CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
C. Research Variable
The variables in this study was teachers' strategies to overcome speaking problems, looking at students' problems in speaking, then how the teachers' strategies to overcome speaking problems. So, my focus here was to find out the teachers strategies to overcome speaking problem.
D. Research Instruments
In this research, the researcher used and observation, interview and recording as researcher instrument to collect the data.
Observation was to observe the teacher strategies to overcome speaking problem, Interview was one of the studies that were used to collect data about opinions, beliefs, and feelings about debate in their own words. Interview was conducted to answer the research problem. That was about teachers’ strategies to overcome speaking problem and what was the problem of speaking,Recorder wasto get data directly from the location of the study, by recording the contents of the interview when the teacher answer the first and second research problem then made a transcript according to the interview result.
E. Data Collection Procedure
Data collection in this study uses several technique, this is intended to obtain complete data, as follow :
1. Observation
The function of observation was a process of observing something or someone carefully to get information or proof the truth of a study.
Another fuction or the goals of observation was to describe an object and everyting relate to the object of research throught observation.
2. Interview
The duration of use in interviews teachers was 30 minutes which consists of five questions for teachers. of the five questions about teachers strategies to overcome speaking problem and what the problem in speaking. As for the types of questions in the interview using the open-ended technique. So that the teachers could respond freely.
3. Recorder
Each teachers will be recorder base on their answer and than those two teachers interview result will be transcripted.
F. Data Analysis Technique
1. The researcher analyzedthe results of the observation and interviews in the transcripts and by listening the audio recorder that has been taken which is still random that wereeasier to understand when continue the next analysis step.
2. Then the researcher made thetranscribe/summary in the simple description in narrative form.
3. After transcribing the next step was verification in narrative form with valid data and consistent evidence to make the reader easier to
understand the teachers’ strategies to overcome problems in speaking class at SMPN 2 Pangkajene.
27 CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSSION A. Research findings
The finding of the research data was accepted for submission of data obtained from research results. The researcher founded students' problems in speaking and teacher strategies to overcome speaking problem at SMPN 2 Pangkajene.
Teachers’ strategies to overcome speaking problem at SMPN 2 Pangkajene.
There are 3 strategies currently used by the teacher strategy to overcome speaking problem. They are :
1. Memorize vocabulary
Memorizing vocabulary was one way to increase the vocabulary that was owned, this method was very helpful for someone to overcome the problem of speaking. Based on these observations, researchers observed how the condition of students during the learning process, especially when learning English takes place. Observed was one method to get data through direct observation of how students are in class when learning English takes place. Based on observations about how the condition of students in class when learning English takes place, researcher founded there were some
students who were very enthusiastic about learning English and there were also some students who were less enthusiastic.
Based on the observation, researchers saw that students who lacked enthusiasm for learning were those who had obstacles in speaking to overcome these problems having several strategy or methods, one of the strategy for overcome speaking problems was to used memorized vocabulary methods, in the process of learning English, the teacher ask students to memorize vocabulary 5 to 10 at each meeting.
When conducted an interview with Mr.K, the question about what strategies to overcome students' speaking problems. Mr.K said that there were three strategies or methods used, namely memorized vocabulary and inquiry learning, and expository methods. But the method most often used was memorized vocabulary because this method really helps students to improve vocabulary. Memorizing vocabulary was a ticket for students to enter the class in learning English, if students do not memorized 5 to 10 vocabulary students cannot follow the English learning process, then students force themselves to memorize so they can follow the learning process.
2. Expository
Expository method was a learning method that was used by first giving a description of the definitions, principles and concepts of subject matter as well as providing examples of problem solving exercises in the form of lectures, demonstrations, questions and answers and assignments. Students follow the pattern set by the teacher carefully. The used of expository methods was a learning method that leads to the delivery of lesson content to students directly. Expository was a method that was often also used by teachers, it was proven when researcher do observed researchers see that when starting the learning process the teacher explains the topic or material to be conveyed, the teacher also gives examples of how to do the given task. After the teacher explains the topic or learning material students were given assignments to do and were expected to ask questions when they do not understand the assignments that have been given, in the learning process students were very active.
After observed the researcher also conducted interviews, during the interview process Mr.K said that the expository method was a strategy that was often used in the learning process, this method was very helpful in overcoming problems in speaking because students are trained to speak, students are required to be active in the learning process.
3. Inquiry learning
Inquiry learning was a way for students to think. This method places students in situations that involve them in intellectual activities. Although this method was centered on student activities, the teacher still plays an important role as a designer of learning experiences. The teacher must lead students to carry out activities. Sometimes the teacher needs to explain, guide the discussion, form groups, give instructions, the questions, provided comments and suggestions to students.
When making observations, the researcher founded that the strategies used by the teacher strategies to overcome speaking problem not only used the memorized vocabulary method but also used the inquiry learning method, the used of these strategies was evident during the learning process, students were very active role in the learning process, all student activities were directed to search for and find answers for yourself of something that was entrusted.
During the interviews with Mr.K, the question of what strategies were used to overcome students' speaking problems, Mr. K said that there are three strategies or method used namely memorizing vocabulary and inquiry learning, which are often associated with expository methods. Inquiry learning method was very helpful in increasing student confidence.
.
B. Discussion
This section presents a discussion based on research findings. The results of this descriptive study relate to answers to problem statements that aim to the teachers' strategies to overcome speaking problems.
1. What are the teachers' strategies to overcome problems in speaking class at SMPN 2 Pangkajene?
From the results of the study I got from observations in the classroom and interviews by the English teacher of SMPN 2 Pangkajene, Mr. K found that the problem experienced by students in speaking was a lack of student interest in learning because they had less vocabulary, some of their students wanted to appear or confidently appear in public or speak in public but it was difficult to express because they do not master vocabulary, from these problems the teacher applies a strategy in overcoming the problems of students in the classroom was inquiry related to the expository method.
Strategies inquiry was a method that emphasizes students to think critically looking for and find their own problems, the thought process itself was usually carried out by the question and answer process by the teacher and students themselves, while the expository was a learning method that was used by giving advance information about the definitions and concepts of subject matter as
well as giving examples of exercises in the form of lectures or questions and answers.
These strategies can overcome students' problems in speaking. This was proven by increasing students' knowledge and increasing students' vocabulary, students were also more confident when speaking in front of the class, from the application of inquiry and expository strategies, Mr. K also applies the strategy when learning process take place students were expected or required to memorize 5 to 10 vocabulary words, students were also expected to perform conversations with friends to be better trained in speaking English, as for weaknesses of inquiry learning Sometimes in implementing it, it takes a long time so the teacher was a little difficult to adjust it to predetermined time.
Learning with inquiry requires high student intelligence, if students are less intelligent the results of learning are less effective, the teacher was also required to change teaching habits that are generally as informers to be facilitators, motivators, and mentor students in learning. Because it was done as a group, it is possible that there are members who are less active. Learning will be less effective if the teacher does not master the class.
Sumantri (1999: 164), states that the inquiry method was a way of presenting lessons that give students the opportunity to find information with or without the help of the teacher. The inquiry method seeks to instill the basics of scientific thinking in students, and place students in a role that requires great
initiative in finding important things for themselves. According to Carin and Sund in Ahmadi (2005: 108), the inquiry method is defined as a series of learning activities that optimally involve all students' abilities to search for and investigate problems systematically, critically, logically, and analysis so that they can formulate their own findings withand selfconfidence. From the above theory explains that According to them inquiry is the process of defining and investigating problems, formulating hypotheses, designing experiments, finding data, and drawing conclusions of those problems. Furthermore, inquiry is structuring learning environments or environments that focus on students by providing adequate guidance in discovering scientific concepts and principles.
Basically, inquiry was a way to realize what has been experienced, because inquiry requires students to think. This method puts students in situations that involve them in intellectual activities. Although this method was centered on student activities, the teacher still plays an important role as a design maker of learning experiences. The teacher was obliged to lead students to carry out activities. Sometimes the teacher needs to explain, guide the discussion, give instructions, ask questions, provide comments and suggestions to students. From the above theory, it was very related to the research results that I got that, the strategies that Mr. R wasInquiry learning strategies with exposure andalso used methods or strategies that entice students in the learning process to memorized 5 to 10 vocabulary so that the mastery of students'
vocabulary increased related to the inquiry learning method which is the teacher explains the material to be given then students are formed in a group to do the given task the teacher, after being given the assignment, students were expected to discuss with classmates then present the results of the assignments.
35 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
This chapter presents the conclusion and suggestion of the research.
Conclusion summarizes the result of the research based on the research problem. So, in this chapter, summarizes the kinds of students’ speaking problem and the teacher strategies to overcome speaking problem at SMPN 2 Pangkajene.
A. Conclusion
Based on the results of the study, the researcher concluded that:
students at SMPN 2 Pangkajene face the problem of speaking, namely lack of interest in students learning English because of the lack of vocabulary students have, students lack confidence in speaking, as for teacher strategies to overcome speaking problems was inquiry and expository, these strategies can overcome student problems, the advantages of these strategies are students more active and more confident in speaking, in addition to strategies inquiries and expositoryMr.Kalso provides vocabulary memorization methods, each process of learning English takes place students were expected or required to memorize 5 to 10 vocabulary words, it was very helpful for students to overcome problems in speaking because it increases the vocabulary they have.
B. Suggestion 1. For teacher
For English teachers, they should always guide the students’ speaking activity by always giving motivation and habituating the students to often speak by using English language. The teachers also should give the best solving when the students face the problem especially the speaking skill, so that the students’ speaking ability will be improved.
2. For students
The students have to understand that speaking was important. So, the students should improve their speaking ability by doing speaking more often or make a speaking activity as a habit. The students also should change their mindset that English is difficult. It will make the students motivated to learn more about English language, especially on speaking skill.
3. For other researcher
This research was far from the perfectness, so for other researcher should toprepare well before and during the research. The other researcher also can conduct the research about the teachers’ strategies to overcome speaking problem at SMPN 2 Pangkajene, so that all of the students’ problems on English lesson can be analyzed and can be solved.
A
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INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR TEACHER 1. How are the students' conditions in the class english lesson?
(Bagaimana kondisi siswa di dalam kelasketika Pelajaran bahasa Inggris berlangsung? )
Answer: “the condition of students in the class is very conducive and some were also less enthusiastic to take English lessons because of lack of vocabulary in English owned by students ".
2. What is the speaking problem of students in learning process?
(Apa masalah berbicara yang siswahadapi dalam proses belajar?)
Answer: "The factors that cause the problem are the lack of use of English and the lack of vocabulary students have." Based on the results of the interview it can be concluded that the factors causing the problem were less usually the use of English”.
3. What is the teachers strategies to overcome speaking problemin the process of learning English?
(Strategi pembelajaran apa yang Anda gunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan berbicara ketika proses belajar bahasa Inggris sedang berlangsung?)
Answer: "When I teach English I used inquiry and expository strategies and used the lecture, discussion and question and answer methods. However, not only the strategies and methods that I use in learning English, I also use
strategies or methods that can help memorize vocabulary by asking students to memorize 5 or 10 English vocabularies and after memorizing students in told to make a sentence in accordance with the vocabulary that has been memorized earlier
4. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the strategy you use?
(Apa kelebihan atau kekurangan dari strategi yang Anda gunakan? )
Answer: The sadvantages of the strategy used were that students are more confident in performing or have increased English knowledge and increasing students' vocabulary, students were also more active. As for the drawbacks, if you use the inquiry strategy of the time that was used a lot and was difficult to apply when having many students, strategy inquiry was also difficult to apply when the teacher does not master the class.
5. Does the strategy that is used can overcome the difficulty of speaking in English lessons?
(Apakah strategi yang digunakan dapat mengatasi kesulitan berbicara dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris?)
Answer: , "the strategies I use can overcome students' problems because, as I see, there were many changes in students 'knowledge, students were more confident in speaking and students' vocabulary increases.
OBSERVATION CEKLIST Teacher: KamaruddinTuttu. S.pd,M.pd
Observer: NurHaliza
No Activities Yes No
1. The teacher starts the learning process with pray 2. The teacher introduce the topic before start teaching 3. The use of English in the classroom by teachers is
very frequent
4. The teacher gives an explanation the material until finish
5. The teacher divides students into groups when the learning process.
6. The teacher used media in teaching
7. The method used varies
8. Students have problems speaking in the learning process
9. The teacher have strategies in overcoming speaking problem
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