A. Finding
2. Students Learning Environment in Al-Iman Modern Islamic
In order to support the acquisition of the second language of its students, the modern Islamic boarding school Al-Iman applies two environments for language learning, namely the formal environment (at school) and the informal environment (in the dormitory).
a. Formal Environment
The formal environment for learning a second language at the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school is like any other school.
Experienced English teachers guide teaching and learning activities (especially for learning English) in schools. Based on the explanation in the previous chapter, a basis of the input, process, and output of second language learning in the formal environment will be explained based on indicators in the formal environment (school) itself, namely as follows:
1) Teacher
Teachers who teach English lessons in a formal environment of Al-Iman Islamic Modern Boarding School are graduates of English education. Teacher has a variety of hard and soft skills that help the teaching and learning process in the classroom. English teachers in this formal environment can develop teaching materials based on the needs and context of the student's learning environment. The teacher carries out various stages in the implementation of learning, starting from preparing teaching materials to conducting a final evaluation.
According to the results of an interview with English teacher on January 18, 2022, teachers in the formal environment of the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school have the same role as teachers, in general, were to help students achieve learning goals, the teacher carries out a learning process based on the syllabus used and guided by the curriculum used today.
In addition, he said that additional criteria that must be met were not smoking and being able to recite the Qur’an. This indicator of a good teacher does not provide an example of harmful actions in the Islamic boarding school environment.
2) Curriculum
In carrying out the teaching and learning process, the English teacher at the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school prepares various things like English teachers in other schools in general. The curriculum used by English teachers to carry out second language learning in class today is the 2013 curriculum (K13).
The 2013 curriculum is a learning concept that emphasizes the independence of students to do learning. However, in its application in the formal environment of the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school, the teacher continues to supervise and assist and guide all student learning activities so that they remain on the predetermined path so that later the objectives of the curriculum are used can be achieved. Curriculum development into a syllabus and then into a lesson plan is also carried out like teachers in other schools. Language teachers at modern Islamic boarding schools Al-Iman have also prepared various teaching methods that will be applied to deliver material based on the applicable curriculum.
3) Infrastructure/ Facilities
The existing infrastructure/facilities in the school environment is in the form of buildings and facilities supporting the learning process in the school environment. In the Al-Iman Islamic boarding school's formal environment, supporting facilities for second language learning activities are classrooms, a wall magazine, and a language laboratory.
b. Informal Environment
The informal environment (dormitory) in the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school provides additional learning for students.
In the dormitory environment, students are expected to apply all the theories obtained at school or study directly in their lives in socializing with other students. So that as long as students are in the dormitory environment, every time and activity they do is part of the learning stage.
Some special parties and programs are implemented in the informal environment of the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school to assist the acquisition of the second language of the students, which are as follows:
1) Language Section
The language section in the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school environment is one of the Al-Iman santri
organization (OSA) fields. This student organization consists of all students in the second level of Madrasah Aliyah. The Language Section itself has a particular task. It is responsible for designing, implementing, and supervising language programs in the informal environment (dormitory) of the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school.
2) Programs of Language Section 1. Daily Programs
Daily programs are activities carried out or implemented every day in the dormitory environment of the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school.
English All Day
The informal environment of Islamic boarding schools is a bilingual environment that requires students to communicate using English and Arabic at all times. Usually, the choice of language (English or Arabic on that day) is determined by the Language section (there are exceptions for first-year students at Islamic boarding schools who are allowed to mix the language between Indonesian and the required language). When a language has been determined to be used, all students must use that language throughout the day in the dormitory
environment. If the language that has been set that day is in English, all day long, students must communicate with anyone using English without exception. Likewise with Arabic.
When these rules or activities have been implemented, the Language section secretly selects several students to be spies (jasus) who will record and report other students who do not use the official language when communicating with their interlocutors. Then students who do not practice the official language will be summoned to the language court at night to be punished so that the student does not repeat the same mistakes in the future. The punishment given here is not physical punishment but educational punishment. Students are punished based on the number of times they are called and make mistakes. Usually, the punishment given is memorizing new vocabulary, writing vocabulary on cardboard to be pasted in the dormitory environment, giving language speeches at muhadhoroh activities, and other things related to things that can improve students' second language acquisition.
Morning Vocabulary Enrichment
Morning vocabulary enrichment is a daily routine activity where all students get three new vocabulary words and examples of their use in sentences. These three new vocabularies are searched for and written by the Language section on a piece of paper where an instructor (member of the Language section and several students managing the organization with the capacity and ability are trusted to convey the new vocabulary to the students. Every morning after the Fajr prayer and reading the Koran. At 06:00 am, the students were gathered in the field located in the dormitory area.
The students were divided into groups based on their grade level. Then, they would be given three new vocabulary words and how to use them in a sentence. After the vocabulary is given, the students must use it when they need it. If the vocabulary that has been given is not applied, the student will be given a sanction or summons. For example, today, students got "sleep" for "tidur". If they want to say the word "tidur" or when their grip requires the word "tidur," they have to say it in English "sleep"
because they have gained knowledge of the vocabulary. This regulation applies to English and Arabic, which are used as an official daily. If they want to say a word that they do not know, they can do "mixing" or "switching" on some vocabulary that is mixing several languages in one sentence or during a conversation with notes they have to look for the vocabulary afterward.
Language Court
The Language Court is an activity of summoning or implementing justice for students who violate the language rules in the dormitory environment. This activity is carried out after finishing the Isha prayer every day. Prior to the Isha prayer, the members of the management of the language section have collected notes containing the names of violators of the language rules, which are usually collected by spies (jasus) or obtained directly by the language section. The names of violators will be punished according to how many times they violate the rules of the language section.
2. Weekly Programs
The weekly program has the meaning as an activity carried out by the Language section every week in the modern Al-Iman Islamic boarding school environment.
Conversation Enrichment
Conversation Enrichment is an activity to replace the Morning Vocabulary Enrichment, which is carried out once a week. If every morning on weekdays students gets new vocabulary, then on one day a week they will get used to vocabulary in a complete conversation starting from asking a question and how to answer the question (conversation) every week the theme applied is different. It can be about conversations in the mosque (about activities that may occur in the mosque environment), questions (that may occur) in the dormitory environment, conversations while studying, borrowing goods, and others. The vocabulary for this conversation is given in the language that has been applied that week.
Language Exchange
The rules for using the official language, namely English and Arabic, are usually changed
every week. If students in the first week of each month use English, then one-week later students must use Arabic. Even though students already know this, the Language section will still make announcements at the end of every weekend to let them know what official language will be applied in the following week.
Language Free Day
Although the official languages (English and Arabic) used daily change every week, the language section also provides a day with free language that they use, which is held every Sunday. Freedom of using any language here, students are allowed to use English or Arabic by switching or mixing the two languages on Sundays.
Performing Art Festival (Muhadhoroh)
The last weekly activity or program is performing arts (muhadhoroh). All students will perform performances in the form of speeches, dramas, poetry readings and other performances using English and Arabic. All students will be divided into several large groups which then in the group, students will take turns taking roles for each
version that will be performed in front of the other group's themes.
3. Monthly Programs
A monthly program here means activities carried out once a month or every three months in a dormitory environment to support students' second language acquisition.
Watching Movies Together
This joint film viewing activity is carried out regularly every three months to replace the one-time art performance (muhadhoroh). The films watched can be in the form of animated films, motivational movies of any genre which previously went through a preview process by the language and security divisions to ensure that the shows shown did not contain harmful content pornographic elements or other negative things. Of course, the films shown are in English and Arabic.
Language Justification
Language justification is an evaluation activity of vocabulary and sentences often misused in the dormitory environment. Instructors and presenters in this activity are usually language teaching
teachers who will be justified (English teachers and Arabic teachers or other parties who are judged to have the capacity in their fields). Examples of vocabulary that are misused are "lagi dandan" to
"again and and", "kapan-kapan" to "when when", so in language justification activities, an evaluation is carried out that "dressing up" is "dressing up" as well as other sentences and vocabulary. In this language justification activity, there are also questions and answers about language.
Monthly Meeting of Language Section
This meeting is usually only held by the Language section and is attended by all parties related to the Language section, including the language section supervisor, chairman, and members. This meeting was held to discuss or evaluate problems related to programs and linguistic regulations at the modern Islamic boarding school Al-Iman.
4. Annual Programs
The annual program is an activity that is carried out once a year or per term of office of the language section management.
The Change of Management
The change of management is an annual routine activity like a leadership change. New leaders and administrators are selected and selected from the old regime and supervisors who have the capacity and authority or authority over the election. The evolution of management is expected to provide progress for the Language section to improve its formation's vision, mission, and goals. The new leadership is also likely to give an innovation that is growing so that students' second language acquisition in the future can also develop.
Management Meeting
Management meetings are carried out by all organizational administrators and the management of the Language section. This activity is carried out to design, develop, and strategize the implementation and implementation of the rules and programs of the Language section. In this activity, an evaluation of the regulations previously applied was also carried out. All activities that are felt to bring much development to students' second language acquisition will still be carried out. On the
other hand, activities or programs that are deemed to be lacking in change will be revised or adapted to existing conditions.
3) The Infrastuctures
The infrastructure in the dormitory environment is all the facilities and infrastructure that support the learning process, especially for the acquisition of a second language, including dormitories where each location has a vocabulary banner/flyer that is adapted to these locations, a wide field for linguistic activities (morning vocabulary enrichment, conversation enrichment). And others.), a room or meeting hall to carry out language improvement activities, member deliberations, and the inauguration of new administrators.