PENUTUP
3.1 Kesimpulan
Flavonoid adalah metabolit sekunder dari polifenol, ditemukan secara luas pada tanaman serta makanan dan memiliki berbagai efek bioaktif termasuk anti virus, anti-inflamasi, kardioprotektif, antidiabetes, anti kanker, anti penuaan, antioksidan dan lain-lain. Senyawa flavonoid adalah senyawa polifenol yang mempunyai 15 atom karbon yang tersusun dalam konfigurasi C6-C3-C6, artinya kerangka karbonnya terdiri atas dua gugus C6 (cincin benzena tersubstitusi) disambungkan oleh rantai alifatik tiga karbon. Struktur senyawa flavonoid secara biosintesis berasal dari penggabungan jalur sikimat C6-C3 (cincin A) dan jalur asetat malonat. Adapun klasifikasi dari flavonoid yaitu: true flavonoids (2-phenylbenzopyrans), isoflavonoids (3-benzopyranes) dan neoflavonoids (2-benzopyranes). Penggolongan flavonoid berdasarkan jenis ikatan, yaitu flavonoid o-glikosida, flavonoid c-glikosida, biflavonoid dan flavonoid sulfat.
Setiap tumbuhan umumnya mengandung satu atau lebih senyawa kelompok flavonoid dan memiliki komposisi kandungan flavonoid yang khas. Flavonoid terdapat hampir di semua bagian tumbuhan, seperti daun, akar, kulit tepung sari, nektar, bunga, buah dan biji.
3.2 Saran
Sebaiknya, untuk memahami lebih dalam lagi mengenai karakteristik metabolit sekunder flavonoid, harus membaca lebih banyak literatur serta jurnal- jurnal terbaru terkait materi ini agar mendapatkan wawasan yang lebih luas.
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