. Mature leaves glabrous or sparsely puberulous beneath, the surface visible between the hairs

. . .

Miconia 11. Mature leaves completely covered with stellate or lepidote hairs.

12. Bracteoles inconspicuous, c1 mm long, caducous

. . . . . .

Tetrazygia 12. Bracteoles 2, 6-12 mm long, persistent nearly to anthesis

. . .

Miconia dodecandra and M. rnirabilis

145

Alternate Key (by A.C. Nicolson)

1. Branchlets and inflorescences with tufts of hair at nodes.

2. Flowers 4-merous; anthers rimose (slits)

. . .

Charianthus purpureus 2. Flowers 5-merous; anthers with apical pores

. . .

Miconia globuliflora 3 . Herbs.

1. Branchlets glabrous or with vesture not localized at nodes.

4.

4. Leaves thicker, pubescent or scabrous; inflorescence not as above.

Leaves thin, glabrous; inflorescence diffuse, branches filiform

. . . . . .

Nepsera aquatica 5. Leaves large (>5 cm), 5-veined; inflorescences not glomerulate; hypan- thium with simple hairs

. . .

Clidemia 5. Leaves small (c4 cm), 3-veined; inflorescence glomerulate: hypanthium with stalked hairs

. . .

Pterolepis glomerata 3. Shrubs or trees.

6 . Calyx limb calyptrate.

7. Stamens many

. . .

Conostegia 7. Stamens 1 0 .

. . .

Miconia striata

146 MEIASTQMATACEAE SMlTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY

6. Calyx limb not calyptrate.

8. Flowers with conspicuous bracts.

9. Leaves 3-veined, glabrous; flowers with 2 pairs of bracts, 6-merous

. . .

Blakea pulverulenta 9. Leaves 5-veined; stellate pubescent beneath; flowers with 1 pair of bracts,

5-6-merous

. . .

Miconia 10. Leaves thy, <1 cm long.

. . .

Tibouchina ornatu 10. Leaves >1 cm long.

11. Hypanthium densely setose with coarse, branched hairs; calyx lobes ovate, rigid, erect, persistent

. . .

Pterolepis glomerata 11. Hypanthium and calyx not as above.

12. Leaves large, >10 cm broad, l-9-veined

. . .

12. Leaves not as broad, 3-5-veined.

14. Plants hirsute; leaves 5-veined

. . .

Clidemia guadalupensis 14. Plants glabrous; leaves 3-veined

. . .

Henriettella latenflora 15. Mature leaves hirsute above

. . .

Clidemia 15. Mature leaves glabrous above.

8. Flowers without conspicuous bracts.

. . .

Graffenrieda latifolia 13. Inflorescences borne below leaves; flowers 4-merous.

13. Inflorescences terminal or in leaf axils; flowers 4-5-merous.

16. Mature leaves pubescent beneath, at least on veins.

17. Pubescence rusty; flowers 5-merous

. . .

Miconia 17. Pubescence white; flowers 4-merous.

18. Leaves 3-veined, elliptic; inflorescences pyramidal- paniculate

. . .

Miconia tetrandra 18. Leaves 3-5-veined, ovate-lanceolate; inflorescences

corymbiform

. . .

Tetrazygia 19. Leaves

*

sessile (petiole 5 mm); base rt cordate

. . .

. . .

Miconia ernstii 19. Leaves distinctly petioled; base rounded, at most.

20. Leaves 3-veined

. . .

Miconia 20. Leaves 5-veined.

21. Anthers h o s e (slit)

. . .

Charianthus 21. Anthers with apical pores

. . .

Miconia 16. Mature leaves glabmus beneath.

Blakea Browne Blakea pulverulenta

Btakm pulverulenta Vahl, 1794,3:61.--Domin, 19306:44.

B l a b lawifolio Naudin. 1852143.

Lavande.

Epiphytic shrub or tree to 8 m; leaves 3-veined, glabrous, coriaceous, ovate to obovate, short-acuminate, base tapering, to 10 cm x 5 cm; petiole to 1.5 cm; flowers large, fragrant 6-merous, 1 or 2 per axil; pedicel to 4 cm; 4 large bracts to 1.3 cm enclosing bud; sepals 4 mm; petals 1 cm, pink; stamens 12, creamy yellow.

Lesser Antilles and Trinidad; locally abundant in moist forests at mid-elevations (400-800 m) of Dominica: Bells (Whitefoord 6143), Boiling Lake (Eggers 614 at

GH),

Deux

Branches (Hodge 3467, _Howard 11773),

En

Haut Jean (Webster 13526), Freshwater Lake (Whitefoord 3854), Laudat (Lloyd 190), Lisdara (Hodge 2368, 2482), Morne Micotrin (Ernst 1472, Gillis 8162, Wilbur 7424), Morne Plat Pays (Gillis 8111), Riversdale (Howard 11773), South Chiltern (Stern &

Wasshamen 2488). Flowering March-July.

Charianthus D. Don

1. Branchlets and petioles k setose; leaves k rugose, white-scurfy beneath along veins

. . .

C. purpureus 1. Plants not setose; leaves not rugose, glabrescent.

2. Leaves coriaceous, veins often red beneath; inflores- cence a paniculate cyme; flowers large (petals >1 cm 2. Leaves not coriaceous, veins not reddish; inflorescence

long)

. . . ^C.

alpinus

NUMBER 77 MELASTOMA’Ii4CEAE 147 a corymbose cyme; flowers smaller (petals <0.8 cm)

. . .

C. corymbosus Charianthus alpinus

Charianthus alpinur (Swam) Howard, 1972:401.

Melastoma alpinwn Swam, 1788:71,”alpina.”

Melastoma coccinewn L Richard, 1792:109, “coccinea.”

Charianthus coccineus Hodge, 1941:121.

Richard) D. Don, 1823:328.--Domin, 1930b37.-

Shrub or small tree to 10 m; leaves 5-veined (veins sometimes reddish), ovate-lanceolate, attenuate, base acute to obtuse, dark punctate-glandular beneath, to 12 cm x 6 cm;

petiole to 3 cm; inflorescence to 7 cm; flowers bright red;

hypanthium to 5 mm; calyx to 3 cm, wavy-lobed, persistent;

petals to 1.3 cm; stamens long-exserted, style 2.3 cm; berry k globose, 8 mm, red but turning black, on 2 mm pedicel.

Endemic from Guadeloupe to St. Vincent; on Dominica, an infrequent understory tree at mid- to upper elevations: Bernard Estate (Wasshausen & Ayensu 363), Morne Anglais (Hodge 516), Morne Couronne (Webster 13212), Morne Trois Pitons (Ernst 1499, 2025), Pont Cass6 (Skog 1580, _Wilbur 7788).

Collected in flower May-August and in fruit in June-July.

Charianthus corymbosus

Charianthus corymbosus (L. Richard) Cogniaux in A.L. & A.C. Candolle, Melastoma corymbosum L. Richard, 1792: 109, “corymboso.”

Charianthus longfolius Cogniaux in A.L. and A.C. Candolle, 1891,7:715.- 1891,7:714.--Domin, 1930b337.

Domin, 1938:37.

Cre-cre.

Shrubby tree to 5 m; leaves 5-veined, ovate-lanceolate, apex attenuate to acuminate, base obtuse to cuneate, glabrescent, gland dots, if present, brownish and inconspicuous, to 19 cm x 11 cm; petioles to 8 cm; inflorescences to 15 cm, long- peduncled; hypanthium 3 mm, sepals 2 mm, both dark red;

petals to 8 mm, pinkish; anthers and style to 11 mm, shortly exserted; fruit globose, purple, 6 mm.

Endemic from Guadeloupe to Martinique; locally frequent on Dominica at mid-elevations (300-900 m): Baiac (White- foord 3784), Deux Branches (Hodge 3436), Dleau Gommier (Ernst 1664), Laudat-Freshwater Lake area (Beard 236, _Burch 1383A, Chambers 2557, Gillis 81 70, Kimber 955, King 6387, Nicolson 1829, _Smith 10227, _Wilbur 8359), Layou River

heights (Stehle 6331), Lisdara (Hodge 2451), Morne Anglais (Hodge 2256), Morne Colla Anglais (Hodge 515), Mome Negres Marrons (Hodge 1066), Morne Nicholls (Hodge 1931), South Chiltern (Stern & Wasshamen 2507, Sylvania (Cooper 31, 79, Hodge 515,1310), Trafalgar Falls (Ernst 1080, Hodge 2021), sine loc. (Eggers 984, Imray 196,

E).

Flowering and fruiting erratically throughout the year.

Hodge (1941:124-127) described three varieties of this species and reported var. typicus at low elevations and longifolius (at mid- to upper elevations) from Dominica,

differentiated on the basis of leaf-shape, as well as altitude.

Most of the material at US and GH falls loosely in var.

longifolius. The species apparently hybridizes with C. pur- pureus.

Charianthus purpureus var. rugosus

Charianthuspurpureus D. Don var. rugosus Hodge, 1941:130.

Cre-cre rouge.

Dense shrub to 6 m; twigs setaceous, especially at nodes;

leaves strongly rugose, veins beneath white-furfuraceous, ovate, short-apiculate, base rounded to obtuse, margins levolute and distally crenulate, to 9 cm x 5 cm; petioles Muraceous, grooved above, setaceous along edge of grooves, to 2 cm; corymbose cyme short-pedunculate, 8 cm; hypan- thium Muraceous, to 4 mm; sepals to 3 mm; petals 1 cm, scarlet; anthers barely exserted; fruits purple, globose, 6 mm.

Species on the Leeward Islands and Grenada: this variety endemic to Dominica and best developed at summits:

Freshwater Lake (Hodge 1751), Morne au Diable (Beard 1474), Morne Micotrin (Hodge 1850), Nicolson 1980), Mome Trois Pitons (Ernst 1215, 2037A, _Hodge 509, 1421 (type of var.), Kimber 985, _Wilbur 8080).

The description is based on the materials cited above. Other materials from lower elevations or not on exposed ridges often deviate and begin to lack the distinctive revolute margins and the strong rugose character, perhaps hybridizing with C.

corymbosus (* = hybrids?): Freshwater Lake (Ernst 1784*, King 23*, Smith 10227A, Wilbur 7407*), Morne Diablotins (Chambers 2642*, Whitefoord 5308*), Morne Micotrin (Chambers 2557A, _DeFilipps 153, Wasshausen & Ayensu 31 7, 334), Morne Plat Pays (Hodge 1685).

Howard (1989, 5541) treated this variety as a full synonym of C . purpureus, commenting that “an extreme form with rugose or bullate leaves, but at lower elevations this intergrades with material he [Hodge] called var. brevisetosus [of Gre- Mda]

.”

Clidemia D. Don

1. Flowers 5-merous; calyx-teeth >2 mm long, petals over 5 mm

. . .

C. hirta 1. Flowers 4-merous; floral parts more minute.

2. Leaves ovate-lanceolate to elliptic, <7 cm broad 2. Leaves broadly ovate, >8 cm broad

. . . .

C. umbrosa

. . .

C. guadalupensis

Clidemia guadalupensis

Clidomia guadalupensis (A.P. Candolle) Grisebach, 1857:70.--Domin, Melastoma verticillatum Vahl, 1797, Eclog.. 1 :47, “verticillata,” non Miller.

CIidemia verticillata A.P. Candolle, 1828, 3:16O.-Danin, 1930b:43.

Sagraea guacialupenris A.P. Candolle, 1828,3:170.

Sagraea tetragona A.P. Candolle, 1828,3:171.

1938343.

148 MEIAST~MATACEAE SMlTHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY Clidemia guadalupensis var. verticillato (A.P. Candolle) Stehle & Quentin in

[Clidemia tetrogona (A.P. Candolle) Foumet, 1!T78:912. nom. invalid. (Art.

S t d d et al.. 1949,3:78.

33.2, ICBN).]

Shrub to 3 m, sometimes epiphytic; branches rusty- pubescent to glabrescens leaves Sveined, scabrous above, k hirsute on veins beneath, elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, attenuate, base rounded to obtuse, to 25 cm x 7.5 cm; petiole to 4.5 cm;

inflorescence racemose, often “sheltered” beneath leaf-blades, to 8 cm, few-flowered, arising from nodes and leaf-mils the whole length of stems; flower to 5 mm, white; fruit to 6 mm, dark blue.

Guadeloupe; occasionally common on Dominica in wet forests at mid- to upper elevations (450-1200 m): Bois Diable area (Wilbur 8150), Dleau Gommier (Ernst 1189), Mome Anglais (Wilbur 7963, Mome Couronne (Ernst 1983), Morne Diablotins (Webster 13323), Mome Micotrin (Smith 10271, Webster 13261A, Wilbur 7396), Morne Trois Pitons _(Ernst 2038, 2052, Hodge I210), Mosquito Mountain (Webster 13546), sine loc. (Imray 21 7 at K, photo at GH). Collected in flower and fruit from March to August.

Clidemia hirta

Clidemio hirto (Linnaeus) D. Don, 1823:309.-Danin, 193Ob:42.

Melostoma hirtwn Linnaeus. 1753:390, “hirto.”

Melostoma elegons Aublet. 1175:427.

Clidemio hirto var. elegonr (Aublet) Grisebach, 1860:247.

Rangout.

Weedy, long-hirsute shrub to 2 m; leaves heined, broad-ovate, acuminate, base rounded to cordate, margin f crenate, to 15 cm x 8.5 cm; few-flowered, hypanthium 3 mm, calyx 3 mm, lobed, persistent; petals 8 mm, white, anthers 6 mm, white or yellow; fruit hirsute, dark blue, 3 mm x 5 mm.

Neotropics; common in woods and roadsides of Dominica at low to mid elevations: Bellevue (King 6304), Castle Bruce Road (Cowun 1620), Clarke Hall (Gates Clarke 012, Webster 13198, Wilbur 7366, Concord area (Norstog 3367), Cote d’Or (Nicolson 2055), Deux Branches (Chambers 2505, Ernst 1804), Grand Bay (Wilbur 7607,8024), La Chaudiere (Hodge 3690), La Plaine area (King 6369, Whitefoord 5367, Wilbur 81 76), Laudat-Freshwater Lake (Gillis 8185), Morne Brules of Portsmouth (Hodge 520), Syndicate (Whitefoord 3548). Flow- ering and fruiting continuously.

CIidemia umbrosa

Clidemia wnbroso (Swanz) Cogniaux in A.L. & A.C. Candolle, 1892, Melastomo wnbraswn Swam, 1188:72, %nbroso.”

Mekwiomo katifdiwn Desrousseaux in Lamarck, 1197, Encycl., 431, “katifo- Clidemia lotifolio (Desrousseaux) A.P. Candolle, 1828.3: 159.

7 10 19.--Domin, 1930b43.

lio

.

^”

Shrub to 3 m, long-hirsute; leaves h e i n e d , margin finely crenulate, broad-ovate, acuminate, base rounded, to 31 cm x 21

cm; petiole to 14 cm; axillary inflorescence to 13 cm in fruit, sparsely flowered; flowers tiny, greenish; hypanthium 2 mm, calyx 0.5 mm, style 4 mm; fruit hirsute, purple, 5 mm.

Lesser Antilles;

*

^{common on Dominica in disturbed}

rainforest, 100-700 m: Bois Diable area (Wilbur 7834), Deux Branches (Ernst 1805, Hodge 2993, Fond Figues River (Ernst 101

3,

Freshwater Lake (King 6380), Hampstead (Lloyd 638), La Chaudiere (Hodge 3560), L’Imprevue (Nurodny s.n.), Laudat (Hodge I756), Lisdara (Hodge 581,

IOIO),

Magua (Stehle 634), Morne Gombo (Hodge 99,529), PontCasse area (Ernst 1284, Wilbur 7539, Providence Valley (Hodge 2048), South Chiltem (Hodge 1481), Springfield (King 6331, Wilbur 7703), Sylvania (Cooper 27, 27A, Hodge 519), Syndicate (Whirefoord 3530, 4380). Apparently flowering and fruiting continuously

.

Conostegia

D.

Don

1. Leaves saigulose; calyptra rounded

. . .

C. icosandra 1. Leaves glabrous; calyptra pointed

. . . . . .

C. montana

Conostegia icosandra

Conostegio icosondra (Wikstrom) Urban, 1921c:404.

Metastoma icosondrwn Swartz ex Wikstrom, 182864, “icosondro.”

Conostegio subhirsufa A.P. Candolle, 1828.3: 174.--Domin. 1930b36.

CrB-crB grand feuilles.

Tree to 9 m; leaves (3-)5-veined, shigulose above, stellate-pubescent along veins beneath, elliptic, short- acuminate, base obtuse to acute, to 15 cm x 7 cm; petiole 1-2 cm; young growth hirsute with long stellate hairs; paniculate cyme to 12 cm; buds k globose, 8 mm x 6 mm; hypanthium 5 mm; petals to 8 mm, creamy; ripe fruit bluish, globose, 8 mm.

Neotropics; locally common on Dominica at low and mid-elevations: Bataca (Stehle 61 03), La Chaudieree (Hodge 3618 at GH), Roseau Valley Waterfalls (Hodge 2010), sine loc.

(Imruy 113 at NY).

Conostegia montana

Conostegio montono (Swam) D. Don ex A.P. Candolle, 1828,3:115.

Mekastomo montonwn Swam, 1788:69, “montono.”

Melastom colyptrotwn Desrousseaux in Lamarck, 1797, Encycl., 451, Conostegio colyptroto (Desrousseaux) D. Don ex A.P. Candolle, 1828.

“calyp t rat0 ^~

3:174.--Domin, 1930b36.

Cre-cre bois, cre-cre blanc.

Shrub or small tree to 7 m; leaves h e i n e d , glabrous, elliptic or oblong, short-acuminate, base acute to obtuse, to 22 cm x 8 cm; petiole 2-6 cm; paniculate cyme to 15 cm, many-flowered;

buds cylindric with conical top, 6 mm x 3 mm; hypanthium to 4 mm; petals 4-7 mm; berry blackish, globose, 5 mm.

Antilles; common in Dominica at mid-upper elevations, 400-1200 m: Boeri Lake (Whitefoord 4153), Carib Reserve

NUMBER 77 MELASToMAWCEAE 149 (Stehleb 6101, 6 1 0 3 , Castle Bruce road (Cowan 1622), Deux Miconia Ruiz & Pav6n

Branches (Chambers 2763, Ernst 1807, Hodge 3126,3441), La Chaudiere (Hodge 3570), Laudat (Beard 1467, Eggers 621 at GH, s.n., Hodge 1985, Lloyd 188), Lisdara (Hodge 2350), Milton Estate (Hodge 2579), Morne Anglais (Wilbur 7957), Morne Couronne (Webster 13206, 13223, 13230), Morne Diablotins (Webster 13325), Morne Negres Marrons (Hodge 1059), Morne Micotrin (Ernst 1768, 2175, Chambers 2563, 2570, Kimber 949, Nicolson 1992, Stern & Wasshausen 2572, Wilbur 7427), Morne Plat Pays (Wilbur 7879), Mahaut River (Proctor 17512), Pont Casse area (Ernst 1288, Hodge 1197, Webster 13387, Wilbur 7565). Sylvania (Cooper 95, Hodge 3972), Syndicate (Ernst 2000, Whitefoord 4355, 5 5 7 3 , sine loc. (Zmray I75 at GH).

Graffenrieda A.P. Candolle Graffenrieda latcfolia

Graffenriedo lotifolia (Naudin) Triana, 1871:71.-Domin, 1930b:36.

Cycnopodiwn lotifolium Naudin, 184552.

Miconia catalpifolia Kriinzlin, 1931:153.

Tree to 9 m; twigs stout with conspicuous leaf scars; leaves 7-9-veined, broadly ovate to orbicular, short-acuminate, base obtuse, to 20 cm x 20 cm; petiole to 13 cm; panicle terminal, to 30 cm; hypanthium 2.5 mm, sepals 1.5 mm, petals to 5 mm, white; capsule 4 mm x 2.5 mm, ribbed, k urceolate.

Lesser Antilles to northern South America; at mid- to upper elevations (400-800 m) on Dominica: Bois Diable Ridge (Stern & Wasshausen 2 5 4 3 , Castle Bruce Road (Cowan 1600), Diablotins (Lloyd 907), En Haut Jean (Webster 13508), Laudat (Eggers 750), Mome Micomn (Burch 1363, Ernst 1724, Webster 13240), Mome Plat Pays (Hodge 1739), Pont Casse (Ernst 1127, Wilbur 7764), Sylvania (Cooper 120, Hodge 517, 3852, 3971), sine loc. Krauss s.n., E). Flowering April-July, fruiting June-July.

Henriettella Naudin Henriettella laterifora

Henriettella 1aterifTora (Vahl) Triana, 187 1 :144.-Domin, 1930b:44.

Melastoma lateriflorum Vahl, 1797, Eclog., 1 :48, “lateriflora.”

Ossaea lateriflora (Vahl) A.P. Candolle, 1828.3:169.

Henriettea 1aierifIora (Vahl) Howard [ex Foumet, 1978:914. nun. invalid.

(Art. 33.2)] & Kellogg, 1986:246.-Howard, 1988:286.

Small tree to 7 m; leaves clustered at ends of branches, glabrous, 3-veined, elliptic, acuminate, base attenuate, to 6.5 cm x 2.5 cm; petiole 1.5 cm; flowers 4-merous, clustered at nodes below leaves, few per cluster; pedicels 1 cm; hypanthium and calyx green, 2 mm; corolla 3 mm, white, calyptrate.

Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Martinique; collected in Dominica only in vicinity of Freshwater Lake, 800 m: (Eggers 638 at GH, Ernst 2163, sine loc. (Imray 190,330 at GH). Young flower in

August.

Miconia cornifolia (Desrousseaux) Naudin (incl. Miconia cinnamomifolia (Jacquin) Triana, non Naudin), another Lesser Antillean endemic species, was reported for Dominica by Cogniaux (in A.L. and A.C. Candolle, 1891, 7:765) and Howard (1989, 5:557). This may involve misidentification of Dominican material of variable M. stnata (Vahl) Cogniaux.

Miconia cornifolia has distinctly larger flowers and a calyptrate calyx. Fruiting specimens are difficult to distinguish.

Miconia splendens (Swartz) Grisebach (18m.256) was reported from Dominica by Grisebach (l.c.), based on an Imray collection. The range of this species seems to exclude the Lesser Antilles. This record may be a misidentification, perhaps of M . trichotoma or M . furfuracea.

1. Mature leaf-blades glabrous beneath.

2. Branchlets and inflorescences with tufts of hairs at 2. Branchlets and inflorescences not as above.

3. Leaves 3-veined, usually >15 cm long.

4. Leaves .t sessile, base k cordate; petiole 0.5 cm

. . .

^{M .} ernstii 4. Leaves clearly petioled, base rounded (at most);

petiole >1 cm.

5 . Flowers 5-merous, mid-sized (petals >5 mm);

leaf-apex long-attenuate

. . . ^M.

stria&

5 . Flowers 4-merous, minute (petals to 1 mm);

leaf-apex acuminate to short-attenuate

. . .

^{M .} trichotoma 6. Leaves small (c6 cm), apex blunt-apiculate

. . .

M. mornicola 6. Leaves large (>6 cm), apex attenuate to acumi-

nate.

7. Leaf-margins usually revolute; sepal lobes round with a dorsal lobed spine.

. . .

. . .

M . coriacea 7. Leaf-margins not revolute; sepals triangular, spine indistinct or wanting

. . ^M.

globulifora nodes

. . .

M. globuliflora

3. Leaves 5-veined, usually c 11 cm long.

1. Mature leaf-blades pubescent beneath, at least on veins.

9. Leaf-veins pubescent above and beneath; margins crenate-setose; flowers minute

. . . .

M . racemosa 9. Leaf-veins glabrous above; margins entire or serrate;

flowers not minute.

10. Flowers large (petals 7 mm); leaves broadly ovate-elliptic, apex acuminate, margins entire

. . .

M . futfuracea 10. Flowers small (petals 3 mm); leaf ovate- lanceolate, apex attenuate, margins serrate with sparse setae

. . .

M. laevigata 8. Leaves pubescent beneath only on veins.

8. Leaves pubescent on and between veins.