CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
F. Related Previous Studies
The researcher takes review of related by previous researchers that give an inspiration to complete this research. They are:
The first previous studies is Astuti, Y. F, eta.al: The analysis of coherence in the background of skripsi writen by English Education. On 2010, Astuti conducted research to compere the analysis of coherence in the background of skripsi writen by English Education. This research apply descriptive qualitative research since it attempts to describe questioned the coherence of the writing background of students' thesis research. Coherence is very necessary when writing a research background so that the integrity of a text can be achieved. However, students still find it difficult to maintain the cohesiveness of the text. Three things are the focus of the study: (1) the types of themes in the background of the thesis, (2) the thematic progression, and (3) the degree of background writing coherence. In other hand, the difference is the research is taken the data from the students whereas the recent research takes it from the cumluade students.
37Shaadily, Hassan. Ensiklopedia Indonesia Jilid 2 CES-HAM. Jakarta: IchtiarBarudan Van Hoeve. From https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cum_Laude#cite_ref-a_1-0 accesed on pm 16:22 Thursday/29/10/2020
The results of the study show: (1) topical theme is the most frequent category of themes, (2) the thematic progression in the background of the thesis is not constant because there is a change in the type of thematic progression in almost every new paragraph, and (3) the level of coherence writing background of the thesis is less (less coherence) because of the emergence of other new ideas in one paragraph.38
The second is Fengjie, L. et.al : Analysis of the problems on coherence in college English writing. On 2014, Fengjie conducted a research to describing the focused the research on the level of coherence of student essay writing. The results show that students still cannot write sentences effectively. The use of word sequences, pronouns, and modifiers, sequence of ideas, sentence subjects, and tenses has not shown any integrated information integration. This is caused by: (1) lack of self- awareness in getting used to writing in English; (2) limited English vocabulary; (3) weaknesses in the use of English grammar; (4) lack of self-awareness to correct and learn from mistakes when writing. Then based on the results of this study, his researchers concluded that although students could express their ideas in written form, they could not write them with effective sentences. His research has not yet examined the use of conjunctions, so further research is needed on the object / focus. This is
38 Astuti, Y. F., Suryani, F. B. &Kurniati, D. (2010).The analysis of coherence in the background of skripsi written by English Education Department students of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.JurnalSosialdanBudaya, 3 (2).ISSN 1979-6889.
based on the condition of students who still use a lot of conjunctions that are not in accordance with the function that they should39.
The similarities of this research has to the recent research is micro- level coherence and using descriptive qualitative research design. The difference is the research is taken the data and more focused on analyzing higher micro-level coherence.
The third is Suwandi : An analysis of the final project abstracts of the undergraduate students. On 2016, Suwandi conducted axamines the level of coherence and inner cohesion writing abstracts of students at the University of PGRI Semarang. This research applies descriptive qualitative research and his research focused on the level of macro and micro coherence by using analysis teen theme. The results of the study showed that there was no integration in abstract writing. In the all three abstracts there is the word conjunction used, but not in accordance with its function, so that the sentence does not become coherent.40.
In other hand, the difference is the research is taken the data from axamines the level of coherence and inner cohesion writing abstracts of students. Whereas the recent research takes it from Content Analysis Micro-Level Coherence Made by Cumluade Students in Writing Background of Thesis in Academic Year 2019-2020.
39 Fengjie, L., Xiuying, Y., &Chuangze, Z. (2014).Analysis of the problems on coherence in college English writing.International Journal of Language and Linguistic. 2(6):387-390.
40Suwandi. 2016. Coherence and cohesion: An analysis of the final project abstracts of the undergraduate students of PGRI Semarang. Indonesian Journal of
AppliedLinguistics.(IJAL).Vol.5 No.2.hal. 253-261
Based on the previous studies above, the researcher try to conducted the study about used content analysis and descriptive analysis research design. Also try to find something new in the research. Ten research proposals were obtained from the collection of cumluade students in the final semester of 2020. The data was obtained using documentation techniques. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data description, and data verification. The validity of the data was checked using the triangulation test. The conjunctions used to link sentences and paragraphs are often not used correctly in writing a research proposal, especially the section on research background. One of the causes is interference with the mother tongue as the first language.
The result, it shows that of the ten research proposals there is only one conjunction which is not used properly based on its function. High liaison words used by students are Additive (38.68%) and Causal (34.30%) while low connective words are Temporal (15.00%) and Adversative (13.86%). In addition, students are aware of the use of conjunctions to make the reader understand the content and context in the research background. Thus, students' understanding of the use of conjunctions is good.
Table 2.1
Previous Research Summary
No Name Title Method Result
1. Astuti, Y. F The analysis of coherence in the background of skripsi writen by English Education
Qualitative The results of the study showed 2 kinds of Macro- level coherence and the level of coherence writing background of the thesis is less (less coherence) because of the emergence of other new ideas in one paragraph.
2. Fengjie, L Analysis of the problems on coherence in college English writing.
Qualitative The results show that students still cannot write sentences effectively.
The use of word sequences, pronouns, and modifiers, sequence of ideas, sentence subjects, and tenses has not shown
any integrated
information integration.
(Continued)
3. Suwandi An analysis of the final project abstracts of the undergraduate students.
Qualitative The results of the study showed that there was no integration in abstract writing. In the all three abstracts there is the word conjunction used, but not in accordance with its function, so that the sentence does not become coherent.
4. Tia Febrianti Content Analysis Micro- Level Coherence Made by Cumluade Students in Writing Background of Thesis in Academic Year 2029-2020.
Qualitative The results of the study showed that of the ten research proposals there is only one conjunction which is not used properly based on its function. High liaison words used by students are Additive (38.68%) and Causal (34.40%) while low connective words are Temporal
(13.13%) and
Adversative (13.86%). In addition, students are aware of the use of conjunctions to make the reader understand the content and context in the research background.
Thus,students'
understanding of the use of conjunctions is good.
CHAPTER III