What I KNOW WANT to learn LEARNED
B. Review of the Related Findings
of the factors that influence the effectiveness of students’ reading speed.
Theoretically, positive attitude which is combined with sufficient teaching strategy and lot of practice will improve students’ reading speed. So, the strategy used in teaching reading and students’ reading attitude will influence the students’
reading speed. It is also said that the students’ reading attitude will influence the students’ interest and achievement in reading activity. The students who have high or more positive reading attitude will tend to be more eager to read rather than those who have low or negative reading attitude. So, later the students reading attitude would also influence the students’ reading speed skill.
Reading attitude is regarded as one of the factor that influences the effectiveness of students’ reading speed. So, even though the strategy that is used is the same, it may bring different effect with students with different reading attitude. Theoretically, the students who have low or negative reading attitude will tend to be less motivated to read even though they are given any kind of teaching strategy. So, teaching strategy will not give much influence toward students who have low reading attitude on their reading speed.
teachers become more responsive to students’ knowledge and interests when reading hortatory exposition material. This strategy also helpful for students to involve their active thinking in reading for information. As this research also work on hortatory exposition text, so it is expected that KWL strategy will develop the students reading skill, especially on their reading speed.
Indrayeni (2009) had conducted a classroom action research by using KWL strategy to overcome the problem on students’ reading comprehension. As the students have lack of reading strategy and the teacher also tend to use unvarious teaching strategy. Through applying this KWL strategy, the finding showed that it can help the students to gain a better reading comprehension. As this research showed that KWL strategy can help the students improve their reading comprehension, it is also expected that KWL strategy can help the students to enhance their reading speed too.
Fengjuan (2010) also had conducted a research on KWL strategy. Remain that KWL is an international reading strategy that widely used in reading classes in the USA but currently is given a little attention in the integrated English course.
So, he tried to integrate KWL reading strategy and writing strategy in English language teaching for non-English majors. The finding of his research showed that KWL strategy motivates active learning and instructing on the parts of both students and instructors.
While, the research that related to enhance students’ reading speed is a research from Fifi Eka Susanti (2009) entitled Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Kooperatif terhadap Hasil Belajar Membaca Cepat Siswa Kelas X SMAN 1
Curup. The objective of this research is to know the effect of cooperative learning method toward the students’ reading speed. Here, the researcher used group work activities as the activity of improving reading speed. It showed that the students had a greater motivation in improving their group or their own reading speed. The result of this research found that Cooperative Learning Method can improve student’s motivation in learning Reading Speed. It proves by the students’
effectiveness of reading speed in experimental class is significantly improved than the control class. Generally, the result of this research showed that cooperative learning can help students to gain better reading speed. However, the researcher will use another strategy that involved each individual student to be active reader and see the effectiveness of teaching strategy toward their reading speed.
The other study is entitled Peningkatan Keterampilan Membaca Cepat untuk Menemukan Ide Pokok dengan Teknik Skipping Ayunan Visual Siswa Kelas X.11 SMA Negeri 2 Semarang by Uswatun Khasanah (2009). This study was done to describe the improvement of students’ reading speed to find out the main idea of the text by using Skipping Visual Swing Strategy on the second grade students of SMA N 2 Semarang in Bahasa Indonesia subject. Besides, this research also conducted to describe the improvement of students’ behavior during the reading speed activities through using that strategy. This research was done by using instrument of interview test and observation checklist. The result of this research showed that this Skipping Swing Strategy was effective to improve the students’ reading speed and their behavior toward the classroom activities. The findings of this research showed that students’ reading speed can be modified by a
certain teaching and learning strategy. So, the researcher would like to find out whether KWL can give significant effect on students’ reading speed or not.
Arizon (2008) also conducted a research about the contribution of reading speed effectiveness toward students’ language learning achievement (in Indonesian language). He found that the students had low achievement on language learning as a result of low reading speed effectiveness. So, he trained his students to improve their reading speed on their reading activity. As the finding showed that there was a contribution of reading speed effectiveness toward the students’ language learning. So, he suggests the teacher to consider developing the students’ reading speed effectiveness in order to improve their language learning achievement.
In addition, the research that relates to promoting students’ reading attitude is a research conducted by Enisa Mede (2010). This research emphasizes the importance of instruction on graphic organizers (GOs) to promote reading in second or foreign language. She investigates the possible effects of instruction on concrete graphic organizers on students’ application of those visual displays in a text, and examines their attitudes toward reading in an EFL classroom. The result of this research shows that overt strategy training might have a positive effect application of visual aids in a text, and on second language students’ attitudes toward reading in an EFL classroom.
Another finding from İnal, et.al. (2008) shows that there is a significant relation between students’ attitudes towards foreign language and foreign language achievement. This research compare the influence of gender, age and
attitude towards the students’ foreign language achievement. Then, the result shows that the influence of students’ attitude toward their achievement is more significant than their gender or age. Thus, the researcher would like to find out whether teaching strategy and students’ reading attitude can give significant effect toward students’ reading speed or not.
While from a research was conducted by Yamashita (2013) on found out the effect of several teaching strategy toward students reading attitude. In his research, he used three teaching reading strategies which were KWL (Know Want Learn) strategy, SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, and Review) strategy and TPS (Think Pair Share) strategy. The result of this research showed that those teaching strategy give significant effect on students’ achievement with positive reading attitude, but only give small effect on students ‘achievement with negative reading attitude.
Based on the review of related findings, the researcher find that there is no research about finding the effect of Know-Want-Learned (KWL) strategy and students’ reading attitude toward students’ reading speed. Thus, the researcher will find out the effect of Know-Want-Learned (KWL) Strategy and reading attitude toward students’ reading speed as the further research.