CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
C. Data Analysis
1. The Structure of Passive Voice Errors
The structure of passive voice errors are found in the students’
introduction chapter as the most dominant errors of passive voice form.
There were 35% percent errors shown on the students’ introduction chapter. The passive voice errors in form of structure have many variations of errors. The categories of wrong passive structure are because of missing subject, wrong subject, missing verb be, wrong verb be, missing past participle, wrong past participle, should be included in adjective clause. The example of analysis result of passive voice structure error is provided in the following table:
TABLE 2
THE STRUCTURE ERROS OF PASSIVE VOICE ON THE STUDENTS INTRODUCTION CHAPTER AT STATE ISLAMIC COLLEGE OF
JURAI SIWO METRO
N0 Code Identification of Error
Description of error
Reconstruction
The Wrong Verb Be 1 N 3 They often forget
about the vocabularies which have given.
It is wrong because there is no verb be in this sentence.
They often forget about the
vocabularies which have been given.
The methods which are used in teaching
vocabulary is not applicated yet.
It is wrong because this sentence use verb be is.
The methods which are used in teaching vocabulary are not applicated yet.
Should Be Included in Adjective Clause 25 N 1 There are many
problems are faced by the readers...
It should be included in adjective clause because there are two clauses that should connected with clause marker
There are many problems which are faced by the readers...
26 N 2 ...the message or information want to shared by the writer through the text.
The meaning of this sentence is passive and it needs verb be and also clause marker which because there are two clauses that should connected with clause marker
...the message or information which want to be shared by the writer through the text.
The Wrong Subject 28 N 7 it is still found
misuses of vocabularies.
There is no subject in second clauses.
It should consist of subject and verb
it is still found that there were misuses of vocabularies
29 N 10 The students' are expected to be able to
comprehend a reading text.
It is wrong because there is (‘) before the subject.
The students are expected to be able to comprehend a reading text.
Wrong Past Participle 35 N 2 idiomatic
expression which often find in reading
comprehension
This sentence is wrong because the verb find is not past particle The right past participle is found
idiomatic
expression which is found in reading comprehension
35 N 3 The methods which are used in teaching
vocabulary is not applicated yet.
This sentence is wrong because the verb find is not past particle The right past participle is applied
The methods which are used in teaching vocabulary is not applied yet
The Missing Subject 38 N 3 Based on
teacher's
experience found that when
teaching and learning process,
It is wrong because there is no subject and should be included in adjective clause
Based on teachers' experiance it is found that when teaching and learning process, 39 N 25 November 9,
2014 that can be inferred only….
It is wrong because there is no subject in this sentence
November 9, 2014 it that can be inferred only Missing Past Participle
40 N 21 Practically, it can be the researcher
There is no past participle as one
Practically, it can be used by the
I t
is stated in the table above that there are five categories of passive voice errors. The explanation of ea h category was explained below
a. Wrong Verb Be
There were 15 passive voice errors that wrong in verb be. The original wrong sentence provided in one of the introduction chapter is illustrated as following:
Reading is one of the four skills that are learned at school. (N 10, paragraph 1, line 6)
The sentence above belongs to passive voice error because it has wrong verb be n the passive sentence. The contraction of passive voice is S + Verb Be + Past Participle.
The error can be classified as the following sentence:
Wrong : Reading is one of the four skills that are learned at is references to
know the correlation between speed reading and reading
comprehension
of the main requirements of passive
sentence contractions
researcher as references to know the correlation between speed reading and reading comprehension
41 N 23 This research is to discuss an
effectivenes technique for reading
comprehension which called by Mind Mapping
There is no past participle as one of the main requirements of passive
sentence contractions
This research is used to discuss an effectivenes technique for reading
comprehension which is called by Mind Mapping
Right : Reading is one of the four skills that is learned at Explanation : The right verb be of passive voice sentence is is.
b. The Missing Verb Be
There were 13 passive voice errors that missing verb be. The original wrong sentence provided in one of the introduction chapter is illustrated as following:
It caused by their gender (N 18, paragraph 11, line 2)
The above sentence belongs to passive voice error because there is no verb be in the passive sentence. The contraction of passive voice is S + Verb Be + Past Participle.
The error can be classified as the following sentence:
Wrong : It caused by their gender..
Right : It is caused by their gender…
Explanation : The right verb be in the passive voice sentence is is
c. The Passive Structure that Should Be Included in Adjective Clause There were 8 passive voice errors that should be included in adjective clause. The original wrong sentence provided in one of the introduction chapter is illustrated as following:
Reading is one of the important skill should be mastered (N 26, paragraph 1, line 1)
The sentence above belongs to passive voice error because actually it consists of two clauses. Meanwhile, there is no clause marker that should connect both of the clauses.
The error can be classified as the following sentence:
Wrong : Reading is one of the important skill should be mastered
Right : Reading is one of the important skill that should be mastered
Explanation : It should be included in adjective clause because there are two clauses that should connected with clause marker.
d. The Wrong Subject
There were 6 passive voice errors that wrong subject in passive sentence. The original wrong sentence provided in one of the introduction chapter is illustrated as following:
In learning grammar must be a stressed point that should be thought to students (N 26, paragraph 5, line 2)
The sentence above belongs to passive voice error because the subject that is used in passive sentence is wrong. The contraction of passive voice is S + Verb Be + Past Participle.
The error can be classified as the following sentence:
Wrong : In learning grammar must be a stressed point that should be thought to students
Right : Learning grammar must be a stressed point that should be thought to students.
Explanation : It is wrong because there is preposition in before the subject.
e. The Wrong Past Participle
There were 6 passive voice errors that wrong in past participle in passive sentence. The original wrong sentence provided in one of the introduction chapter is illustrated as following:
One of those techniques which are know to improve student's reading comprehension (N 16, paragraph 5, line 3)
The sentence above belongs to passive voice error because it has wrong past participle in the passive sentence. The contraction of passive voice is S + Verb Be + Past Participle.
The error can be classified as the following sentence:
Wrong : One of those techniques which are know to improve student's reading comprehension
Right : One of those techniques which are known to improve student's reading comprehension
Explanation : The right past participle of passive voice sentence is known.
f. The Missing Subject
There were 2 passive voice errors because missing of subject in passive sentence. The original wrong sentence provided in one of the introduction chapter is illustrated as following:
Based on teacher's experience found that when teaching and learning process... (N 3, paragraph 3, line 3)
The sentence above belongs to passive voice error because missing of subject in the passive sentence. The contraction of passive voice is S + Verb Be + Past Participle.
The error can be classified as the following sentence:
Wrong : Based on teacher's experience found that when teaching and learning process,
Right : Based on teacher's experience it is found that when teaching and learning process,
Explanation : The sentence errors because there is no subject.
g. The Missing Past Participle
There were 2 passive voice errors because missing past participle in passive sentence. The original wrong sentence provided in one of the introduction chapter is illustrated as following:
This research is to discuss an effectiveness technique for reading comprehension which called by Mind Mapping (N 23, paragraph 12, line 3)
The sentence above belongs to passive voice error because there is no past participle as one of the main requirements of passive sentence contractions. The contraction of passive voice is S + Verb Be + Past Participle.
The error can be classified as the following sentence:
Wrong : This research is to discuss an effectiveness technique for reading comprehension which called by Mind Mapping
Right : This research is to discuss an effectiveness technique for reading comprehension which is called by Mind Mapping
Explanation : There is no verb be as one of the main requirements of passive sentence contractions.