Research Procedure - RESEACH METHOD - the influence of students' educational background

CHAPTER III RESEACH METHOD

F. Research Procedure

In concucting this research, there are three research phase procedure as folows:

a. Phase of pre-field

1) The researher arranged of research proposal

2) The researher took a research permission with related institution start from university, the head master of SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung and English Teacher.

b. Phase of research 1) Gathered data

After the phase of pre-field done, the researcher started to gathered the data, including conducted and interview and

observation. This phase conducted in the eleventh grade of SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung and took the English classroom.

2) Direct research in the field

a) During the research process, the researcher interviewed subjects of the research in SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung.

b) After interviewed the subjects, the researcher observed students speaking performance in English class to clarified the subjects statements during the interview and the their speaking performance by taking an observation sheet and field notes.

3)

Data identification

After conducted the research, then the researcher identified the data. Data that collect from interview, observation and field note was identified so can be easier in data analyzing.

c.

Phase of final research

Last phase from this research is data presentation that suitable with original in description and then analyzing data that concern to theories and purpose that want to be reached. Here, based on the data found during the research, the researcher then arranged to analyze the data and draw the conclusion.

54 CHAPTER III

CHAPTER III DIMINTA UNTUK DIUBAH AGAR SESUAI DENGAN PROBLEM STATEMENT YANG DI CHAPTER I

55 CHAPTER IV

FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

A. Findings

This study tried to describe the influence of the students‟ educational background toward their English speaking ability in term of accuracy and fluency.

Hence, educational background is the students‟ experience that has been obtained from a learning program. These experiences can be in the form of certain knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Therefore, this research would like to find out wheter the different educational backgrounds will lead to the development of different knowledge in which the development of knowledge occurs in accordance with the learning experiences that have been obtained. Therefore, this research is limited to found out the correlation between educational background and students‟

speaking ability in the field of speaking in English Classroom in SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung. In this research, the researcher will focus on the students‟ speaking ability in term of accuracy (grammar and vocabulary) and in term of fluency (self-confidence) at the eleventh grade students of SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung.

The following tables show the students‟ English scores from both educational background, SMA and MA.

Table 4.1 The Result of Observation toward the Students‟ Speaking Ability Indicators The Students’ Speaking Ability

Low Good Very Good 1. Accuracy

a. Vocabulary 2 4 0

b. Grammar 5 1 0

2. Fluency 5 1 0

Based on the table 4.1 shows that after observed the students‟ English speaking ability at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung, most of the students were still faced by the difficulties of speaking. It was because the students‟ lack of practice in speaking that influence their ability in term of speaking accuracy and fluency.

The table 4.1 shows that there were 2 students that got low speaking accuracy in term of vocabulary and 4 students got good speaking accuary in term of vocabulary. Moreover, mone of the students got a very good speaking ability after observing their performance. Beside, most of the students‟ still shown a grammatical error while speak in front of the class and there was 1 students‟ that has a good grammar performance while speaking. Moreover, related to the students‟ speaking fluencly most of the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung were not fluent in speaking.

Based on the interview that conducted in SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung, the researcher found the findings of this research related to the students English speaking ability that influence by their educational background as follows:

a. The first indicator of the interview, the researcher asked about the students‟ formal educational background. Based on the purpose of this research, the researcher interviewed six students including two students‟ with a high speaking performance, two students with an average speaking performance and two students‟ with low speaking performance. It was because the researcher would like to find out the influence of the students‟ educational background toward their English ability especially in their speaking skill.

Based on the interview with S1 related to their experience in learning english either formal or informal education, she said that:

“I have studied English formally in school but for the non- formal I have never studied.” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

In addition, related to the first indicator of the interview, S2 said that:

“Yes, I have studied English formally from junior high school but I have never studied English in non-formal classes” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Moreover, related to the first indicator of the interview, S3 said that:

“Yes, I have studied English both formally non-formal classes” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the interview with S4 related to their experience in learning english either formal or informal education, he said that:

“Yes, I have studied English and always studied formally but seldom study in non-formal classes” (Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

In addition, based on the interview with S5 related to their experience in learning english either formal or informal education, she said that:

“Yes, I taught English from the first grade at junior high school until now. I studied english formally.” Source:

Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Lastly, related to the first indicator question, S6 said that:

“Yes ... I studied English at school and also took an English course” Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the students answer related to their experience in learning English, all of the students‟ have studied English formally but not all the students‟ studied english in non formall class. Therefore, it can be known that the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung had an English educational backgroud.

b. The second indicator is about whether or not there is an influence of the students‟ educational background toward their English ability especially their speaking skill.

Based on the interview with S1 related to the influence of educational background, she said that:

“It is influence our English skill including we can speak English” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

In addition, related to the second indicator of the interview, S2 said that:

“Yes, because the students have English educational background, it influence their English because in English classes we can practice to speak” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Moreover, related to the second indicator of the interview, S3 said that:

“Yes, there is a significant influence” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung) Based on the interview with S4 related to influence in learning english either formal or informal education, he said that:

“It is really influence toward our English because in English class we were trained to speak English” (Source:

Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

In addition, based on the interview with S5 related to influence in learning english either formal or informal education, she said that:

“Yes, it is really influence toward our English because we always learn English in school” (Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Lastly, related to the second indicator question, S6 said that:

“I think it is influential because as long as I study English in school we used to sruh up to read dialogue or speak

English in front of friends” Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the students answer related to the influence of educational background in learning English, all of the students‟ said that the educational background influence their English skill.

c. The third indicator is about the influence of the students‟ educational background toward their English ability especially their speaking skill in term of fluency.

Based on the interview with S1 related to the influence of educational background, she said that:

“If in formal education it certainly affects speaking fluency because we study at school learning speaking so we can learn there speaking fluency” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

In addition, related to the third indicator of the interview, S2 said that:

“If the educational background is formal or non-formal until now it has not been influential because I am not too fluent in speaking English, just a little at a time, yes or no” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Moreover, related to the third indicator of the interview, S3 said that:

“The effect is very influential because if we learn in formal education our English will automatically improve and our English fluency increases but for me it is not yet able to speak English fluency because my English fluency is still below standard” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the interview with S4 related to influence of educational in learning english, he said that:

“Yes, it is influential in formal education but for myself not yet fluent in English” (Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

In addition, based on the interview with S5 related to influence of educational in learning, she said that:

“Maybe at the moment it is influential but for me personally not yet fluent in saying the word maybe there is only one word that I understand” (Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Lastly, related to the third indicator question, S6 said that:

“I do not know because for a long time I have learned English I can not be said to be fluent in speaking but if little I know the meaning” Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the students answer related to the influence of educational background in learning English in term of fluency, most of the students‟ agree that the educational background influence their English skill but there still a problem in learning English because the students cannot transfer the meaning between English and the target language that caused the sometimes did not understand and unable to speak English. But so far, the educational background can influence their english because they can practice on it and get used to it.

d. The last indicator is about the influence of the students‟ educational background toward their English ability especially their speaking skill in term of accuracy.

Based on the interview with S1 related to the influence of educational background, she said that:

“Toward the formal education we learn about the accuracy of speaking but so far I have not been able to pronounce English fluently and still lack of grammar ability” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

In addition, related to the fourth indicator of the interview, S2 said that:

“I am not sure on it, because I still confused about the grammatical used” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Moreover, related to the fourth indicator of the interview, S3 said that:

“The influence related to accuracy is little because, I am confused about grammar but I know and memorize some vocabulary. ” (Source : Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the interview with S4 related to influence of educational in learning english, he said that:

“It has an effect on formal education because we learn to speak English appropriately and accuartly” (Source:

Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

In addition, based on the interview with S5 related to influence of educational in learning, she said that:

“There is influence of educational background toward our English ability especially in accuray because the teacher teached out about it and we can inmplemented it eventhought just a little” (Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Lastly, related to the fourth indicator question, S6 said that:

“I still confused to speak accuratly especially for the pronunciation” (Source: Interview with the students at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the students answer related to the influence of educational background in learning English in term of accuracy, most of the students‟ agree that the educational background is not really influence their English skill especially their accuracy in speaking due to the lack of grammar and they confused to pronounce the English words.

Moreover, to get the deep data related to the influence of the educational background toward the students‟ English ability the researcher verify the students‟ statements and the researcher observasion result with the English teacher of SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung. Here, the researcher conducted interview as follows:

a. The first indicator of the interview, the researcher asked about the students‟ formal educational background that influence the students‟

English learning achievements. Based on the interview the English teacher, she said that:

“Educational background will affect the ability of English in students. where students who have sufficient and adequate language provisions will easily digest the lessons that will be taught by the teacher. students who already have a good basic English will easily understand the lessons and vice versa students who are not having basic English will be difficult to take lessons because they do not understand.”

(Source: Interview with the English Teacher at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the statement of the teacher related to the students‟

experience in learning English, the students‟ who already thought English in previous school or taking an English course were shown a better performance in English compared with the other students.

b. The second indicator is the influence of the students‟ educational background toward their English ability especially their fluency in speaking, she said that:

“Basically students who often use English will be able to communicate well because they are get used to it. They will inadvertently practice their speaking skills more fluently because they are accustomed to speak English. As for the fluency of speaking students are not influenced by previous educational backgrounds it all depends on whether students are accustomed to speak or communicate using English.”

(Source: Interview with the English Teacher at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the interview with the English teacher related to the influence of educational background toward the students‟ fluency in speaking, it can be known that the students‟ who took an English course or already though English in previous school (Junior High School) will be easly in learning English especially can be fluent to speak but not as good as the other who leant English optimally. At least, they want to try to speak in front of the class to express their ideas even thought they still combain it with Bahasa Indonesia.

c. The third indicator is the influence of the students‟ educational background toward their English ability especially their accuracy in speaking, she said that:

“Most students say a word or sentence based on what they read and hear. it is very rare for them to check whether the word they say is correct or not. there may be a number of them. Even so few intend to read or pronounce correctly so try to find out how to read or speak correctly using a dictionary or translator.” (Source: Interview with the English Teacher at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the statement of the English teacher related to the influence of educational background in learning English in term of accuracy, the teacher agree that the educational background influence their English skill but there still a problem in learning English especially for their accuracy to speak because the students cannot transfer the meaning between English and the target language that caused the sometimes did not understand and unable to speak English. Moreover, the the students‟ accuracy is till low because they do not master grammar as well.

In addition, she adds that:

“Perhaps the educational background has some effect on the accuracy of speaking students if they really pay attention to the lesson when learning English in the past. It is because at junior high school students usually read dialogues and English stories in front of the class.” (Source: Interview with the English Teacher at SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung)

Based on the English answer related to the influence of educational background in learning English in term of accuracy, most of the students‟ agree that the educational background is not really influence their English skill especially their accuracy in speaking due to the lack of grammar and they confused to pronounce the English words.

66 B. Discussion

Based on the result of the findings mentioned previously, it can be clarified that the students‟ educational background influence the students‟

learning process but there is no significant influence of the students‟

educational background toward the students‟ speaking ability in SMA Muhammadiyah Limbung. Thefore, further discussion of the findings can be described as follows:

1. The influence of students’ educational background toward their English speaking ability in term of accuracy.

The first indicator of this research is the influence of students‟

educational background toward their English speaking ability in term of accuracy. During the interview with the English teacher who thought English in the speaking class. The English teacher explained that the students‟ English educational background was really important to support the process of teaching speaking. She said that it could engage the students to be more creative and interactive in increasing their speaking ability through sharing ideas among the the students because the students already have a basic knowlegde of English that they learned in previous classes.

Moreover, they could also present their own ideas about the topic they want to talk. She continued that although the students are able to speak in the class and the activity demanded students to talk actively. They need to be more active than the teacher. But, some of the students looked difficult to speak actively. She noted that there were some problems faced by the

students in the speaking. One of the problems were the students had lack of confidence to talk in English because the students are lack of grammatical understanding and lack of vocabulary and made them embarased to talk. It was difficult to do interaction if they felt embarrassed to talk. Here, he tried to facilitate them to solve the problems by giving them new words and taught them how to use the words in speaking or conversation. Besides, the other problem faced was lack of motivation to speak. In this case, he tried to motivate them by giving an interesting topic.

For instance, in case of male students, he could give them the topic about the football. He believed that it could motivate them to speak and communicate among the students actively. also more creative in exploring their ideas and sharing it among them.

Furthermore, based on the students‟ explenation. Some students agree that their previous English class in Junior High School or in English course are help them in their current English class in Senior High School although the stiil confused with the grammatical rules and the vocabulary used but al least they can understand the lesson.

2. The influence of students’ educational background toward their English speaking ability in term of fluency.

The second indicator of this research is the influence of students‟

educational background toward their English speaking ability in term of fluency. Based on the interview with The Englsh teacher, she told that the students‟ English educational backround was very useful in teaching

Dalam dokumen the influence of students' educational background (Halaman 52-55)