CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
C. Scrabble Games
1. Definition of Scrabble Game
Scrabble is a familiar board game in which players form words by arranging tiles with letters printed. According to Warner and brown (2005:
47), scrabble is a game with a proprietary board game that involves the building of words for point scores and can be played by two or more players. One of the players has to get the highest score to win the game.
Wikipedia (2019) states that Scrabble is a word game in which two to four players score points by placing tiles, each bearing a single letter, onto a game board divided into a 15x 15 gird of squares. The tiles must come from words that, in crossword fashion, read left to right in rows or downward in columns and be include in a standard dictionary or lexicon.
Based on the definition above, it can be reviewed that Scrabble games are board games. It is projected to make students feel enthusiast played by the whole students together in real-time.
2. How to play Scrabble and The Rules
In playing scrabble games, there are no rules to play. The rules of playing the scrabble game as follows:
a) To begin the game, players will take one tile. The player that has the letter that is closest to “A” will begin the game. A blank tile will win the start of the game. Every player will start their turn by drawing seven tiles
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from the scrabble bag. The first played word must be at least two letters long and cover H8 (the center square).
b) Every player has their time 30 seconds to create the word.
c) The new words can be formed by a). Adding one more of the letter in one word or the message has already been put on the board, b). It was placing a word in an equal line that has already on the board. c). Placing the letters crossly in a word or letter has already on the board with the result that creates a complete word. d) Diagonal plays are not allowed.
d) Every player can take the new tile in equal numbers when his turn.
e) All words in a dictionary can be used except verb 2, verb 3, and abbreviation words.
f) The game is going on until the tiles are finished, and one of the players used all his tile.
g) Especially in this research, the researcher adds one new rule in the game.
Every player must Spell the word that they are created by themselves when his turn.
3. Scoring
The score for any play is determined this way (Wikipedia 2019) : a. Each new word formed in a play is scored separately, and then those
scores are added up. The value of each tile is indicated on the tile, and blank tiles are worth zero points.
b. The main word (defined as the word containing every played letter) is scored. The tiles' letter values are added up, and tiles placed on Double Letter Score (DLS) and Triple Letter Score (TLS) squares are doubled or tripled in value, respectively. Tiles placed on Double Word Score (DWS) or Triple Word Score (TWS) squares double or triple the value of the word(s) that include those tiles,
c. Premium squares apply only when newly placed tiles cover them. Any subsequent plays do not count those premium squares.
d. If a player covers both letter and word premium squares with a single word, the letter premium(s) is/are calculated first, followed by the word premium(s). If a player makes a play where the main word covers two DWS squares, its value is doubled, then redoubled (i.e., 4× the word value). Similarly, if the main word covers two TWS squares, the value of that word is tripled, then (9× the word value). Such plays are often referred to as "double-doubles" and "triple-triples," respectively. It is theoretically possible to achieve a play covering three TWS squares (a 27× word score), although this is extremely improbable without constructive setup and collaboration. Plays covering a DWS and a TWS simultaneously (6× the word value, or 18× if a DWS and two TWS squares are hidden) are only possible if a player misses the center star on the first turn. The play goes unchallenged (this is valid under North American tournament rules).
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e. Finally, if seven tiles have been laid on the board in one turn, known as a
"bingo" in North America and as a "bonus" elsewhere, after all of the words formed have been scored, 50 bonus points are added.
f. When the letters to be drawn have run out, the final play can often determine the winner. This is particularly the case in close games with more than two players.
4. How Scrabble Improving students speaking skills.
There are some ways of scrabble in improving speaking skills.
a. Students will know many vocabularies that are not known yet by them.
They will also know the meaning of the word they have found. In that case, it will help the student to complete one of the components in speaking.
b. Students will know how the word should be spelled. Not only by his words, but they can also view words that other players spell as well.
c. Students will be active in speaking. They can speak without pressure, feeling, and force when they claim their friend's word so that the students will speak to his friend.
Based on the described above, The Scrabble game is a perfect way to increase vocabulary and spell words better. It is also a competitive word game that can make any event more interactive, fun, and exciting.